All articles A–Z
519,064 articles
Ecosystem and Relict Cultural Landscape of Lopé-Okanda (protected area)
Ecosystem and Relict Cultural Landscape of Lopé-Okanda (Écosystème et paysage culturel relique de Lopé-Okanda): Gabon's first UNESCO World Heritage site, inscribed 2007 as a mixed rainforest-savannah property with 1,800 petroglyphs and 400,000 years of settlement.
Ecosystem engineer
An ecosystem engineer is a species that modifies its physical environment, directly or indirectly, creating or destroying habitat, with beavers and reef-building corals as classic examples.
Ecosystem Integrity Fund
Ecosystem Integrity Fund is a sustainability-focused venture capital firm in the San Francisco Bay Area, founded in 2011 by James Everett and Devin Whatley after leaving Aquillian.
Ecosystem respiration
Ecosystem respiration is the oxidation of organic matter to inorganic carbon by all organisms in an ecosystem, measured in streams and rivers from daily dissolved oxygen records.
Ecosystem service
Ecosystem service: a benefit people obtain from ecosystems, classified by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment into supporting, provisioning, regulating, and cultural services; central to IPBES assessments, monetary valuation, and payments for ecosystem services.
Ecotourism
Ecotourism: responsible nature-based travel that conserves the environment, sustains local well-being, and includes interpretation and education; defined by TIES and UN Tourism, promoted via the 2002 International Year of Ecotourism, and debated over conservation evidence, certification, and climate claims.
Ecotoxicity
Ecotoxicity is the capacity of a chemical substance to cause harmful effects on organisms in natural environments; its data underpin ecological risk assessment and chemical classification.
Ecotoxicology
Ecotoxicology: study of toxic effects of environmental chemicals on populations, communities, and ecosystems, distinct from environmental toxicology; supports risk assessment via PNECs, EQSs, AOPs, and standardized ecotoxicity testing.
Ecotype
Ecotype: a genetically adapted population within a species, coined by Göte Turesson in 1922 (Hereditas). Tested by reciprocal transplant and common garden experiments; distinct from subspecies, which is a taxonomic rank.
Ecoust-St-Mein
Écoust-Saint-Mein, a rural commune in Pas-de-Calais, Hauts-de-France, near Bapaume and Arras, site of one of the largest trapezoidal-plan Gallo-Roman villas of northern Gaul (L'Homme Mort) and a village rebuilt after the 1917-1918 offensives.
Ecovacs Robotics
Ecovacs Robotics (科沃斯) is a Chinese maker of robot vacuums and smart home appliances, founded in Suzhou in 1998 by Qian Dongqi and listed in Shanghai since 2018.
EcoVadis
EcoVadis is a Paris-based company founded in 2007 that rates businesses on environmental, social, and ethical performance, helping large corporate buyers assess their suppliers; it became a French unicorn in 2022.
Ecovative Design
Ecovative Design is an American biomaterials company in Green Island, New York, founded in 2007 by Eben Bayer and Gavin McIntyre, best known for its compostable Mushroom Packaging.
Ecovyst
Ecovyst Inc. is an American chemical company based in Wayne, Pennsylvania, providing sulfuric acid regeneration, virgin sulfuric acid, and sulfur dioxide products to refining and mining customers.
ECOWAS
ECOWAS (CEDEAO), the Economic Community of West African States, is a 12-member regional bloc founded by the 1975 Treaty of Lagos, headquartered in Abuja; Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger withdrew effective 29 January 2025.
ECOWAS Monitoring Group
The ECOWAS Monitoring Group (ECOMOG), formally the ECOWAS Cease-fire Monitoring Group, was the peacekeeping force of West African states, first deployed to Liberia in 1990 and later Sierra Leone.
ECOWAS Protocol on Democracy and Good Governance
The ECOWAS Protocol on Democracy and Good Governance is a supplementary protocol of ECOWAS, adopted at Dakar in December 2001, requiring power to be gained only through free, fair elections.
ECOWAS Protocol on Free Movement of Persons, Residence and Establishment
The ECOWAS Protocol on Free Movement of Persons, Residence and Establishment is a 1979 ECOWAS treaty granting Community citizens visa-free entry, residence, and establishment across West African member states.
Ecozone
Ecozone: broad geographic/ecological unit; in biogeography synonymous with biogeographic realm (evolutionary history, spans biomes); in Canada the top level of ecological land classification with 15 terrestrial ecozones; FAO uses 5 domains and 20 global Ecological Zones.
ECP Manco, LLC
ECP Manco, LLC is a Delaware limited liability company formed in 2019 and classified under health care, which raised about $105.1 million in private offerings from 2020 to 2022.
Ecraprost
Ecraprost (code AS 013, brand name Circulase) is a lipid microsphere prodrug of prostaglandin E1, given intravenously as lipo-ecraprost and investigated as a vasodilator for peripheral arterial disease.
Écriture féminine
Écriture féminine (feminine writing) is a French feminist literary theory concept launched by Hélène Cixous in 1975, associated with Cixous, Irigaray, and Kristeva, denoting body-centered writing against phallocentric tradition, not literature by women.
ECS (satellite bus)
ECS was a geostationary communications satellite bus developed by British Aerospace in the United Kingdom as successor to ESA's Orbital Test Satellite, flying five European Communications Satellites for EUTELSAT between 1983 and 1988.
Ecstacy (song)
"Ecstacy" (styled lowercase) is a 1:36 song by SUICIDAL-IDOL, first on SoundCloud July 19, 2021, digital single February 18, 2022, produced by buhguul, viral on TikTok in 2023 with about 144 million Spotify streams; distinct from New Order's and Mari Wilson's same-titled songs.
Ecstasy (film)
Ecstasy (Ekstase, Extase) is Gustav Machatý's 1932/1933 Czechoslovak erotic drama starring Hedy Kiesler (Hedy Lamarr), famous for its nude bathing and orgasm scenes, global censorship battles, and 2019 Venice award-winning restoration.
Ecstasy of Saint Teresa
Ecstasy of Saint Teresa: Bernini's 1647–1652 marble group in the Cornaro Chapel, Santa Maria della Vittoria, Rome, commissioned by Cardinal Federico Cornaro, depicting Teresa of Ávila's transverberation.
Ecstatic
Ecstatic is the stage name of Wouter van de Ridder, a Dutch euphoric hardstyle producer on Dirty Workz who also performs the joint live act Progressive Hardstyle with Audiotricz.
Ecstatic seizures
Ecstatic seizures are rare focal epilepsy auras of bliss, physical well-being, and heightened self-awareness with preserved consciousness. About 50-52 cases reported; linked to the dorsal anterior insula; first described by Dostoevsky.
ECT Delta terminal
The ECT Delta terminal is a container terminal at the Maasvlakte in the Port of Rotterdam, opened in 1993 as the Delta/Sea-Land Terminal, the world's first automated container terminal.
ECT2
ECT2 (epithelial cell transforming 2, ARHGEF31), gene at 3q26.31, encodes a 914-aa Rho GTPase exchange factor essential for cytokinesis; autoinhibited by its PH domain, activated by centralspindlin, and an oncoprotein overexpressed in lung, liver, and other cancers.