774 articles
Archosargus probatocephalus
Archosargus probatocephalus, the sheepshead seabream, is a western Atlantic Sparidae fish from Nova Scotia to Brazil, absent from Bermuda and the West Indies, with molar-like teeth for crushing mollusks and crustaceans.
Arctic char
Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), also called Arctic charr, is the world's northernmost freshwater fish, a circumpolar salmonid with anadromous and landlocked populations, spawning in fall redds, feeding at sea in summer, and vulnerable to Arctic warming.
Argyrosomus japonicus
Argyrosomus japonicus, the mulloway or Japanese meagre (Sciaena japonica), is a large Indo-West Pacific sciaenid fish, IUCN Endangered A2bd, with spawning stocks reduced to 1.3% (South Africa) and 7.0–13% (Australia) of unfished levels.
Argyrosomus regius
Argyrosomus regius, the meagre (corvina, maigre commun), is a large Sciaenidae drum fish of the Mediterranean and West African coast, up to 2 m and 50 kg, and an emerging Mediterranean aquaculture species farmed in France, Italy, and Croatia.
Ariidae
Ariidae, the sea catfishes or fork-tailed catfishes, is a family of Siluriformes catfishes of tropical and subtropical marine and brackish continental shelves; males mouth-brood eggs; about 161 species in 42 genera including Arius, Bagre, and Sciades.
Arowana
Arowana, also called bonytongue or dragonfish (Asian arowana, Scleropages formosus), a group of six large predatory freshwater fish species in Osteoglossum and Scleropages across South America, Asia, and Australia; mouthbrooding, Gondwanan biogeography, CITES-regulated trade.
Ashanti
Ashanti (FEOW ecoregion 515) is a freshwater ecoregion in southwestern Ghana and southeastern Côte d'Ivoire, covering the Bia, Tano, Ankobra, and Pra rivers plus crater Lake Bosumtwi, with a primarily Nilo-Sudanian fish fauna and restricted endemics such as Limbochromis robertsi.
Asian arowana
Asian arowana (Scleropages formosus, ikan kelisa, dragonfish): endangered Southeast Asian bonytongue surface predator, CITES Appendix I since 1975, paternal mouthbrooder, traded only as microchipped captive-bred fish.
Atherina boyeri
Atherina boyeri, the big-scale sand smelt, is a small euryhaline Atherinidae fish of Mediterranean, Black Sea, Caspian, and eastern Atlantic coasts; likely a species complex including A. lagunae and A. mochon, IUCN Least Concern, commercially fished.
Atherina presbyter
Atherina presbyter, the sand smelt (French Prêtre), is a small eastern Atlantic silverside fish, 12-16 cm, schooling in littoral waters from Scotland to the Canaries, confused historically with Atherina boyeri but confirmed as a distinct species.
Atherinidae
Atherinidae (Old World silversides, true silversides) is a family of small, silvery Atheriniform fishes erected by Risso in 1827; type genus Atherina, inshore marine and brackish waters, taxonomy unstable.
Atlantic blue marlin
The Atlantic blue marlin (Makaira nigricans) is a large, highly migratory billfish inhabiting tropical and subtropical Atlantic waters, prized as a game fish that can exceed 12 feet and 2,000 pounds.
Atlantic bluefin tuna
Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus), also called northern or giant bluefin, is the largest tuna, reaching 13 ft and 2,000 lb. Managed by ICCAT as eastern and western stocks split at 45°W, with quotas, a 2022 management procedure, and recent recovery in UK waters.
Atlantic cod
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), a North Atlantic groundfish from Greenland to Cape Hatteras, once supported the world's largest single-species fishery; the 1992 Newfoundland moratorium followed its collapse, and U.S. stocks remain overfished.
Atlantic goliath grouper
Atlantic goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara), formerly jewfish: largest Atlantic grouper, up to 8 ft and 800 lb, Florida to Brazil and Congo to Senegal; mangrove nurseries, harvest banned in U.S. federal waters since 1990, limited Florida lottery fishery since 2022, IUCN Vulnerable.
Atlantic mackerel
Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus), also called common or Boston mackerel, is a schooling North Atlantic pelagic fish up to 16.5 inches and 2.2 pounds. U.S. stock rebuilding; Northeast Atlantic stock below Blim in 2025 amid coastal-state quota disputes.
Atlantic manta ray
Atlantic manta ray (Mobula yarae), third recognized manta species, formally described July 2025; Atlantic-only range from the eastern US and Gulf of Mexico to Brazil; differs from Mobula birostris in ventral spots, denticles, tooth rows, and DNA; Florida nursery.
Atlantic salmon
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), the only salmon native to the Atlantic Ocean, an anadromous fish spawning in rivers and feeding at sea. Wild US populations are endangered in Maine; farmed salmon, first raised in Norway in the 1970s, dominate markets.
Atlantic wolffish
Atlantic wolffish (Anarhichas lupus), also called seawolf or Atlantic catfish, is a North Atlantic bottom fish with crushing teeth; overfished in U.S. waters, Special Concern in Canada, and heavily fished in Iceland.
Auchenoglanis occidentalis
Auchenoglanis occidentalis, the giraffe catfish or bubu, a large African claroteid catfish from Senegal to Tanzania; likely a species complex, omnivorous, nest-brooding, and a Zambian aquaculture candidate.
Auxis rochei
Auxis rochei, the bullet tuna (basionym Scomber rochei Risso, 1810), is a small neritic Scombridae tuna of the Atlantic, Indian, and western Pacific Oceans including the Mediterranean; IUCN Least Concern globally but critically overfished in the central Mediterranean.
Auxis thazard
Auxis thazard, frigate tuna or frigate mackerel, is a small scombrid tuna (Scombridae, Thunnini) of tropical and subtropical seas; distinguished from bullet tuna A. rochei by oblique wavy back markings, fished commercially, IUCN Least Concern.
Bacalhau
Bacalhau is salted and dried Atlantic cod, Portugal's national ingredient and the base of hundreds of dishes, preserved since the 14th century so it could survive long sea voyages.
Bagridae
Bagridae (bagrid or naked catfishes), family Bleeker 1858 of Siluriformes catfishes from African and Asian freshwaters; scaleless, four barbels, serrated spines; about 20 genera, 245 species; taxonomy reshaped by Mo 1991; mitogenomes show Hemibagrus non-monophyly.
Bagrus bajad
Bagrus bajad, commonly called the bayad, is a large bagrid catfish native to the Nile, Lake Chad, and the Niger and Senegal rivers, commercially fished as a food fish.
Balistidae
Balistidae, the triggerfishes, is a family of about 42 species of marine ray-finned fishes named for a dorsal spine that locks upright like a trigger.
Barbonymus gonionotus
Barbonymus gonionotus, the silver barb or Java barb (tawes), is a large cyprinid fish of the Mekong, Chao Phraya, and Sunda regions, widely farmed in Asia, used for weed control, and listed as Least Concern.
Barbus barbus
Barbus barbus, the barbel, a rheophilic European cyprinid fish described by Linnaeus in 1758 as Cyprinus barbus; type species of Barbus, ranging from England and France to the Black Sea basin, IUCN Least Concern.
Barracuda
Barracuda, Sphyraena (Sphyraenidae): elongated predatory tropical marine fish, 27-28 living species in three groups, including the great barracuda Sphyraena barracuda, up to 2 m, known for speed, ciguatera risk, and rare attacks on divers.
Barramundi
Barramundi (Lates calcarifer, Asian seabass) is an Indo-West Pacific euryhaline fish and protandrous hermaphrodite, farmed globally at about 169,000 tonnes (2017-18) and wild-caught in northern Australia.