774 articles
Brycon amazonicus
Brycon amazonicus (matrinxã, yamú, bocón; formerly B. cephalus) is a South American bryconid characin of the Amazon, Orinoco, and Essequibo basins, up to 46.2 cm SL, an omnivorous migratory food fish, IUCN Least Concern, and a major Brazilian aquaculture species.
Brycon guatemalensis
Brycon guatemalensis, the machaca or macabi tetra, is a Central American freshwater characiform fish of Bryconidae, reaching 59 cm, juvenile insectivore turned adult fruit-eater that disperses fig seeds, IUCN Least Concern.
Bull shark
Bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas), also Zambezi or Nicaragua shark: a large euryhaline requiem shark, to 400 cm, that enters rivers and estuaries; IUCN Vulnerable (2021) with a suspected 30–49% population decline over three generations.
Bull trout
The bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) is a char native to northwestern North America, from Alaska to northern California, listed as threatened under the US Endangered Species Act.
Burbot
Burbot (Lota lota), also called ling, eelpout, or lawyer, is the only freshwater cod (Gadidae), a holarctic 40–70°N winter spawner under ice at 1–4 °C, IUCN Least Concern but extirpated in Western Europe and the UK.
Callionymus lyra
Callionymus lyra, the common dragonet or European dragonet (Linnaeus, 1758), is a scaleless demersal fish of the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean; males reach 30.5 cm with sail-like blue dorsal fins, and it is a cod prey fish and contaminant-monitoring target.
Candiru (fish)
Candiru (Vandellia cirrhosa), also called toothpick fish or canero, is a small Amazonian parasitic catfish that feeds on fish gill blood; its famed urethra-invading behavior is a disputed myth.
Canonia
Canonia Vieth 1980 is an extinct genus of fork-tailed thelodont jawless fish (family Furcacaudidae) known from Early Devonian marine scales, type species C. grossi, from Arctic Canada, Russia, Spitsbergen, and Greenland.
Capelin
Capelin (Mallotus villosus) is a small semelparous pelagic forage fish of Arctic seas, key prey for cod, seabirds, and marine mammals; major stocks in the Barents Sea, Iceland-Greenland, Newfoundland, and Alaska, managed by escapement strategies.
Capoeta capoeta
Capoeta capoeta, the seven khramulya, is a 41 cm freshwater cyprinid barb of western and Central Asian rivers; plant-feeding, Least Concern, type of the Aralo-Caspian Capoeta group.
Carangidae
Carangidae, the jacks and pompanos (trevallies, amberjacks, scads), is a family of about 147 marine fish species in order Carangiformes, found in Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans, commercially important and taxonomically difficult.
Caranx hippos
Caranx hippos, the crevalle jack (also Scomber hippos), is a large Atlantic carangid gamefish reaching 124 cm and 32 kg, a schooling piscivore of continental shelves, IUCN Least Concern.
Caranx vinctus
Caranx vinctus (cocinero, striped jack, barred jack), a Carangidae jack of the tropical Eastern Pacific from Southern California to Peru; 37-38 cm max, coastal to 50 m, commercial fishery, IUCN Least Concern.
Carassius carassius
Carassius carassius, the crucian carp (basionym Cyprinus carassius), is a cyprinid fish of Europe and western Asia, anoxia-tolerant, farmed mainly in China, and declining in central Europe.
Carassius gibelio
Carassius gibelio, known as the Prussian carp, gibel carp, or silver crucian carp, is a freshwater cyprinid fish highly invasive in Europe and western Canada.
Carcharhiniformes
Carcharhiniformes (ground sharks), the largest shark order: 8 families, 51 genera, 337+ species including requiem sharks, hammerheads, tiger shark, and catsharks; diagnosed by nictitating lower eyelids, two spineless dorsal fins, and an anal fin.
Carcharhinus falciformis
Carcharhinus falciformis, the silky shark (Bibron, 1839), a circumtropical pelagic requiem shark up to 3.5 m, IUCN Vulnerable, CITES Appendix II since 2017, heavily fished for fins and tuna-fishery bycatch.
Carcharhinus perezii
Carcharhinus perezii, the Caribbean reef shark (also spelled C. perezi), a large requiem shark of western Atlantic coral reefs from North Carolina to Brazil; IUCN Endangered (2021), biennial reproduction, 3-6 pups, CITES Appendix II.
Carcharhinus plumbeus
Carcharhinus plumbeus, the sandbar shark, also called thickskin or brown shark, is a requiem shark up to 8 feet long found in coastal waters worldwide.
Carcharodon hastalis
Carcharodon hastalis, also called Isurus or Cosmopolitodus hastalis, is an extinct lamnid shark of the Miocene and Pliocene (about 20 to 3 million years ago) with smooth, unserrated teeth 2.5 to 7.5 cm tall, regarded by many as the ancestor of the great white shark.
Carp
Carp: freshwater cyprinid fishes, chiefly the common carp (Cyprinus carpio), the oldest domesticated farmed fish, native to Eurasia, plus invasive Asian carps (grass, silver, bighead, black) in North America.
Catfish
Catfish (order Siluriformes) are barbelled ray-finned fishes, about 4,000 valid species on every continent except Antarctica, named for whisker-like barbels and known for taste buds covering their entire body.
Catla (कतला)
Catla (Catla catla, कतला), giant river carp, one of the three Indian major carps of South Asia. A fast-growing surface-feeding zooplankton eater, farmed in polyculture across India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan; induced breeding since 1957 supplies its seed.
Catostomidae
Catostomidae, the suckers, is a Holarctic family of Cypriniformes freshwater fishes native to North America, China, and northeast Siberia, defined by thick fleshy inferior mouths, single-row pharyngeal teeth, tetraploidy, and about 35% threatened species.
Centrarchidae
Centrarchidae, the sunfishes and black basses (Lepomis, Micropterus, Pomoxis), is a North American freshwater fish family in Centrarchiformes, about 34-41 species, major sport fishes widely introduced worldwide.
Centrolophus niger
Centrolophus niger, the black ruff or rudderfish, is a large oceanic centrolophid fish of temperate Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Southern Hemisphere waters, reaching 150 cm, with juveniles near jellyfish at the surface and adults at 300-700 m.
Centropristis striata
Centropristis striata, black sea bass, is a western Atlantic serranid from Nova Scotia to the Gulf of Mexico, a protogynous hermaphrodite reaching 66 cm and 20 years, IUCN Least Concern, with a not-overfished Mid-Atlantic stock.
Cephalaspis
Cephalaspis, an extinct genus of armoured jawless osteostracan fish named by Agassiz in 1835 with type species C. lyelli from the Early Devonian Old Red Sandstone of Scotland; a wastebasket taxon revised in 2026 into four new genera.
Ceratioidei
Ceratioidei, the deep-sea anglerfishes, is a suborder of Lophiiformes with 11 families and about 162 species, defined by dwarfed parasitic males, bacterial bioluminescent lures, and bathypelagic habitats.
Channa
Channa (Asian snakeheads) is a genus of air-breathing freshwater predatory fish of family Channidae, native from Iran and South Asia to Siberia and Southeast Asia, with about 47 valid species in eight species groups and an African sister genus Parachanna.