168 articles
Expanded Disability Status Scale
The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) is a clinical rating scale quantifying disability in multiple sclerosis, scoring from 0 to 10 in 0.5 steps.
Eyeglass prescription
Eyeglass prescription: written spectacle lens order (sphere, cylinder, axis, add, prism, PD) from a refractive eye exam, issued by ophthalmologists or optometrists; distinct from contact lens prescriptions, US release rules, 2024 FTC amendments.
Ferriman–Gallwey score
The Ferriman–Gallwey score is a clinical scoring system that grades hair growth in nine androgen-sensitive body areas, quantifying hirsutism in women, mainly in PCOS diagnosis.
Fistula risk score
The fistula risk score (FRS) predicts the risk of a clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy, scoring pancreatic texture, pathology, duct diameter, and blood loss.
FLACC scale
The FLACC scale, standing for Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability, is an observational pain scale for infants and young children, scoring five behaviors from 0 to 10.
Forgotten Joint Score
The Forgotten Joint Score (FJS-12) is a 12-item patient questionnaire measuring how far a patient forgets an artificial joint after hip or knee arthroplasty, scored 0 to 100.
FRAIL scale
The FRAIL scale is a five-item self-report questionnaire screening older adults for physical frailty, proposed in 2008 and validated in 2012, requiring no physical examination.
Frailty score
A frailty score is a clinical assessment tool that quantifies an older patient's frailty to guide diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decisions, with over 50 instruments identified.
Full-field electroretinography
Full-field electroretinography (ffERG) is a clinical electrophysiological test recording the whole retina's electrical response to light flashes, separating rod from cone function to diagnose retinal dystrophies.
Functional Independence Measure
The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) is an 18-item rating scale used in rehabilitation medicine to quantify the assistance a person with a disability needs for daily activities.
Functional Status
Functional status is a health outcome describing how well a person can perform everyday tasks, from walking and concentrating to self-care activities like bathing, dressing, and eating.
Gensini score
The Gensini score is an angiographic index quantifying coronary artery disease severity from angiograms, weighting each stenosis by narrowing and segment importance, described by Goffredo Gensini in 1983.
Geriatric Depression Scale
The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a self-report questionnaire of yes/no items used to screen for depression in older adults, published in 1982 with a 30-item long form and a 15-item short form.
Glasgow Blatchford score
The Glasgow Blatchford score (GBS) is a clinical scoring system that predicts which patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding need transfusion, endoscopy, or surgery, and identifies low-risk patients suitable for outpatient management.
Glasgow Outcome Scale
The Glasgow Outcome Scale is a five-category clinical scale rating recovery after brain injury, from death through disability to good recovery, widely used in trials.
Glasgow prognostic score
The Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) is a clinical scoring system combining C-reactive protein and albumin to grade systemic inflammation and predict survival in cancer and other diseases.
Global Assessment of Functioning
Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF): 1-100 clinician-rated Axis V scale of DSM-III-R/DSM-IV for psychological, social, and occupational functioning; removed from DSM-5 in 2013 in favor of WHODAS 2.0; known for reliability and validity problems.
GRACE risk score
The GRACE risk score is a clinical prediction tool estimating the risk of death in acute coronary syndrome, used to select high-risk patients for early invasive treatment.
Grimace scale
A grimace scale is an observational pain measure scoring facial expressions in nonverbal subjects like laboratory animals; the first, the Mouse Grimace Scale, was described in 2010.
Gross Motor Function Classification System
The Gross Motor Function Classification System, or GMFCS, is a five-level scale classifying how children with cerebral palsy sit and walk, introduced by Robert Palisano and colleagues in 1997.
Hand Function Test
The Hand Function Test, known as the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test, times seven simulated daily tasks per hand to measure hand function in stroke, arthritis, and hand injury.
Harris hip score
The Harris hip score is a clinical rating scale scoring pain, function, range of motion, and deformity after hip surgery, introduced by William H. Harris in 1969.
HEART score
The HEART score is a bedside risk tool for emergency department chest pain patients, scoring History, ECG, Age, Risk factors, and Troponin to predict major cardiac events within 6 weeks.
Henk Lamberts
Henk Lamberts was a Dutch general practitioner and professor at the University of Amsterdam, internationally known as the leading developer of the International Classification of Primary Care.
Hospital frailty risk score
The Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) is a frailty score calculated from routine hospital ICD-10 codes, introduced by Thomas Gilbert and colleagues in The Lancet in 2018.
ICD-10
ICD-10 is the WHO's Tenth Revision disease classification, adopted 1990, effective 1993; the US uses ICD-10-CM (diagnoses) and ICD-10-PCS (procedures) since October 1, 2015, with ICD-11 effective 2022.
Impedance manometry
Impedance manometry is a diagnostic technique that combines manometry with electrical impedance on a single catheter. It is used to evaluate dysphagia and reflux disease.
Injury Severity Score
The Injury Severity Score (ISS) is a trauma scoring system introduced in 1974 that squares the worst Abbreviated Injury Scale grades in three body regions to predict mortality.
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is the World Health Organization's classification for describing and measuring functioning and disability, endorsed by all 191 Member States in 2001.
International Prognostic Index
The International Prognostic Index (IPI) is a five-factor clinical scoring system, published in 1993, that predicts survival in aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma, especially diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.