75 articles
Pancreatography
Pancreatography is the imaging of the pancreatic ducts, performed either by injecting contrast during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or by noninvasive magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP).
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) is an imaging procedure in which a needle passed through the skin and liver into the bile ducts delivers contrast for X-ray imaging.
Peripheral angiography
Peripheral angiography is a fluoroscopy-guided procedure in which catheter-injected iodinated contrast X-rays arteries outside the heart, most often leg arteries in suspected peripheral artery disease.
Pneumoencephalography
Pneumoencephalography (PEG), a historical brain-imaging technique introduced by Walter Dandy in 1919 and independently by Adolf Bingel, replaced cerebrospinal fluid with air via lumbar puncture to X-ray the ventricles; CT made it obsolete in the 1970s.
Pneumoradiography
Pneumoradiography, also called insufflation or negative contrast radiography, is X-ray imaging using air, oxygen, or another gas as contrast medium; a MeSH descriptor (D011029, 1974) covering historical techniques like pneumoencephalography.
Portography
Portography: radiographic imaging of the portal venous system after contrast injection; direct (splenic, transhepatic, transjugular) or indirect arterial techniques, historically central to portal hypertension, now mainly interventional.
Pulmonary angiography
Pulmonary angiography is an invasive imaging procedure that injects contrast into the pulmonary arteries to diagnose embolism; once the gold standard, it has largely been replaced by CT angiography.
Pyelogram
A pyelogram is an X-ray image of the renal pelvis and urinary collecting system taken after contrast material fills it, used to evaluate stones, obstruction, and hematuria.
Retrograde urethrogram
A retrograde urethrogram (RUG) is a fluoroscopic exam in which iodinated contrast is injected backward into the urethra, the gold standard for diagnosing and staging urethral strictures.
Sialography
Sialography is a radiographic technique in which iodinated contrast is injected retrograde into the parotid or submandibular duct to show stones, strictures, and ductal anatomy.
Tyropanoic acid
Tyropanoic acid (tyropanoate, Bilopaque), a triiodinated oral X-ray contrast medium for cholecystography, synthesized 1962 from iopanoic acid, FDA-approved 1969, now discontinued.
Urethrography
Urethrography is the radiographic imaging of the urethra with iodinated contrast, performed retrograde or during voiding, and remains the gold standard for diagnosing and staging urethral strictures and injuries.
Urography
Urography is a set of imaging methods visualizing the kidneys, ureters, and bladder to diagnose urinary tract disease. CTU has largely replaced IVU, while MRU remains an alternative.
Videofluoroscopy
Videofluoroscopy is a real-time X-ray imaging method in which fluoroscopy is video-recorded to view moving internal structures, best known for the modified barium swallow study of swallowing.
Voiding cystourethrography
Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) is a fluoroscopic X-ray exam in which iodinated contrast fills the bladder to detect vesicoureteral reflux, chiefly in children, and remains the gold standard.