128 articles
Abdominal wall hernia repair
Abdominal wall hernia repair is surgery to close a hernia defect, usually with mesh, using open techniques like the Lichtenstein repair or laparoscopic TAPP and TEP approaches.
Abdominal Wound Closure Techniques
Abdominal wound closure techniques cover suture methods and materials for laparotomy closure. Key standard: continuous small-bites aponeurotic closure with slowly absorbable monofilament suture, 4:1 suture-to-wound ratio, reducing incisional hernia versus large bites.
Abdominoperineal resection
Abdominoperineal resection is an operation for low rectal cancer that removes the rectum, anal sphincters, and anus through abdominal and perineal incisions, leaving a permanent colostomy.
Adhesiolysis
Adhesiolysis is a surgical operation that cuts adhesions, the fibrous scar bands binding abdominal or pelvic organs after surgery or inflammation, chiefly to treat adhesive small bowel obstruction.
Adrenalectomy
Adrenalectomy is the surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands, performed to cure hormone overproduction or remove suspicious masses, usually by minimally invasive surgery.
Anorectoplasty
Anorectoplasty is surgery that creates a new anus and pulls the rectum down to it, treating children born with anorectal malformations; the standard technique is posterior sagittal anorectoplasty.
Anti-reflux surgery
Anti-reflux surgery is a group of operations, most often fundoplication wrapping the stomach around the esophagus, that reinforce the gastroesophageal junction to treat GERD when medication fails.
Antireflux surgery
Antireflux surgery is a group of operations, chiefly fundoplication, that reinforce the gastroesophageal barrier to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease when proton pump inhibitor therapy fails.
Berkeley Moynihan, 1st Baron Moynihan
Berkeley Moynihan, 1st Baron Moynihan (1865–1936), was a British abdominal surgeon who made Leeds an international surgical center and helped found the British Journal of Surgery.
Biliopancreatic diversion
Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) is a bariatric operation combining partial stomach removal with intestinal bypass for malabsorption, first reported by Nicola Scopinaro in 1979 and now under 2% of procedures.
Billroth I reconstruction
Billroth I reconstruction is a gastroduodenostomy joining the duodenum to the gastric remnant after distal gastrectomy, preserving duodenal food passage; first performed in 1881, it remains a mainstay reconstruction in Japan.
Billroth II reconstruction
Billroth II reconstruction is a surgical technique after distal gastrectomy in which the duodenal stump is closed and the stomach remnant is joined to the jejunum.
Bowel resection
Bowel resection is surgery that removes a diseased segment of the small intestine, colon, or rectum and rejoins the ends, done for cancer, Crohn's disease, obstruction, or trauma.
Cecostomy
Cecostomy, or C tube, is a surgical opening into the cecum through the abdominal wall, used to decompress an obstructed colon or to deliver antegrade enemas for fecal incontinence and refractory constipation, first described in 1710.
Colonic Pouches
Colonic pouches (ileal pouches, J-pouch, Kock pouch) are internal reservoirs made from ileum to replace the colon and rectum after restorative proctocolectomy, mainly for ulcerative colitis and FAP, pioneered by Kock in 1969 and Parks and Nicholls in 1978.
Colorectal resection
Colorectal resection is a surgical operation in which part or all of the colon or rectum is removed, to treat colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, diverticulitis, and volvulus.
Colorectal Surgical Procedures
Colorectal surgical procedures, also called Surgical Procedures, Colorectal (MeSH D000099090), are operations on the colon, rectum, and anal canal, including colectomy, proctectomy, and IPAA, performed open, laparoscopically, or robotically.
Component separation technique
The component separation technique (CST) is a surgical method in abdominal wall reconstruction that releases and advances abdominal muscle-fascia layers to close large midline hernia defects without bridging prosthetic material.
D2 lymphadenectomy
D2 lymphadenectomy is the surgical removal of the stomach's regional lymph nodes to a defined second echelon during gastrectomy for gastric cancer, standard in Japanese guidelines and high-volume European centers.
Diaphragmatic hernia repair
Diaphragmatic hernia repair is surgery that returns abdominal organs displaced into the chest to the abdomen and closes the diaphragm, most often in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
Digestive surgery
Digestive surgery: operative treatment of digestive tract and associated organs; also Digestive Surgery (Dig Surg), Karger journal for gastrointestinal surgeons founded 1984, official journal of the Collegium Internationale Chirurgiae Digestivae and European Digestive Surgery.
Digestive System Surgical Procedures
Digestive system surgical procedures (MeSH E04.210): operations on the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas, performed open, laparoscopically, or robot-assisted, with ERAS perioperative care protocols.
Distal gastrectomy
Distal gastrectomy is an operation that removes the lower portion of the stomach, including the pylorus, performed mainly for gastric cancer of the middle or lower stomach.
Diverting ileostomy
A diverting ileostomy is a temporary surgical stoma that diverts stool away from a distal bowel anastomosis, usually after rectal resection, reducing leaks but often never being closed.
Double tract reconstruction
Double tract reconstruction is a surgical reconstruction after proximal or total gastrectomy that routes food through two pathways, preserving duodenal transit and reducing reflux esophagitis compared with esophagogastrostomy.
Duodenal switch
The duodenal switch (BPD-DS) is a bariatric operation combining sleeve gastrectomy with intestinal bypass, giving the greatest weight loss and diabetes remission among standard procedures.
Duodenectomy
Duodenectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the duodenum, the first section of the small intestine, performed for tumors, trauma, and duodenal polyposis in familial adenomatous polyposis.
Duodenostomy
Duodenostomy is a surgically created opening into the duodenum, made by placing a tube through the duodenal wall to decompress the lumen, protect a repair suture line, or drain a perforation.
End-to-side anastomosis
End-to-side anastomosis is a surgical technique that joins the end of one vessel or bowel segment to a window in the side of another, preserving distal blood flow.
Enterostomy
An enterostomy is a surgical connection between a segment of the gastrointestinal tract and the abdominal wall skin, created for fecal diversion; more than 130,000 intestinal stomas are created yearly in the United States.