128 articles
Ileocolic resection
Ileocolic resection is a surgical operation removing the terminal ileum, ileocecal valve, cecum, and part of the ascending colon, mainly to treat localized ileocecal Crohn's disease.
Ileocolonic anastomosis
An ileocolonic anastomosis is a surgical connection between the ileum and the colon, restoring intestinal continuity after right hemicolectomy, most often for cancer and Crohn's disease.
Ileorectal anastomosis
An ileorectal anastomosis (IRA) is surgery that removes the entire colon and joins the small intestine to the retained rectum, avoiding a stoma; it is used mainly for ulcerative colitis, familial adenomatous polyposis, and slow-transit constipation.
Incisional hernia repair
Incisional hernia repair is surgery to close and reinforce a hernia that developed at a previous abdominal incision site, using sutures, mesh, or both, with mesh repair preferred for larger defects.
Intersphincteric resection
Intersphincteric resection (ISR) is an operation for very low rectal cancer that removes the rectum and part of the internal anal sphincter, avoiding a permanent colostomy.
Interval appendectomy
Interval appendectomy is the planned, elective removal of the appendix 8 to 12 weeks after complicated appendicitis, such as an appendiceal abscess, was treated successfully without immediate surgery.
Intestinal anastomosis
Intestinal anastomosis is a surgical connection between two segments of intestine, a procedure where leakage rates are reported to vary between 3 and 20 percent.
Intestinal resection
Intestinal resection is the surgical removal of a diseased segment of small intestine or colon with the ends reconnected, performed for cancer, Crohn's disease, obstruction, ischemia, and perforation.
Ivor Lewis esophagectomy
Ivor Lewis esophagectomy is a two-stage operation for esophageal cancer that removes the esophagus through the abdomen and right chest, joining the stomach to it inside the chest.
Jejunoileal Bypass
Jejunoileal bypass (JIB), also called jejuno-ileal or ileojejunal bypass, was the first bariatric operation (1954), joining proximal jejunum to distal ileum; abandoned by 1980 for renal failure, liver failure, and malnutrition.
Jejunostomy
A jejunostomy is a surgically or endoscopically created opening from the abdominal wall into the jejunum, used for long-term enteral feeding when the stomach cannot be used.
Laparoscopic adrenalectomy
Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is a minimally invasive operation that removes one or both adrenal glands through small abdominal incisions, first reported in 1992 and now the preferred approach for most benign adrenal tumors.
Laparoscopic appendectomy
Laparoscopic appendectomy is a minimally invasive operation that removes an inflamed appendix through small incisions using a camera, and is the standard surgical treatment for appendicitis.
Laparoscopic hernia repair
Laparoscopic hernia repair is a minimally invasive operation that reinforces the abdominal wall through small incisions, a camera, and prosthetic mesh, used mainly for inguinal hernias and also for ventral and incisional hernias.
Lateral internal sphincterotomy
Lateral internal sphincterotomy, also called internal anal sphincterotomy, is surgery that divides part of the internal anal sphincter to lower anal pressure and heal a chronic anal fissure.
Left colectomy
Left colectomy is an operation that removes the left portion of the colon, typically for cancer or diverticular disease, with splenic flexure mobilization as its key challenge.
Lichtenstein repair
The Lichtenstein repair is an open, tension-free operation for inguinal hernia that places polypropylene mesh over the inguinal canal floor; it is the most commonly used repair.
Lichtenstein technique
The Lichtenstein technique is an open inguinal hernia repair in which flat synthetic mesh reinforces the groin floor without tension, described by Irving Lichtenstein in 1989.
McKeown esophagectomy
The McKeown esophagectomy is a three-incision operation removing the esophagus through neck, chest, and abdomen, rebuilding continuity with a stomach tube, used mainly for esophageal cancer.
Mesh hernioplasty
Mesh hernioplasty is the repair of an abdominal wall hernia by reinforcing the defect with synthetic or biologic mesh, so the closure is tension-free rather than sewn tissue alone.
Mesh rectopexy
Mesh rectopexy is a surgical operation that uses a strip of synthetic or biological mesh to fix the rectum to the sacral promontory, treating rectal prolapse.
Midline laparotomy
A midline laparotomy is an operation that opens the abdomen through a vertical incision along the linea alba, giving rapid access to the whole abdominal cavity.
Myotomy
Myotomy, including cricopharyngeal myotomy, is a surgical operation that divides sphincter muscle to relieve obstruction, performed openly or endoscopically in forms such as Heller myotomy, POEM, and pyloromyotomy.
Omentectomy
Omentectomy is surgery to remove all or part of the greater omentum, the fatty apron of tissue hanging from the stomach, performed mainly during cancer surgery.
Onlay mesh repair
Onlay mesh repair is a ventral hernia repair technique in which prosthetic mesh is placed over the closed abdominal wall fascia, reinforcing a tension-free primary closure.
Open appendectomy
Open appendectomy is the removal of an inflamed appendix through a single incision in the right lower abdomen, typically at the McBurney point, now used when laparoscopy is unsuitable.
Open inguinal hernia repair
Open inguinal hernia repair corrects a groin hernia through a groin incision, usually reinforcing the inguinal canal's posterior wall with synthetic mesh, most often by the Lichtenstein technique.
Open ventral hernia repair
Open ventral hernia repair is a surgical procedure that fixes abdominal wall hernias, including incisional hernias, through a direct incision closed and reinforced with mesh.
Paraesophageal hernia repair
Paraesophageal hernia repair is a surgical operation that returns the stomach and other herniated organs from the chest into the abdomen and closes the diaphragmatic hiatus, usually done laparoscopically.
Parastomal hernia repair
Parastomal hernia repair is a surgical procedure correcting herniation of abdominal contents through the fascial defect around an intestinal stoma, most often with mesh reinforcement, performed open, laparoscopically, or robotically.