128 articles
Enterotomy
An enterotomy is a surgical incision into the small intestine, performed to remove a foreign body, gallstone, or bezoar that cannot pass or be removed endoscopically.
Esophagectomy
Esophagectomy is an operation that removes part or all of the esophagus, usually to treat esophageal cancer, rebuilding continuity with a stomach tube or a segment of intestine.
Esophagogastric anastomosis
Esophagogastric anastomosis is a surgical connection between the remaining esophagus and a stomach fashioned into a conduit, restoring upper gastrointestinal continuity after esophagectomy; it may be hand-sewn or stapled, in the neck or chest.
Esophagojejunostomy
Esophagojejunostomy is a surgical anastomosis joining the esophagus to the jejunum, performed chiefly to restore digestive tract continuity after total gastrectomy, usually in the Roux-en-Y configuration.
Esophagoplasty
Esophagoplasty is surgical reconstruction of the esophagus, typically after esophagectomy, using gastric, jejunal, colonic, or ileocolonic conduits when the stomach is unavailable; first jejunal replacement by Roux in 1907, first colonic by Kelling and Vulliet in 1911.
Esophagostomy
Esophagostomy, also known as cervical esophagostomy, is a surgical procedure creating an opening between the esophagus and the skin, usually in the lower neck, for salivary diversion or feeding.
Exploratory laparotomy
Exploratory laparotomy is an open surgical exploration of the abdomen through a midline incision, both diagnostic and therapeutic, most often performed as an emergency for bleeding, perforation, or trauma.
Extracorporeal anastomosis
Extracorporeal anastomosis is a surgical technique in which two segments of intestine are joined outside the body during laparoscopic or robotic surgery, most often after removal of part of the colon.
Extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair
Extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair is a surgical technique that places mesh in the preperitoneal groin space without opening the peritoneal cavity, including the laparoscopic TEP repair.
Fistulectomy
Fistulectomy is a surgical operation for anal fistula in which the entire fistula tract is excised over a probe, rather than laid open as in fistulotomy.
Fistulotomy
Fistulotomy is a surgical procedure that cuts open a fistula tract along its full length so the wound drains and heals; it is the standard operation for simple anal fistulas.
Fundoplication
Fundoplication is an operation in which the upper stomach is wrapped around the lower esophagus to reinforce the sphincter against reflux, the main surgery for GERD and hiatal hernia.
Gastrectomy
Gastrectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the stomach, most often serving as curative treatment for gastric adenocarcinoma, performed through various methods.
Gastroenterostomy
A gastroenterostomy, including guided gastroenterostomy, is a surgical or endoscopic connection between the stomach and small intestine that bypasses the duodenum to treat gastric outlet obstruction.
Gastrojejunostomy
Gastrojejunostomy is a surgical or endoscopic connection between the stomach and jejunum that bypasses the pylorus and duodenum, used for gastric outlet obstruction from ulcers, pancreatitis, or cancer, and as part of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
Gastropexy
Gastropexy is a surgical procedure that permanently attaches the stomach to the abdominal wall, used in dogs to prevent gastric dilatation–volvulus and in humans for gastric volvulus.
Gastroplasty
Gastroplasty is an operation that partitions the stomach into a small pouch, used for weight loss via Vertical Banded Gastroplasty (VBG) or to lengthen a shortened esophagus.
Gastrostomy
Gastrostomy is the creation of an opening through the abdominal wall into the stomach, most often to place a feeding tube for long-term enteral nutrition in patients with swallowing difficulty.
Groin hernia repair
Groin hernia repair is surgery to close a groin defect, usually an inguinal hernia, most often with mesh; over 800,000 repairs are done yearly in the United States.
Hartmann's procedure
Hartmann's procedure is an emergency colorectal operation that removes the diseased sigmoid colon and upper rectum, closes the rectal stump, and brings the proximal colon out as an end colostomy.
Heller myotomy
Heller myotomy is a surgical operation for achalasia that divides the lower esophageal sphincter muscle, usually laparoscopically, relieving swallowing difficulty in 90 to 95% of patients.
Hemicolectomy
A hemicolectomy is an operation in which a segment of the colon is removed, most often to treat colon cancer, together with the mesentery and lymph nodes that drain it.
Hemorrhoidectomy
Hemorrhoidectomy is the surgical excision of hemorrhoidal tissue, considered the gold standard for grade III–IV hemorrhoids; its main variants are the closed Ferguson technique and the open Milligan–Morgan operation.
Hernia mesh repair
Hernia mesh repair is a surgical technique that reinforces abdominal wall hernia closure with synthetic or biologic mesh, allowing tension-free repair that roughly halves recurrence versus suture repair and is standard for inguinal hernias.
Hernioplasty
Hernioplasty is the surgical repair of a hernia, usually inguinal, in which the abdominal wall defect is reinforced with prosthetic mesh rather than sutured tissue.
Herniorrhaphy
Herniorrhaphy is the surgical repair of a hernia by stitching the defect closed with the patient's own tissue, without mesh, now largely replaced by mesh hernioplasty.
Herniotomy
Herniotomy is a surgical operation in which the hernial sac is excised and ligated at its neck, and it is the standard curative procedure for inguinal hernia in children.
Hiatal hernia repair
Hiatal hernia repair is surgery that pulls a stomach herniated through the diaphragm back into the abdomen, narrows the hiatus, and usually adds a fundoplication to restore the antireflux barrier.
Ileal pouch–anal anastomosis
Ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA), or restorative proctocolectomy, removes the colon and rectum and joins an ileal reservoir to the anus, avoiding a permanent stoma; it is the gold standard for ulcerative colitis and FAP.
Ileocecal resection
Ileocecal resection, also called ileocecectomy, is surgery removing the terminal ileum, ileocecal valve, cecum, and appendix as one unit, then reconnecting the bowel; Crohn's disease is the most common indication.