76 articles
Single spontaneous delivery
Single spontaneous delivery (ICD-11 JB20; ICD-10 O80): birth of one neonate by unassisted, nonoperative vaginal delivery without induction, instruments, or cesarean; subcategories JB20.0 vertex and JB20.1 breech.
Staging laparotomy
A staging laparotomy is an operation opening the abdomen to inspect and biopsy cancer directly, converting clinical stage into pathologic stage based on tissue findings.
Supracervical hysterectomy
Supracervical hysterectomy is an operation that removes the uterine corpus while leaving the cervix in place, used mainly for benign disorders such as fibroids and abnormal bleeding.
Symphysiotomy
Symphysiotomy: surgical partial division of the pubic symphysis to widen the pelvis during obstructed childbirth, an alternative to caesarean section; proposed by Sigault in 1768, now rarely performed, with controversy over complications and its non-consensual use in Ireland 1944-1984.
Therapeutic abortion
Therapeutic abortion is the intentional termination of a pregnancy that endangers the woman's health or life, or in which the fetus has a condition incompatible with normal life.
Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (TAH-BSO) is an open surgical procedure removing the uterus, cervix, both ovaries, and both fallopian tubes, usually for fibroids or cancer.
Total laparoscopic hysterectomy
Total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) is a minimally invasive operation removing the uterus and cervix entirely with laparoscopic instruments through small abdominal incisions, first performed in 1988 by Harry Reich.
Trachelectomy
Trachelectomy, also known as vaginal trachelectomy, is an operation that removes the uterine cervix to treat early cervical cancer while preserving the uterus for future pregnancy.
Trial of labor
A trial of labor is a planned attempt to deliver vaginally after a previous cesarean, undertaken with monitoring and staffing for prompt cesarean; success is called VBAC.
Tuboplasty
Tuboplasty is surgery that restores patency and function of the fallopian tubes in women with tubal-factor infertility, by rejoining obstructed segments, opening blocked ends, or freeing adhesions.
Uterine balloon tamponade
Uterine balloon tamponade is a procedure that controls severe postpartum hemorrhage by inflating a fluid-filled balloon inside the uterus, recommended by the World Health Organization.
Vacuum extraction
Vacuum extraction is an assisted vaginal delivery in which a suction cup on the baby's scalp applies traction during the second stage of labor, now more common than forceps in the United States.
Vaginal birth after cesarean
Vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC), also called vaginal delivery following previous caesarean section, is vaginal birth after a prior cesarean, attempted via trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC); success rates run 60-80%, with uterine rupture under 1% as the main risk.
Vaginal hysterectomy
Vaginal hysterectomy is the removal of the uterus and cervix through the vagina, without abdominal incision; it is the preferred route whenever feasible, offering less pain and faster recovery.
Vaginectomy
Vaginectomy is a gynecologic operation that removes part or all of the vaginal tissue, most often to treat vaginal cancer, precancerous lesions, or selected recurrent gynecologic malignancy.
Vulvectomy
Vulvectomy is surgery that removes part or all of the vulva, performed mainly to treat vulvar cancer; it ranges from simple vulvectomy to radical forms with groin node dissection.