640 articles
3SBio long-acting erythropoiesis-stimulating agent
罗赛促红素α (新比澳, SSS06/rESP) is 3SBio's long-acting erythropoiesis-stimulating agent, a high-glycosylated recombinant EPO with a 120-hour half-life, approved by NMPA in March 2026 for anemia of chronic kidney disease in hemodialysis patients, dosed intravenously every two weeks.
5yrGH study
5yrGH (NCT00462475), Effect of 5 Years of GH Replacement on Atherosclerosis, a phase 4 observational study at Federico II University, Naples, led by Annamaria Colao, showing 5 years of GH replacement reduced carotid IMT and insulin-resistance syndrome in men with severe GHD.
Abaloparatide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos, Eladynos), a PTHrP(1-34) analog PTH1-receptor agonist, is an anabolic osteoporosis drug given as 80 mcg daily subcutaneous injection, FDA-approved 2017, EU 2022.
Abarelix
Abarelix (Plenaxis), a GnRH antagonist by Praecis, gave injection-based testosterone suppression without surge for advanced prostate cancer; FDA approved November 25, 2003 with restricted distribution, withdrawn from the US market after anaphylaxis risk.
ABP-671
ABP-671 (lingdolinurad) is an oral URAT1 inhibitor by Atom Therapeutics for gout and hyperuricemia, showing superior serum uric acid lowering versus febuxostat in Phase 2b and entering Phase 3 in China and globally.
Acadesine
Acadesine (AICA-riboside, AICAr) is a purine nucleoside AMPK activator and adenosine-regulating agent; developed for CABG cardioprotection, failed phase 3 RED-CABG, orphan-designated for CLL and myeloma.
ACE inhibitor
ACE inhibitors are drugs blocking angiotensin-converting enzyme to treat hypertension and heart failure; developed from Bothrops jararaca venom peptides, first drug captopril (1981), followed by enalapril, lisinopril, ramipril.
Acetazolamide
Acetazolamide (Diamox) is a sulfonamide carbonic anhydrase inhibitor discovered in 1950, FDA-approved for epilepsy in 1953, used for glaucoma, edema, epilepsy, and acute mountain sickness prevention; common side effects include paraesthesias, dysgeusia, polyuria, and fatigue.
Acetohexamide
Acetohexamide (Dymelor, Cyclamide) is a first-generation, intermediate-acting oral sulfonylurea for type 2 diabetes, metabolized to the more potent active metabolite hydroxyhexamide; discontinued in the US market.
Acetyldigitoxin
Acetyldigitoxin (Acylanid, alpha-acetyldigitoxin) is a cardiac glycoside, an acetyl derivative of digitoxin prepared from lanatoside A of Digitalis lanata, used for fast digitalization in heart failure and rate control in atrial arrhythmias; ATC C01AA01, now discontinued.
Acipimox
Acipimox (Olbetam), a synthetic nicotinic acid derivative, inhibits adipose lipolysis to lower free fatty acids and triglycerides; EU use is restricted to adjunctive or alternative treatment of hypertriglyceridaemia.
Acoramidis
Acoramidis, sold as Attruby and Beyonttra, is an oral transthyretin stabilizer developed by BridgeBio Pharma and approved in November 2024 for cardiomyopathy from transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis.
Aficamten tablets
Aficamten tablets (阿夫凯泰片), sold as MYQORZO, are an oral cardiac myosin inhibitor from Cytokinetics for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, approved in China in 2025 as the second drug in its class after mavacamten.
Albiglutide
Albiglutide (Eperzan, Tanzeum) is a once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist, a GLP-1 dimer fused to albumin, for type 2 diabetes; approved 2014, shown superior to placebo for cardiovascular events, withdrawn commercially in 2018.
Aleglitazar
Aleglitazar: Roche's dual PPARα/γ agonist (C24H23NO5S) for type 2 diabetes; improved HbA1c and lipids but AleCardio phase III (7,226 patients) stopped July 2013 for futility and renal, bleeding, heart-failure signals.
Aleniglipron
Aleniglipron (GSBR-1290) is Structure Therapeutics' oral, once-daily, non-peptide small-molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist for obesity; phase 2 ACCESS trials showed up to 16.3% placebo-adjusted weight loss at 44 weeks, with phase 3 planned for 2026.
Alfuzosin
Alfuzosin (Uroxatral, Xatral) is a quinazoline alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist for benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms; 10 mg once-daily extended-release tablet, FDA approved 2003, no dose titration, not for hypertension.
Allisartan isoproxil
Allisartan isoproxil (阿利沙坦酯, Xinlitang) is China's first domestically developed class 1.1 ARB antihypertensive, dosed 240 mg daily, activated to EXP3174 by gut esterases, marketed by Shenzhen Salubris since 2013.
Allopurinol
Allopurinol is an oral xanthine oxidase inhibitor, also called Zyloprim, approved in 1966 for gout, cancer-therapy hyperuricemia, and hyperuricosuric kidney stones; dosing is titrated to urate targets with HLA-B*58:01 testing advised in some groups.
Alogliptin
Alogliptin (Nesina, Vipidia; code SYR-322) is Takeda's once-daily DPP-4 inhibitor for type 2 diabetes, FDA-approved January 25, 2013, dosed 25 mg daily with renal adjustments, with cardiovascular safety shown in the EXAMINE trial.
Alpha blocker
Alpha blockers (alpha-adrenergic antagonists) are drugs blocking alpha-1 receptors, used as second-line hypertension therapy and first-line drugs for BPH; examples include tamsulosin, silodosin, doxazosin, terazosin, alfuzosin, and prazosin.
Alpha-adrenergic agonist
Alpha-adrenergic agonists are drugs stimulating α1 receptors (phenylephrine, vasoconstriction, reflex bradycardia) or α2/imidazoline receptors (clonidine, lowered sympathetic outflow, sedation), used as vasopressors, decongestants, and antihypertensives.
Ambrisentan
Ambrisentan (Letairis, Volibris) is an oral, ETA-selective endothelin receptor antagonist approved in 2007 for pulmonary arterial hypertension WHO FC II-III; once-daily 5-10 mg dosing, low liver toxicity, edema risk, REMS removed 2025.
Amiloride
Amiloride, a potassium-sparing diuretic and ENaC pore blocker (IC50 ~100 nM) acting in the distal nephron; FDA-approved 1981, used with thiazides for hypokalemia prevention, main risk hyperkalemia.
Amiodarone
Amiodarone (Cordarone) is a plant-derived, iodine-rich class III antiarrhythmic drug developed in Belgium in the 1960s as an antianginal agent, FDA-approved in 1985, used for ventricular arrhythmias and atrial fibrillation but limited by pulmonary, thyroid, hepatic, and cardiac toxicity.
Amlodipine
Amlodipine, a long-acting Pfizer-developed dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (besylate tablets, US approval 1987), treats hypertension and angina at 5-10 mg once daily; slow receptor binding, dose-related edema, reduced stroke risk versus other regimens.
Amoproxan
Amoproxan (CERM 730, CAS 22661-76-3) is a withdrawn INN coronary vasodilator and antianginal drug, a trimethoxybenzoate ester with a morpholine ring, C22H35NO7, withdrawn after about a year for skin and sensory toxicity.
Anacetrapib
Anacetrapib (MK-0859) is an investigational Merck CETP inhibitor that lowers LDL and raises HDL cholesterol, reduced cardiovascular events in the 30,449-patient REVEAL trial, but accumulates in adipose tissue and was never submitted for approval.
Anagestone acetate
Anagestone acetate (Anatropin, ORF-1658), a synthetic pregnane progestin introduced in 1968 in a combined oral contraceptive with mestranol, withdrawn worldwide by 1970 after beagle dog mammary tumor findings.
Anagliptin
Anagliptin (Beskoa, Suiny) is a highly selective DPP-4 inhibitor approved and launched in Japan in 2012 for type 2 diabetes, dosed 200 mg twice daily, with LDL-C-lowering effects and few adverse events.