640 articles
Ancrod
Ancrod (Arvin, Viprinex) is a thrombin-like enzyme from Malayan pit viper venom that defibrinogenates blood by cleaving fibrinopeptide A; tested for acute ischemic stroke in STAT and ESTAT trials, never US-approved, production discontinued in 2002.
Androgen therapy
Androgen therapy is the medical administration of androgen hormones, most often testosterone, to restore normal levels and relieve symptoms of androgen deficiency, chiefly male hypogonadism.
Angiotensin II receptor blocker
Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) is a class of drugs called sartans that lowers blood pressure by blocking angiotensin II receptors. The first was losartan, approved in 1995.
Anisindione
Anisindione (Miradon) is a synthetic oral anticoagulant of the indanedione class that acts as a vitamin K antagonist. It was approved in 1957 and is discontinued.
Anistreplase
Anistreplase (APSAC, Eminase) is an acylated streptokinase-lys-plasminogen thrombolytic complex, given as a 30-unit IV bolus over 2-5 minutes, half-life about 90 minutes, FDA approved 1989 for acute myocardial infarction.
Anivamersen
Anivamersen (RB007, R01J) is an oligonucleotide antidote that reverses the factor IXa-inhibiting RNA aptamer pegnivacogin in the REG1 anticoagulation system; its phase 3 REGULATE-PCI trial was stopped early for allergic reactions.
Antenatal corticosteroid therapy
Antenatal corticosteroid therapy gives betamethasone or dexamethasone to pregnant women at high risk of preterm delivery to speed fetal lung maturation, cutting neonatal death and respiratory disease by roughly 30 to 50 percent.
Anticoagulation reversal
Anticoagulation reversal is the use of specific antidotes and blood products to counteract anticoagulant drugs in major bleeding or before urgent surgery, using agents like idarucizumab and 4F-PCC.
Antithrombin iii human
Antithrombin III (human), also called AT III or antithrombin concentrate, is an intravenous plasma-derived serpin drug (Thrombate III, Atenativ) that treats and prevents thromboembolism in hereditary antithrombin deficiency; heparin boosts its activity about 1000-fold.
AP306
AP306 (EOS-789) is an oral first-in-class pan phosphate transporter inhibitor blocking NaPi-IIb, PiT-1, and PiT-2, developed by R1 Therapeutics and Alebund for hyperphosphatemia in dialysis patients, now in a global Phase 2b trial.
Apabetalone
Apabetalone (RVX-208, RVX-000222) is Resverlogix's investigational BD2-selective BET protein inhibitor for atherosclerosis and diabetes; its phase 3 BETonMACE trial missed the primary MACE endpoint but reduced heart failure hospitalization.
Aprocitentan
Aprocitentan (ACT-132577; Tryvio, Jeraygo) is an oral dual ETA/ETB endothelin receptor antagonist, active metabolite of macitentan, approved 2024 for resistant hypertension; PRECISION trial showed -3.8 mm Hg office systolic BP benefit versus placebo, main side effect edema.
Ardeparin sodium
Ardeparin sodium (Normiflo) is a low-molecular-weight heparin made by peroxidative depolymerization of unfractionated heparin, mean MW about 6000 Da, anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio about 2; US NDA 20-227, withdrawn in 2001 at the manufacturer's request.
Arimoclomol
Arimoclomol (Miplyffa, formerly Meplyffa in Europe) is a hydroxylamine heat shock protein 70 co-inducer; FDA approved it September 20, 2024 as the first drug for Niemann-Pick disease type C, with miglustat, ages 2+; EMA refused EU approval in 2026.
Arotinolol
Arotinolol (アロチノロール, Almarl, S-596) is a Japanese third-generation combined alpha/beta-adrenergic blocker (Sumitomo, 1985) used for hypertension, angina, arrhythmia, and essential tremor, with beta potency about eight times its alpha blockade.
Arzoxifene
Arzoxifene (LY353381), an Eli Lilly benzothiophene SERM related to raloxifene, was tested for breast cancer and osteoporosis; inferior to tamoxifen in phase III and never marketed.
ASC30
ASC30 is Ascletis' investigational small-molecule GLP-1R biased agonist (no beta-arrestin recruitment) for obesity and diabetes, dosed once daily orally and once monthly subcutaneously; Phase II showed 7.7% placebo-adjusted weight loss at 13 weeks.
ASP1128
ASP1128 (MA-0217) is Astellas/Mitobridge's intravenous selective PPARδ modulator for acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery; its phase 2 trial 1128-CL-0201 missed its primary endpoint and development was discontinued in 2022.
Atamestane
Atamestane (SH-489, 1-methyl-1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione) is an investigational steroidal aromatase inhibitor developed by Schering AG; BPH trials showed no benefit over placebo and its phase III breast cancer trial matched but did not beat letrozole.
Atenolol
Atenolol (Tenormin, ICI 66,082) is a beta1-selective beta-blocker approved in the US in 1981 for hypertension, angina, and acute myocardial infarction; renal excretion, 6-7 hour half-life, ISIS-1 mortality benefit.
Atogepant
Atogepant (Qulipta, Aquipta) is an oral small-molecule CGRP receptor antagonist (gepant) for preventing migraine in adults; FDA-approved 2021, EU 2023, reducing monthly migraine days by about 1.2 to 2.4 versus placebo.
Atorvastatin
Atorvastatin, sold originally as Lipitor, is a statin medicine that blocks cholesterol synthesis, lowering LDL cholesterol by up to about 50% and preventing heart attacks and strokes.
Atosiban
Atosiban (Tractocile) is a synthetic oxytocin receptor antagonist peptide used as a tocolytic to delay preterm birth at 24 to 33 weeks gestation; given by IV bolus plus 48-hour infusion, it matches beta-agonists and nifedipine in efficacy with fewer maternal side effects.
Atrasentan
Atrasentan, sold as Vanrafia and formerly Xinlay, is an oral endothelin A receptor antagonist approved in 2025 to reduce proteinuria in adults with primary IgA nephropathy.
Avexitide
Avexitide (exendin 9-39) is an investigational first-in-class GLP-1 receptor antagonist by Amylyx for post-bariatric hypoglycemia; Phase 3 LUCIDITY met its endpoint with a 55% reduction in Level 2/3 hypoglycemic events, NDA planned by end of 2026.
Avosentan
Avosentan, also known as SPP301, is an endothelin receptor antagonist developed for diabetic nephropathy and abandoned after its phase 3 ASCEND trial was stopped early for congestive heart failure.
AYUSH-82 (marketed as IME-9)
AYUSH-82, sold as IME-9, Right Sugar, Diavit 82, and DB6, is a CCRAS-developed polyherbal Ayurvedic anti-diabetic formulation of mango, bitter melon, jamun seeds, and Gymnema leaves, commercialized via NRDC since 2016.
AYUSH-D
AYUSH-D is a coded polyherbal Ayurvedic antidiabetic formulation developed by India's CCRAS from local health tradition leads, patented in 2017, and tested in completed Phase II placebo-controlled trials as add-on therapy to metformin in type 2 diabetes and prediabetes.
AYUSH-HR
AYUSH-HR is a coded Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation by India's CCRAS for pre-hypertension (JNC-VII 120-139/80-89 mmHg), tested in a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial at three centres, 500 mg twice daily for 12 weeks.
AYUSH-PC tablet
AYUSH-PC tablet (Pushkar Guggulu) is a CCRAS coded Ayurvedic formulation for coronary artery disease, still in drug development, with a double-blind randomized add-on trial (CTRI/2024/02/062553) at VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi.