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Cardiovascular, metabolic, and endocrine drugs

640 articles

Triheptanoin

Triheptanoin, sold as Dojolvi and developed by Ultragenyx as UX007, is a synthetic odd-chain triglyceride approved in 2020 to supply calories and fatty acids in long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders.

Trimegestone

Trimegestone (RU-27987, 21-hydroxypromegestone) is a synthetic 19-norpregnane progestin used with estradiol in menopausal hormone therapy; potent, progesterone-receptor selective, dosed 0.0625-0.5 mg, also studied in a contraceptive vaginal ring.

Triparanol

Triparanol (MER/29, metasqualene), a withdrawn Merrell hypolipidemic drug approved by FDA in 1960; first cholesterol-synthesis inhibitor, blocking desmosterol-to-cholesterol conversion, withdrawn 1962 for cataracts and falsified data.

Triple antithrombotic therapy

Triple antithrombotic therapy, or triple therapy, combines an oral anticoagulant with aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor like clopidogrel after coronary stenting, most often for atrial fibrillation.

Troxerutin

Troxerutin (vitamin P4), a semi-synthetic hydroxyethylated rutin derivative, ATC C05CA04, is a capillary-stabilizing bioflavonoid used for chronic venous insufficiency, with antioxidant and venotonic effects.

UBT251

UBT251 is a long-acting triple agonist of the GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors developed by United Biotechnology (TUL) and licensed to Novo Nordisk in March 2025; phase 2 trials in China showed up to 19.7% weight loss at 24 weeks in obesity and HbA1c reduction up to 2.16% in type 2 diabetes.

Udenafil

Udenafil (Zydena, DA-8159) is a Korean-developed oral PDE5 inhibitor for erectile dysfunction, launched by Dong-A Pharmaceutical in 2005; 100-200 mg doses, about 12-hour duration, not FDA-approved.

Ularitide

Ularitide (urodilatin, ESP-305) is a synthetic 32-amino-acid A-type natriuretic peptide, a kidney-derived vasodilator and natriuretic drug tested in the phase III TRUE-AHF trial for acute decompensated heart failure, which showed physiological effects but no mortality benefit.

Up-titration

Up-titration is a dosing strategy in which a drug's dose is increased step by step toward a target dose proven in trials or the highest tolerated dose.

Urapidil

Urapidil (Ebrantil, B 66256) is a piperazine antihypertensive combining peripheral alpha-1 adrenoceptor blockade with central 5-HT1A agonism, used in Europe and Asia for hypertension and hypertensive emergencies; not marketed in the United States.

Urate-lowering therapy

Urate-lowering therapy (ULT) is drug treatment that reduces serum uric acid below the saturation point to dissolve crystals and prevent gout flares, using drugs such as allopurinol, febuxostat, and probenecid.

Urofollitropin

Urofollitropin (urinary FSH, u-FSH; brands Fertinex, Bravelle, Fostimon) is follicle-stimulating hormone purified from postmenopausal urine for ovarian stimulation; the highly purified 1993 form reached 95% FSH and enabled subcutaneous self-injection.

Utreglutide

Utreglutide (GL0034) is Sun Pharma's investigational once-weekly, G protein-biased GLP-1 receptor agonist for type 2 diabetes and obesity, structurally related to semaglutide, in phase 2 trials, unapproved.

Vadadustat

Vadadustat (VAFSEO, AKB-6548) is an oral HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor approved in 2024 for anemia of chronic kidney disease in adults on dialysis, dosed 300 mg daily, noninferior to darbepoetin alfa in dialysis trials but not in non-dialysis CKD.

Valsartan

Valsartan (Diovan) is an angiotensin II receptor blocker approved in 1996 for hypertension, heart failure, and post-myocardial infarction care; also a component of sacubitril/valsartan (Entresto) and subject of 2018 nitrosamine impurity recalls.

Vasodilator therapy

Vasodilator therapy is the use of drugs that relax blood vessel muscle to widen vessels, lowering blood pressure and the heart's workload in hypertension, angina, and heart failure.

VCT220

VCT220 (CX11) is Vincentage Pharma's once-daily oral nonpeptide GLP-1 receptor agonist for obesity; its China Phase 3 trial showed 12.2–12.4% weight loss at 52 weeks, and its NDA was filed with China's CDE in July 2026.

Veliflapon

Veliflapon (BAY X 1005, DG-031) is an investigational quinoline-based FLAP (ALOX5AP) inhibitor developed by Bayer for asthma and repurposed by deCODE for cardiovascular prevention; phase 3 trial suspended, never approved.

Venglustat

Venglustat is an investigational oral, brain-penetrant glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor from Sanofi Genzyme that met both primary endpoints in the LEAP2MONO phase 3 study of type 3 Gaucher disease in 2026.

Verapamil

Verapamil is a phenylalkylamine calcium channel blocker introduced in 1962 and FDA-approved in the US in 1981, used for hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, and cluster headache prevention, with emerging beta-cell-protective roles in diabetes.

Vericiguat

Vericiguat (Verquvo; BAY-1021189, MK-1242) is an oral soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator approved in 2021 to reduce cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization in adults with worsening chronic HFrEF, based on the VICTORIA trial.

Vernakalant

Vernakalant (Brinavess) is an atrial-selective intravenous antiarrhythmic for rapid cardioversion of recent-onset atrial fibrillation, approved in the EU (2010) and Canada but not the US; blocks I_Kur, I_K,ACh, and rate-dependent atrial Na+ channels.

Veverimer

Veverimer (TRC101) is Tricida's oral, non-absorbed hydrochloric acid binder for metabolic acidosis in CKD; it raised bicarbonate in early trials but the VALOR-CKD Phase 3 renal outcomes trial missed its primary endpoint.

Vincamine

Vincamine, an indole alkaloid from Vinca minor (lesser periwinkle), C21H26N2O3, ATC C04AX07; cerebral vasodilator used for cerebrovascular disorders since 1959 and precursor of vinpocetine.

Vipanatide? (维派那肽)

Vipanatide (维派那肽), officially Visepegenatide (维培那肽), code PB-119, trade name Paidakang, is PegBio's once-weekly PEGylated exenatide GLP-1 receptor agonist approved in China on November 14, 2025 for type 2 diabetes.

Voglibose

Voglibose (Basen, A-71100, AO-128) is a valiolamine-derived alpha-glucosidase inhibitor for postprandial hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes; discovered in Japan in 1981, launched 1994 by Takeda, dosed 0.2 mg three times daily, not FDA-approved in the USA.

Vorapaxar

Vorapaxar (Zontivity, SCH 530348) is a first-in-class oral PAR-1 thrombin receptor antagonist antiplatelet drug, FDA approved in 2014 to reduce thrombotic cardiovascular events after MI or PAD, with a 173-269 h half-life and bleeding risk.

Vortosiran

RBD4059 (vortosiran) is a GalNAc-conjugated siRNA from Suzhou Ribo Life Science that silences hepatic coagulation factor XI; first-in-human trials showed durable >90% FXI suppression with 3-6 month dosing.

Vosoritide

Vosoritide (Voxzogo, BMN 111) is a 39-amino-acid C-type natriuretic peptide analog by BioMarin that binds NPR-B to counteract FGFR3 signaling, increasing linear growth in children with achondroplasia; approved from 2021 in the EU, US, Japan, and Australia.

WH007

WH007 is a Category 2.3 improved new drug of mulberry twig total alkaloids (桑枝总生物碱, SZ-A/Sangbo'en) for polycystic ovary syndrome, developed by Beijing Wehand-Bio with CAMS; NMPA IND approved December 2025, Phase II trial CTR20260897 (240 participants) started 2026.