77 articles
Layer-by-layer nanoparticles
Layer-by-layer nanoparticles are drug-delivery particles built by sequentially adsorbing oppositely charged polymers or lipids onto a colloidal core, used mainly in cancer therapy and gene delivery.
Lipid nanocapsules
Lipid nanocapsules are biomimetic drug-delivery nanoparticles, 20 to 100 nm in diameter, with a liquid oily core of medium-chain triglycerides and a shell of PEGylated nonionic surfactant and lecithin, made by a solvent-free phase inversion process.
Lipid nanoparticle
A lipid nanoparticle (LNP) is a nanoscale vehicle that ferries RNA such as mRNA or siRNA into cells, the delivery system behind mRNA COVID-19 vaccines and the first approved siRNA drug.
Lipid nanoparticle organ tropism
Lipid nanoparticle organ tropism is the tendency of lipid nanoparticles to deliver nucleic acid cargo preferentially to one organ, usually the liver, depending on lipid composition.
Lipid nanoparticle siRNA delivery
Lipid nanoparticle siRNA delivery encapsulates small interfering RNA in nanoscale lipid particles that carry it into cells, and produced the first FDA-approved siRNA drug, patisiran, in 2018.
Lipid–calcium–phosphate nanoparticles
Lipid–calcium–phosphate (LCP) nanoparticles are core–shell drug delivery particles with a calcium phosphate core wrapped in a lipid shell, developed in Leaf Huang's laboratory as an improvement on the earlier LPD formulation.
Living pharmacy
A living pharmacy is an implantable or ingestible system in which engineered living cells sense conditions in the body and produce therapeutic molecules, replacing repeated external drug doses.
LNP delivery of base editors
LNP delivery of base editors is a non-viral method that uses lipid nanoparticles to carry CRISPR base-editing machinery into liver cells, powering clinical cholesterol-lowering medicines like VERVE-102.
Magnetic drug targeting
Magnetic drug targeting (MDT) is a drug delivery strategy in which drugs bound to magnetic carriers, typically iron oxide nanoparticles, are concentrated at a disease site by an external magnetic field.
Manganese dioxide nanomedicine
Manganese dioxide nanomedicine uses MnO₂ nanoparticles as diagnostic and therapeutic agents, mainly for cancer imaging and drug delivery, exploiting the chemical conditions of the tumor microenvironment.
Mechanically triggered drug delivery
Mechanically triggered drug delivery is controlled-release technology in which drug carriers release their payload in response to bodily forces, ultrasound, or magnetic fields, with shear-activated clot-dissolving tPA nanoparticles the best-studied application.
Mesoporous silica nanoparticle
A mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) is a porous silica particle with 2 to 50 nm pores, developed to load and release drugs in a controlled way.
Metal-organic capsules for drug delivery
Metal-organic capsules for drug delivery are nanoscale containers built from metal-organic framework chemistry that hold drugs and release them at disease sites in response to acidity, glutathione, or enzymes.
Microspheres
Microspheres: spherical particles from ~20 nm to 1000 μm made of polymers, glass, ceramics, or hydrogels; fabricated by emulsion, spray drying, electrospraying, or microfluidics; used for drug delivery, embolization, diagnostics, and tissue engineering.
MOF-based drug delivery (MIL-100 Fe, MIL-127)
MOF-based drug delivery with MIL-100(Fe) and MIL-127 uses porous iron carboxylate metal-organic frameworks as drug carriers with high loading capacity, controlled release, and good biocompatibility.
Mononuclear phagocyte system sequestration
Mononuclear phagocyte system sequestration is the capture of intravenously injected nanoparticles by macrophages of the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes, limiting nanomedicine delivery to tumors.
mRNA lipid nanoparticle delivery
mRNA lipid nanoparticle (mRNA-LNP) delivery encapsulates messenger RNA in lipid nanoparticles so it survives in blood, enters cells, and is translated into protein, the platform behind the approved COVID-19 vaccines.
Mucopenetrating nanoparticles
Mucopenetrating nanoparticles (MPPs), also called mucus-penetrating particles, are drug carriers whose dense PEG coating makes them muco-inert, allowing them to diffuse through mucus instead of being trapped by it.
Multistage vector
A multistage vector (MSV) is a particle-in-particle drug delivery system, described by Mauro Ferrari's Houston group in 2011, in which a disc-shaped porous silicon microparticle carries nanoparticles holding the therapeutic payload.
Nanocapsules
Nanocapsules are hollow 10-200 nm core-shell nanoparticles with a liquid or gaseous core inside a thin polymer or lipid shell, used for triggered drug delivery, cosmetics, food, and agrochemical encapsulation.
Nanoconjugates
Nanoconjugates are tailored macromolecules with covalently attached biologically active modules such as drugs, antibodies, and oligonucleotides that target specific tissues and cells, distinct from encapsulating nanocarriers like liposomes.
Nanocrystal drug delivery
Nanocrystal drug delivery is a formulation approach in which poorly water-soluble drug crystals are reduced to nanometer size and stabilized with surfactants or polymers, raising dissolution rate and bioavailability.
Nanolipogels
Nanolipogels (NLGs) are hybrid drug-delivery nanoparticles made of a crosslinked nanogel core surrounded by a lipid bilayer, combining hydrogel cargo retention with liposome-like biocompatibility.
Nanoparticle aggregation in vivo
Nanoparticle aggregation in vivo is the clumping of nanoparticles once they enter blood or tissue fluid. High ionic strength and protein adsorption drive it, altering biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity.
Nanoparticle albumin-bound technology
Nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) technology is a drug delivery platform that binds poorly water-soluble drugs to human serum albumin; its first product was Abraxane, approved in 2005.
Nanoparticle charge-dependent behavior
Nanoparticle charge-dependent behavior is how a nanocarrier's surface charge, measured as zeta potential, governs which serum proteins adsorb onto it, how readily cells take it up, and how toxic it is.
Nanoparticle margination
Nanoparticle margination is the drift of nanoparticles in flowing blood toward the vessel wall, where they can adhere to the endothelium and deliver drugs to target sites.
Nanoparticle stiffness-dependent behavior
Nanoparticle stiffness-dependent behavior is how a nanoparticle's mechanical rigidity, rather than its size or surface chemistry, shapes circulation, immune clearance, tumor delivery, and cellular uptake.
Nanosponges
Nanosponges are nanoscale particles with a porous, sponge-like network that trap other molecules, used either for controlled drug delivery or as cell membrane-coated decoys that neutralize bacterial toxins and venom.
NanoTherm
NanoTherm is a magnetic hyperthermia therapy in which iron oxide nanoparticles injected into a tumor are heated to destroy cancer cells, developed by Berlin's MagForce AG.