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Haemophilia B
Haemophilia B, also called Christmas disease, is an X-linked factor IX deficiency from F9 gene mutations, causing bleeding; treated with factor IX replacement, extended half-life products, and the 2022 gene therapy Hemgenix.
Haemophilia in European royalty
Haemophilia in European royalty: the X-linked bleeding disorder spread from Queen Victoria, a carrier, through daughters Alice and Beatrice to the Russian, Spanish, and German royal houses; identified in 2009 as haemophilia B (F9 mutation).
Haemophilic arthropathy
Haemophilic arthropathy is a chronic joint disease caused by repeated joint bleeding in hemophilia, marked by synovitis and cartilage destruction, mainly in knees, ankles, and elbows.
Haemorrhage from throat
Haemorrhage from throat (咽頭出血), ICD-11 code MD21, is bleeding from the throat classified under haemorrhage from respiratory passages, excluding haemoptysis (MD22); synonyms include pharyngeal and oropharyngeal haemorrhage.
Haemorrhage in early pregnancy
Haemorrhage in early pregnancy (ICD-11 JA40) is first-trimester vaginal bleeding, including threatened abortion. It affects about 25% of pregnancies; management includes progesterone for prior miscarriage and expectant care.
Haemorrhagic septicaemia
Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS), a WOAH-listed pasteurellosis of cattle and water buffalo caused by Pasteurella multocida serotypes B:2 and E:2 (6:B, 6:E), acute and near-100% fatal, endemic in tropical Asia and Africa, peaking in monsoon season.
Haemorrhoids
Haemorrhoids (piles) are swollen, inflamed veins around the anus or lower rectum, external or internal. About 1 in 20 Americans are affected; treatment ranges from fiber and sitz baths to banding and hemorrhoidectomy.
Haemorrhoids in pregnancy
Haemorrhoids (piles) in pregnancy: swollen anal cushions causing pain, itching, and bleeding, affecting roughly 30-40% of pregnant women, mainly in the third trimester. Treated with fiber, fluids, sitz baths, and topical preparations; usually resolve postpartum.
Haemothorax
Haemothorax (hemothorax) is blood accumulating in the pleural space, usually from chest trauma. Chest tube drainage is first-line; thresholds of 500 ml, 1,500 ml/24 h, and early VATS for retained blood guide management.
HAICI trial
HAICI (NCT06741020), Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma, a phase 1/2 single-arm pilot neoadjuvant trial at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital testing FOLFOX-HAIC plus adebrelimab in resectable BCLC A/B HCC.
Hailey-Hailey disease
Hailey-Hailey disease (benign familial pemphigus, OMIM 169600) is a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis caused by ATP2C1 mutations, causing recurrent erosive plaques in skin folds, onset in adulthood, no cure.
Haim-Munk syndrome
Haim-Munk syndrome (HMS), an autosomal recessive CTSC (cathepsin C) disorder on 11q14, allelic to Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome; features palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, early periodontitis, onychogryphosis, arachnodactyly, acro-osteolysis, pes planus; under 100 cases, mostly Cochin Jewish descendants.
Hair
Hair: keratin filaments grown from skin follicles, cycling through anagen, catagen, and telogen. Covers structure, thermoregulatory evolution of tightly curled scalp hair, variation, and hair-loss treatment.
Hair analysis
Hair analysis is the laboratory measurement of substances incorporated in the hair shaft to assess drug use, nutrition, or exposure over past weeks to months, unlike blood or urine.
Hair follicle
Hair follicle: tube-like skin organ producing hair; over 5 million at birth, 1 million on the scalp. Dermal papilla signals growth, bulge holds stem cells, cycles anagen, catagen, telogen, exogen.
Hair loss
Hair loss (alopecia): loss of scalp or body hair from heredity, autoimmunity, stress, drugs, or scarring disease. Key types are androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata, and telogen effluvium; treatments include minoxidil, finasteride, and JAK inhibitors.
Hair removal
Hair removal is the practice of removing unwanted body hair, categorized into depilation, which removes the hair shaft, and epilation, which removes the root, including waxing, lasers, and electrolysis.
Hair transplantation
Hair transplantation: surgery moving hair follicles from a permanent donor scalp zone to bald areas, treating androgenetic alopecia. Techniques: FUT strip harvesting (1990s) and FUE punch extraction (2000s); donor dominance principle; UK cost £1,000–£30,000.
Hairy cell leukemia
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL, HCL variant) is a rare indolent B-cell leukemia with hairy-appearing cells, BRAF V600E in >95% of classic cases, splenomegaly, pancytopenia, and cladribine-rituximab treatment.
Hairy cell leukemia variant
Hairy cell leukemia variant (HCLv, HCL-v), also called splenic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia with prominent nucleoli in WHO5, is a rare splenic B-cell neoplasm, BRAF V600E-negative, MAP2K1-mutated in about 50%, resistant to purine analog monotherapy, treated with cladribine plus rituximab.
Hairy leukoplakia
Hairy leukoplakia (oral hairy leukoplakia, OHL) is an EBV-caused white patch on the lateral tongue in immunosuppressed people, mainly untreated HIV; a CDC category-B AIDS marker, not premalignant, resolving with antiretroviral therapy.
Haisco oral complement inhibitor (sipcopan succinate)
HSK39297 (琥珀酸思普可泮片, 优可盼; NXP100) is Haisco's once-daily oral complement factor B inhibitor, approved in China in July 2026 for complement inhibitor-naive PNH adults, with IgAN phase 3 and Nuvectis ex-China licensing.
Haiti cholera outbreak
The 2010–2019 Haiti cholera outbreak was Haiti's first cholera epidemic in a century, killing at least 9,789 people after UN peacekeepers' sewage contaminated a river.
Hajdu-Cheney syndrome
Hajdu-Cheney syndrome (HCS, OMIM 102500, ORPHA955), also called acroosteolysis dominant type or serpentine fibula-polycystic kidney syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant NOTCH2-related skeletal disorder with acroosteolysis, osteoporosis, and craniofacial anomalies.
Hajrul yahud bhasma
Hajrul yahud bhasma (Kushta Hajrul yahood, Lapis judaicus, Jew's stone) is a calcined fossil silicate-of-lime stone used in Unani and Ayurvedic medicine for kidney and bladder stones, with small clinical trials and rat toxicity studies.
Hak Jae Kim
Hak Jae Kim is an American engineer who won a Presidential Early Career Award, served at NGA and IARPA, and leads geospatial companies as chief technology officer.
Halazepam
Halazepam (Paxipam) is a trifluoroethyl benzodiazepine anxiolytic, C17H12ClF3N2O, metabolized to desmethyldiazepam, US Schedule IV since 1981, lower abuse liability than diazepam, no longer marketed in the US.
Hall technique
The Hall technique is a minimally invasive pediatric dentistry method that seals a preformed metal crown over a decayed baby molar without drilling or anesthesia.
Hall-Riggs syndrome
Hall-Riggs syndrome (ORPHA:2107, OMIM 234250) is an extremely rare autosomal recessive disorder with microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, severe intellectual disability, and absent speech; eight cases in two families reported since 1975.
Hallermann-Streiff syndrome
Hallermann-Streiff syndrome, also known as François dyscephalic syndrome or oculomandibulofacial syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder marked by bird-like facies, dental abnormalities, sparse hair, short stature, and congenital cataracts.