Human health and medicine

Ioversol

Ioversol, marketed as Optiray, is a nonionic, low-osmolar iodinated X-ray contrast agent approved in 1988 for angiography, CT of the head and body, venography, and urography.

Iowa Department of Public Health

Iowa Department of Public Health (IDPH), successor to the 1880 State Board of Health, was Iowa's state public health agency until merging with DHS on July 1, 2022 to form Iowa HHS under HF 2578.

Ioxilan

Ioxilan (Oxilan) is a nonionic, low-osmolar, triiodinated X-ray contrast agent approved by the FDA in 1995 (NDA 020316) for urography, CT, and arteriography; later discontinued.

Ioxitalamic acid (Telebrix) is a first-generation ionic monomer iodinated X-ray contrast medium, a triiodobenzoic acid derivative with high osmolality, used for angiography, urography, hysterosalpingography, and CT enhancement.

IPA-CPP trial

IPA-CPP (NCT02867774) was a University of Michigan pilot trial testing an 8-week supervised moderate-intensity exercise program for pain, function, and quality of life in women with chronic pelvic pain.

iPACK block

The iPACK block, short for infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee, is an ultrasound-guided technique relieving posterior knee pain after knee replacement while sparing motor function.

Iparomlimab and tuvonralimab (QL1706)

Iparomlimab and tuvonralimab (QL1706, 齐倍安) is Qilu Pharmaceutical's PD-1/CTLA-4 dual combination antibody, MabPair-produced in a fixed 2:1 ratio; NMPA conditionally approved it in September 2024 for recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer after platinum-chemotherapy failure.

Ipatasertib

Ipatasertib (GDC-0068, RG7440) is Genentech's oral ATP-competitive pan-AKT1/2/3 inhibitor tested in phase III breast and prostate cancer trials; phase III results were negative and it is not approved.

Oct 20, 2026

IPF/ILD-PRO study

IPF/ILD-PRO (NCT01915511) is a prospective observational US registry run by Duke Clinical Research Institute with Boehringer Ingelheim, following over 2,000 people with IPF and progressive fibrotic ILD.

iPHENAMIC study

iPHENAMIC (NCT02501070) is a retrospective cohort study of 6783 STEMI patients in northern Galicia, Spain, showing that the PROGALIAM regional infarct-care network lowered 5-year adjusted mortality and equalized survival across A Coruña, Lugo, and Ferrol.

iPhot study

iPhot study (NCT01546181), an INSERM observational follow-up study of adaptive optics retinal imaging in Paris (2010-2017), using the rtx1 camera to quantify photoreceptor density and retinal microstructures in health and disease.

Ipilimumab

Ipilimumab (Yervoy) is a fully human anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody, the first immune checkpoint inhibitor approved by the FDA (March 2011), for unresectable or metastatic melanoma, later adjuvant stage 3 melanoma and nivolumab combinations.

Ipilimumab plus nivolumab

Ipilimumab plus nivolumab is a checkpoint immunotherapy regimen combining anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies, FDA approved for advanced melanoma in 2015 and later for lung and kidney cancers.

Ipilimumab regimen

An ipilimumab regimen is a cancer immunotherapy built around ipilimumab, a monoclonal antibody that blocks CTLA-4 and boosts T-cell activity, used mainly for melanoma, alone or with nivolumab.

Ipodate

Ipodate (iopodic acid, Oragrafin, Biloptin) is a discontinued oral iodinated contrast medium, ATC V08AC08, approved 1962 for gallbladder X-ray imaging and later used off-label short-term for severe hyperthyroidism by inhibiting T4-to-T3 conversion.

Ipragliflozin

Ipragliflozin (ASP1941, Suglat) is a selective SGLT2 inhibitor for type 2 and type 1 diabetes, first approved in Japan in January 2014; dosing 50-100 mg once daily, glucose excreted in urine.

Ipratropium bromide

Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) is an inhaled anticholinergic, short-acting bronchodilator introduced in 1974 and FDA-approved in 1986, used for COPD maintenance, acute asthma add-on therapy, and as a nasal spray for cold-related runny nose.

iPrEx trial

iPrEx (Preexposure Prophylaxis Initiative), NCT00458393, was a 2010 phase III placebo-controlled trial of daily oral TDF/FTC (Truvada) PrEP in 2,499 MSM and transgender women across six countries, showing 44% HIV risk reduction overall and 92% with detectable drug levels.

Iprindole

Iprindole (ATC N06AA13) is a tricyclic antidepressant, an indole with an eight-membered saturated third ring, approved in Great Britain in 1967; it weakly inhibits norepinephrine and serotonin uptake, has weak antimuscarinic and sedative effects, and does not block REM sleep.

Iptacopan

Iptacopan (Fabhalta) is Novartis's oral, first-in-class complement factor B inhibitor approved for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (2023), C3 glomerulopathy (2025), and IgA nephropathy, dosed 200 mg twice daily under a REMS.

IPV Vaccine AJV

IPV Vaccine AJV is a WHO-prequalified trivalent inactivated polio vaccine by AJ Vaccines A/S, Denmark (prequalified 23 December 2010), a single-dose 0.5 ml vial with no preservatives or adjuvants, distinct from AJ Vaccines' adjuvanted low-dose Picovax.

IQVIA

IQVIA Holdings (NYSE: IQV), formerly Quintiles IMS, is a provider of clinical research services, healthcare data analytics, and real-world evidence, formed by the 2016 IMS Health and Quintiles merger; 2025 revenue $16.3 billion.

IRAC study

IRAC study: the INCMNSZ Rheumatoid Arthritis Cohort (NCT03389711), an observational early rheumatoid arthritis cohort at Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, begun 2004; distinct from Spitzer's IRAC camera and IRAC insecticide classes.

IRADIENT study

IRADIENT (Genomic Instability in Vascular Surgeons), ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04363190, a completed 2020-registered observational study by Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid on chronic low-dose radiation effects in vascular surgeons; no results posted.

Iranian Traditional Medicine

Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM), also known as Persian Medicine, is a humoral system rooted in Iran's medical scholarship, practiced in Iran's health system and based on Avicenna's Canon of Medicine.

Oct 15, 2026

Irbesartan

Irbesartan, sold as Avapro, Aprovel, or Karvea, is an angiotensin II receptor blocker antihypertensive drug developed by Sanofi and approved in 1997, used for hypertension and diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes.

IRF6

IRF6 (interferon regulatory factor 6) is a transcription factor gene at chromosome 1q32.2; mutations cause Van der Woude and popliteal pterygium syndromes, and common variants raise nonsyndromic cleft lip/palate risk.

Oct 20, 2026

IRICDE study

IRICDE (NCT04786522), University of Bari observational study of irisin levels in 20 Charcot-Marie-Tooth patients; found lower irisin than controls, linked to muscle quality, P1NP, and vitamin D; published Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022.

Iridectomy

Iridectomy is an ophthalmic surgical procedure that removes part of the iris, most often to relieve pupillary block in angle-closure glaucoma or to remove and examine iris tumors.