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Juice Plus
Juice Plus+ (Juice Plus), brand of fruit, vegetable, and berry juice-powder supplements by The Juice Plus+ Company (formerly NSA, founded 1970 by Jay Martin), sold via MLM; FTC and DSSRC scrutiny of health and earnings claims.
Juk (죽) (Korean food)
Juk (죽) is Korean rice porridge, rice or grain slow-simmered in water or broth until soft; mostly savory, eaten as recovery and breakfast food, with varieties like jeonbokjuk (abalone) and hobakjuk (pumpkin), distinct from Chinese congee and Japanese okayu.
Jules Comby
Jules Comby (1853–1947) was a French pediatrician at the Hôpital Trousseau and Hôpital des Enfants-Malades in Paris, known for Comby's sign in measles and his influential pediatric textbooks.
Julian T. Hoff
Julian T. Hoff, or Julian Theodore Hoff, was an American academic neurosurgeon who led the University of Michigan's neurosurgery department from 1981 to 2005 and studied brain injury after hemorrhagic stroke.
Julie A. Baldwin
Julie A. Baldwin is a Cherokee Nation citizen and Regents' Professor of Health Sciences at Northern Arizona University, elected to the National Academy of Medicine in 2023.
Julie A. Freischlag
Julie A. Freischlag is an American vascular surgeon who was the first woman to direct surgery at Johns Hopkins and led Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist until retiring in 2025.
Julie Sheridan Eng
Julie Sheridan Eng is an American electrical engineer specializing in high-speed optoelectronic devices, serving as Chief Technology Officer of Coherent Corp. since 2022 and elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2025.
Julius Garvey
Julius Winston Garvey (born August 16, 1933, Kingston, Jamaica) is a thoracic and vascular surgeon, son of Marcus Garvey and Amy Jacques Garvey, McGill-trained, chief of thoracic surgery at Queens Hospital Center, and leader of the campaign that won his father a 2025 posthumous pardon.
Julius R. Krevans
Julius R. Krevans (1924–2015) was an American internist and hematologist who served as dean of the UCSF School of Medicine from 1971 and chancellor from 1982 to 1993.
Junctional epidermolysis bullosa (medicine)
Junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB), formerly Herlitz and non-Herlitz types, is an autosomal recessive blistering disease with skin separation in the lamina lucida, caused by LAMA3, LAMB3, LAMC2, or COL17A1 mutations; severe JEB is often fatal in infancy.
Junctional epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric atresia
Junctional epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric atresia (JEB-PA) is a severe inherited skin fragility disease combining generalized blistering from birth with congenital blockage of the pylorus, the stomach's outlet.
Junctional rhythm
Junctional rhythm: an arrhythmia arising from the AV node or His bundle instead of the SA node, classified by rate (bradycardia 100 bpm), with absent or retrograde P waves and narrow QRS on ECG.
June and Jennifer Gibbons
June and Jennifer Gibbons, the 'Silent Twins', Barbadian-Welsh identical twins born 1963 in Yemen, elective mutes and secret novelists committed to Broadmoor in 1982; Jennifer died of myocarditis in 1993.
JUPITER trial
JUPITER (Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention) trial: 2008 AstraZeneca-funded randomized trial of rosuvastatin 20 mg in 17,802 adults with LDL-C under 130 mg/dL and hsCRP at least 2.0 mg/L; stopped at 1.9 years with 44% relative risk reduction, contested absolute benefit, and increased diabetes incidence.
Justin Jedlica
Justin Jedlica, the Human Ken Doll, is a Slovak American model and cosmetic surgery consultant who has had hundreds of procedures, designs custom silicone implants, and publicly feuded with Human Barbie Valeria Lukyanova.
Juvenile absence epilepsy
Juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE), an idiopathic generalized epilepsy syndrome with adolescent onset of sporadic typical absence seizures, 3–5.5 Hz generalized spike-wave EEG, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures in over 90% of cases.
Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (JALS, juvenile Charcot disease) is a rare motor neuron disease beginning before age 25, under 1 in 1,000,000 prevalence, mostly familial, linked to FUS, ALS2, SETX, SPG11, and SIGMAR1 genes.
Juvenile glaucoma
Juvenile glaucoma, also called juvenile open-angle glaucoma (JOAG), is a rare form of primary open-angle glaucoma diagnosed between ages 3 and 40, with very high eye pressure.
Juvenile hemochromatosis
Juvenile hemochromatosis (type 2 hereditary hemochromatosis, HJV/HAMP-related) is a rare autosomal recessive iron-overload disease of children and young adults, causing hepcidin deficiency, rapid iron loading, cardiomyopathy, hypogonadism, and diabetes, treated with phlebotomy or chelation.
Juvenile Huntington disease
Juvenile Huntington disease (JHD), also called juvenile Huntington chorea, is the early-onset form of Huntington disease with symptoms before age 20, usually CAG repeats over 55 in HTT, mostly paternal inheritance, rigid-hypokinetic presentation, seizures, and faster progression than adult-onset HD.
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), formerly JRA/JCA, is chronic arthritis of unknown cause starting before age 16 lasting over 6 weeks, with seven ILAR subtypes, treated with NSAIDs, methotrexate, and biologics.
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis treatment
Treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis escalates from NSAIDs and weekly methotrexate to biologic drugs such as adalimumab and IL-1 or IL-6 inhibitors, aiming for remission while protecting growth.
Juvenile idiopathic polyarthritis
Juvenile idiopathic polyarthritis (ICD-11 FA24.1) is a JIA subtype with arthritis in five or more joints within six months of onset, usually symmetric and more common in girls, subdivided by rheumatoid factor status.
Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is a rare RAS pathway-driven myeloproliferative neoplasm of early childhood, median age ~2 years, caused by PTPN11, NRAS, KRAS, NF1, or CBL mutations, diagnosed by monocytosis and GM-CSF hypersensitivity, and cured mainly by stem cell transplantation.
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME, Janz syndrome) is a genetic generalized epilepsy beginning around puberty with early-morning myoclonic jerks, tonic-clonic seizures, and absences; about 80% respond to valproate but relapse after withdrawal is common.
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA), a benign fibrovascular tumor of the nasopharynx in adolescent males, treated with embolization plus endoscopic surgery; recurrence 5-55%, bleeding the main risk.
Juvenile overlap myositis
Juvenile overlap myositis (ORPHA:329894) is a rare childhood-onset idiopathic inflammatory myopathy combined with features of other autoimmune diseases such as lupus or scleroderma, occurring in 6–11% of juvenile myositis patients.
Juvenile Paget disease
Juvenile Paget disease (hereditary hyperphosphatasia, OMIM 239000): ultra-rare autosomal recessive bone disorder from TNFRSF11B/osteoprotegerin loss, causing rapid bone turnover, fractures, deafness, retinopathy; about 100 cases reported.
Juvenile polymyositis
Juvenile polymyositis (juvenile PM, JPM), ICD-11 4A41.10, is a rare juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathy with onset before 18, causing progressive muscle weakness without dermatomyositis rashes; 2-8% of juvenile IIMs.
Juvenile polyposis syndrome
Juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) is a rare autosomal dominant hamartomatous polyposis disorder caused by SMAD4 or BMPR1A variants, causing GI juvenile polyps, 11%-86% GI cancer risk, and SMAD4-linked HHT overlap.