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Human health and medicine

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Anitocabtagene autoleucel

Anitocabtagene autoleucel (anito-cel, formerly CART-ddBCMA) is an investigational BCMA-directed autologous CAR T-cell therapy by Arcellx and Kite/Gilead for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, using a synthetic D-domain binder; BLA under FDA review with December 23, 2026 PDUFA date.

Anivamersen

Anivamersen (RB007, R01J) is an oligonucleotide antidote that reverses the factor IXa-inhibiting RNA aptamer pegnivacogin in the REG1 anticoagulation system; its phase 3 REGULATE-PCI trial was stopped early for allergic reactions.

Anivecrine succinate (octohydroaminoacridine)

Anivecrine succinate (琥珀酸安维吖啶, octohydroaminoacridine succinate, brand 耄安通) is a Chinese class 1 dual acetylcholinesterase/butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor tablet approved by NMPA in June 2026 for mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease, developed by Tonghua Jinma over 20-plus years.

Ankle

The ankle, or talocrural joint, connects the foot to the lower leg where the tibia, fibula, and talus meet, allowing walking through dorsiflexion and plantarflexion.

Ankle arthroplasty

Ankle arthroplasty, also called total ankle replacement, is an orthopedic operation that replaces the damaged ankle joint with an artificial implant, preserving motion in end-stage ankle arthritis.

Ankle arthroscopy

Ankle arthroscopy is an orthopedic procedure in which a small camera and instruments are inserted into the ankle joint to diagnose and treat conditions inside the joint.

Ankle fracture fixation

Ankle fracture fixation is a surgical procedure using plates, screws, or nails to hold broken ankle bones in anatomic alignment while they heal, typically within 24 hours of injury.

Ankle jerk reflex

Ankle jerk reflex (Achilles tendon reflex, ankle reflex): S1 deep tendon reflex producing triceps surae contraction and plantar flexion; tested by dorsiflexion and tendon tap, lost in S1 radiculopathy and diabetic neuropathy.

Ankle oedema

Ankle oedema (ankle swelling), ICD-11 MG29.00 under localised oedema, is excess interstitial fluid at the ankle; most often from chronic venous insufficiency, also heart, kidney, liver disease, drugs, or injury.

Ankle replacement

Ankle replacement, or total ankle replacement (TAR), is an orthopedic operation that resurfaces a damaged ankle joint with a prosthetic implant to relieve pain while preserving motion.

Ankle–brachial pressure index

Ankle–brachial pressure index (ABI, ABPI): ratio of ankle to brachial systolic blood pressure, a non-invasive bedside test; ABI ≤0.90 diagnoses lower limb peripheral artery disease and low values predict cardiovascular risk.

Ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate syndrome

AEC syndrome, or Hay-Wells syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant ectodermal dysplasia caused by TP63 variants, featuring eyelid fusion, scalp skin erosions, cleft lip/palate, and hearing loss; Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome belongs to the same spectrum.

Ankyloglossia

Ankyloglossia, commonly called tongue-tie, is a congenital condition in which a short, tight lingual frenulum restricts tongue movement, affecting about 4 to 10% of people.

Ankylosing spondylitis

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS, Bechterew's disease) is chronic inflammatory arthritis of the spine and sacroiliac joints, the radiographic form of axial spondyloarthritis, strongly linked to HLA-B27, treated with NSAIDs and biologics.

Ankylosis

Ankylosis: pathological stiffening and fusion of a joint, bony or fibrous, from disease, trauma, or surgery; distinct from surgical arthrodesis; central to ankylosing spondylitis and TMJ ankylosis.

Ann Arbor staging

Ann Arbor staging, the 1971 lymphoma staging system with stages I–IV plus A, B, E, and S suffixes, later revised by Cotswolds (1989) and the Lugano classification (2014), which added PET-CT and a stage II bulky category.

Ann Beal Salamone

Ann Beal Salamone is an American polymer chemist and entrepreneur who co-founded Rochal Industries in 1986 and was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2016.

Ann C. Macaulay

Ann C. Macaulay is a UK-trained Canadian family physician and McGill University professor emerita who pioneered community-based participatory research, leading the Kahnawake Schools Diabetes Prevention Project.

Ann L. Lee

Ann L. Lee is an American chemical engineer and biotechnology executive, Chief Technical Officer of Prime Medicine and a 2007 member of the National Academy of Engineering.

Ann-Louise Kinmonth

Ann-Louise Kinmonth (born 1951) is a British general practitioner and academic who held the Foundation Chair of General Practice at Cambridge from 1997 to 2011, leading trials on diabetes screening.

Anna Bågenholm

Anna Bågenholm (born 1970) is a Swedish radiologist in Tromsø who survived 1999's skiing accident under ice with the lowest recorded survived body temperature, 13.7 °C.

Anna Lembke

Anna Lembke is an American psychiatrist and addiction-medicine researcher who is Medical Director of Stanford Addiction Medicine, studies opioid prescribing, and wrote the 2021 bestseller Dopamine Nation.

Annals of ophthalmology

Annals of ophthalmology: title of several US ophthalmology journals, notably a St. Louis quarterly (1897–1917) absorbed into the American Journal of Ophthalmology in 1918, and a Chicago/Skokie journal (1969–2010) via Annals of ophthalmology-glaucoma.

Anne Hammons Aunins

Anne Hammons Aunins is an American chemical engineer and biopharmaceutical manufacturing leader elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2026, who led Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine program after a Merck career including Gardasil.

Anne K. Kibrick

Anne K. Kibrick was an American nurse, educator, and academic administrator who founded the nursing schools at Boston State College and UMass Boston and led the National League for Nursing.

Anne Laude

Anne Laude, born in 1961, is a French health-law scholar, professor at Université Paris Cité, dean of its law faculty, and a US National Academy of Medicine member.

Anne R. Somers

Anne R. Somers, also known as Anne Ramsey Somers, was an American health policy analyst and long-term care scholar who helped shape the 1965 Medicare legislation.

Anneliese Michel

Anneliese Michel (1952–1976), German pedagogy student and epileptic, died after 67 Catholic exorcism sessions in 1975–76; her parents and two priests were convicted of negligent homicide in 1978.

Annular atrophic lichen planus

Annular atrophic lichen planus (AALP), a rare lichen planus variant with annular plaques, central atrophy, and elastin fiber loss in the papillary dermis; fewer than 30 cases reported, steroid-resistant, treated with tacrolimus or biologics.

Annular epidermolytic ichthyosis

Annular epidermolytic ichthyosis (AEI), cyclic ichthyosis with epidermolytic hyperkeratosis, is a rare autosomal dominant KRT1/KRT10 variant of epidermolytic ichthyosis: neonatal blistering improves, then recurrent annular migratory scaly plaques with palmoplantar keratoderma appear.