25,729 articles
Motor Activity
Motor Activity (MeSH D009043, introduced 1968): body movements of a human or animal as a behavioral phenomenon; also IUPAC neurotoxicology term for animal physical activity, measured by actigraphy and accelerometry.
Motor control
Motor Control (ISSN 1087-1640) is a peer-reviewed quarterly Human Kinetics journal, official journal of the International Society of Motor Control since 1997, publishing multidisciplinary research on human movement control and motor disorders; MEDLINE-indexed, 2024 impact factor 1.4.
Motor cortex
Motor cortex: frontal lobe region for voluntary movement, comprising primary motor cortex (M1, Brodmann area 4), premotor cortex, and supplementary motor area; somatotopic map, Betz cells, corticospinal output, discovered by Fritsch and Hitzig in 1870.
Motor evoked potential monitoring
Motor evoked potential (MEP) monitoring is a neurophysiological technique that records muscle responses to transcranial electrical or magnetic stimulation, providing near-real-time measurement of corticospinal tract integrity during surgery.
Motor Evoked Potentials
Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) are muscle or nerve responses to transcranial electrical or magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex, used for intraoperative motor pathway monitoring and diagnosing corticospinal tract disease.
Motor neuron
A motor neuron, also called an efferent neuron or motor nerve cell, carries command signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands, forming the final common path.
Motor neuron diseases
Motor neuron diseases (MNDs) are progressive neurological disorders destroying upper and lower motor neurons, causing weakness, wasting, and fasciculations. Main types are ALS (80–90% of cases), progressive bulbar palsy, primary lateral sclerosis, and progressive muscular atrophy; ALS is usually fatal within 3–5 years.
Motor neuroprosthetics
Motor neuroprosthetics: devices restoring movement after stroke or spinal cord injury by stimulating muscles, nerves, spinal cord, or brain, or decoding brain signals (BCIs), from Liberson's 1961 foot-drop stimulator to Utah-array robotic arm control.
Motor skill
Motor skill: learned ability to perform movements efficiently, assessed by retention and transfer. Covers Fitts-Posner stages, contextual interference (random vs blocked practice, SMD 0.55), implicit vs explicit learning, and cortex-basal ganglia-cerebellum mechanisms.
Motor unit number estimation
Motor unit number estimation (MUNE), including MUNIX, MScanFit, and MPS variants, estimates the number of functioning motor units in a muscle from surface EMG, mainly to track lower motor neuron loss in ALS.
Motorized Mobility Scooter
Motorized mobility scooter: a seated, electric-motor vehicle for people with impaired mobility; three or four wheels, tiller steering; regulated as a medical device in the US and as a Personal Mobility Aid in Singapore.
MOTORPARK trial
MOTORPARK (NCT06906679) is an Italian multicenter randomized controlled pilot trial by IRCCS San Raffaele Roma testing end-effector robotic upper limb rehabilitation with the Motore device against conventional therapy in 40 people with mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease.
Mounier-Kühn syndrome
Mounier-Kühn syndrome (Mounier-Kuhn syndrome, tracheobronchomegaly), a rare congenital disorder of tracheal and main bronchial dilation from elastic fiber atrophy, causing recurrent respiratory infections; diagnosed by CT diameter criteria, treated symptomatically.
Mount Sinai Hospital (Manhattan)
Mount Sinai Hospital (Manhattan), founded 1852, is the 1,121-bed flagship teaching hospital of the Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine, a 10-year U.S. News Honor Roll hospital on the Upper East Side.
Mount Sinai Hospital (Toronto)
Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto: acute care academic health sciences centre founded 1923, part of Sinai Health, affiliated with the University of Toronto; ranked 2nd in Canada and 27th globally by Newsweek in 2026.
Mouse nerve growth factor
Mouse nerve growth factor (鼠神经生长因子, mNGF) is a 13.5 kDa NGF protein extracted from mouse submandibular glands, marketed in China as a category I injectable biologic for optic nerve injury and other neurological conditions.
Mouth assessment
Mouth assessment (oral examination, COE): systematic inspection and palpation of lips, mucosa, gingiva, tongue, floor of mouth, palate, teeth, and TMJ; detects mucosal lesions, systemic disease signs, and oral cancer, with biopsy for definitive diagnosis.
Mouth breathing
Mouth breathing: habitual breathing through the mouth instead of the nose, caused by nasal obstruction (deviated septum, adenoids, polyps, congestion). Affects up to 30% of people; in children it can alter facial development, sleep, and behavior.
Mouth Protectors
A mouth protector, commonly called an athletic mouthguard or gum shield, is a removable appliance worn over the teeth to cushion impacts and prevent dental injuries in sports.
Mouth Rehabilitation
Mouth rehabilitation, also called oral or full mouth rehabilitation, is a dental procedure restoring all damaged or decayed teeth with restorative, non-cosmetic materials to improve oral health.
Mouth ulcer
Mouth ulcer, also called canker sore or recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), a painful break in the oral mucosa; most common oral mucosal disease, peaking at ages 10–19, healing in 10–14 days, treated with topical corticosteroids; ulcers over 3 weeks warrant cancer referral.
Mouthwash
Mouthwash (mouthrinse) is a liquid oral hygiene product; cosmetic types mask breath while therapeutic types with chlorhexidine, essential oils, CPC, or fluoride reduce plaque, gingivitis, and decay.
Movember
Movember: annual November moustache-growing campaign for men's health, run by the Movember Foundation. Founded 2003 in Melbourne by Travis Garone and Luke Slattery; funds mental health, suicide prevention, prostate and testicular cancer programs in 20 countries.
Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society
Movement Disorders (Mov Disord; ISSN 0885-3185 print, 1531-8257 online) is the official monthly peer-reviewed journal of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society, published by Wiley since 2001, founded 1986, covering clinical and basic science of movement disorders.
Mowat-Wilson syndrome
Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS, Hirschsprung disease-intellectual disability syndrome) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by ZEB2 (2q22.3) haploinsufficiency, with distinctive facies, moderate-to-severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, Hirschsprung disease, and congenital heart and genitourinary anomalies; prevalence about 1:50,000-70,000.
Moxetumomab pasudotox
Moxetumomab pasudotox (Lumoxiti, moxetumomab pasudotox-tdfk) is a CD22-directed recombinant immunotoxin fused to Pseudomonas PE38, FDA-approved September 13, 2018 for relapsed/refractory hairy cell leukemia, withdrawn from US and EU markets by 2023 for low uptake.
Moxibustion
Moxibustion (jiu, ai; moxa from Japanese mogusa) is a traditional Chinese medicine heat therapy burning mugwort (Artemisia argyi/vulgaris) on or above acupuncture points, used since about 500 BCE; best evidence is for turning breech babies.
Moxifloxacin
Moxifloxacin (Avelox, Vigamox) is a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic developed by Bayer, approved in 1999, inhibiting DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, given as 400 mg once daily for respiratory, skin, intra-abdominal infections, plague, and conjunctivitis.
Moxisylyte
Moxisylyte (thymoxamine, Opilon, Carlytene) is an α1-adrenergic antagonist vasodilator prodrug used for primary Raynaud's phenomenon and, by intracavernous injection, erectile dysfunction; withdrawn in France in 1993 for hepatotoxicity.
Moxonidine
Moxonidine, sold as Physiotens and Cynt, is a centrally acting antihypertensive that stimulates I1-imidazoline receptors in the brainstem; it is approved for mild to moderate hypertension.