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Moorfields Eye Hospital
Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, founded 1804-1805 by John Cunningham Saunders, is the world's oldest eye hospital, now an NHS foundation trust on City Road with the UCL Institute of Ophthalmology.
Moral injury
Moral injury is lasting psychological harm from committing, witnessing, or being victimized by acts that violate deeply held moral beliefs, first described in military veterans.
Morcellation
Morcellation is a surgical technique that divides large tissue specimens, such as uterine fibroids, into fragments removable through small incisions during minimally invasive surgery.
MORDORIMort trial
MORDORIMort (MORDOR I, NCT02047981), a cluster-randomized phase 4 trial by UCSF in Malawi, Niger, and Tanzania, found biannual azithromycin mass distribution to children 1-59 months lowered mortality 13.5% overall, most in Niger, at the cost of macrolide resistance.
MORFICUS trial
MORFICUS (MORphine use in the Fascia Iliaca Compartment block with UltraSound guidance), EudraCT 2016-004698-42, a Dutch Phase IV randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial of ultrasound-guided levobupivacaine fascia iliaca block versus placebo for preoperative morphine consumption in 120 ED patients with proximal femur fracture.
Morgagni-Stewart-Morel syndrome
Morgagni-Stewart-Morel syndrome, also called hyperostosis frontalis interna, is a rare adult-onset cranial malformation of women, with frontal inner-table skull thickening plus obesity, hirsutism, diabetes, headaches, and neuropsychiatric symptoms; its existence as an entity is debated.
Morgellons
Morgellons, also called Morgellons disease or unexplained dermopathy, is a controversial skin condition marked by slowly healing lesions and a belief that fibers emerge from the skin.
Morgue
Morgue (mortuary): a facility where dead bodies are kept pending identification, autopsy, or burial. From the Paris morgue of 1804; hospital morgues use 4–8 °C cold storage, minimum 4-body capacity, and tiered NPAAC facility levels.
Moricizine
Moricizine (Ethmozine), a phenothiazine-derived class I antiarrhythmic synthesized in the USSR in 1964 and FDA-approved in 1990 for ventricular arrhythmias; CAST-II showed excess mortality versus placebo after myocardial infarction.
Morinidazole
Morinidazole (吗啉硝唑), sold as Mailinda, is a third-generation nitroimidazole antibacterial drug developed by Jiangsu Hansoh Pharmaceutical and approved in China in 2014 for anaerobic infections, mainly pelvic inflammatory disease.
Morning glory disc anomaly
Morning glory disc anomaly (MGDA) is a rare congenital optic nerve malformation with a funnel-shaped, flower-like optic disc, usually affecting one eye and impairing vision.
Morning sickness
Morning sickness, or nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP), affects up to 70–85% of pregnant women, starts before 9 weeks, and usually resolves by 14–20 weeks; its severe form is hyperemesis gravidarum, linked to the hormone GDF-15.
Moro reflex
Moro reflex, also called the startle or embrace reflex (Umklammerungsreflex), is a primitive newborn reflex elicited by sudden head drop, with arm extension-abduction then flexion; it disappears by 2–5 months and signals clavicle fracture, brachial plexus palsy, or brain injury when absent or asymmetric.
Moroctocog alfa
Moroctocog alfa (ReFacto, ReFacto AF, Xyntha) is a B-domain-deleted recombinant factor VIII for hemophilia A, first approved in the EU in 1999, with an albumin-free AF-CC version approved in 2008.
Morphea
Morphea (localized scleroderma, morphoea) is a rare autoimmune skin disease causing inflammation, fibrosis, and sclerosis of skin and sometimes deeper tissues, without internal organ involvement; subtypes include limited plaque, linear, and generalised forms, treated mainly with methotrexate and corticosteroids.
Morphine
Morphine, the principal opium poppy alkaloid isolated by Sertürner in 1803, is a mu-opioid receptor agonist and WHO essential medicine for severe pain, with major global access disparities and addiction risks.
Morphoea
Morphoea, usually spelled morphea and also called localized scleroderma, is a chronic inflammatory disorder that thickens the skin and underlying tissue but, unlike systemic sclerosis, spares internal organs; it mostly affects children and women.
Morphogen
Morphogen: a signaling molecule forming a concentration gradient that gives cells positional information during embryonic development. Term coined by Turing (1952); French Flag model by Wolpert (1969); examples include Bicoid, Shh, Dpp, BMP, and Nodal.
Morquio syndrome
Morquio syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type IV, Morquio-Brailsford disease) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder affecting the skeleton; type A stems from GALNS deficiency, type B from GLB1, treated with elosulfase alfa ERT.
Morris Green
Morris Green (1922–2013) was an American pediatrician and educator who led Indiana University's pediatrics department from 1967 to 1987 and helped create the Bright Futures health guidelines.
Mortality of autistic individuals
Mortality of autistic individuals: people with autism spectrum disorder die at about 2.4 times the general-population rate, with elevated suicide risk (RR 2.85, over 5 without intellectual disability), higher female risk, and life expectancy deficits of roughly 6 to 15 years in diagnosed groups.
Mortimer Sackler
Mortimer Sackler, American physician and co-owner of Purdue Frederick and Purdue Pharma with brothers Arthur and Raymond; his branch of the family, its OxyContin litigation, and the Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation philanthropy.
Morton Collins
Morton Collins was an American chemical engineer turned venture capitalist who founded Data Science Ventures in 1968 and was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2016.
Morton's neuroma
Morton's neuroma, or interdigital neuroma, is a thickening of tissue around an irritated common plantar digital nerve between the toes, usually the third web space. Treated first with footwear changes, then steroid injections or neurectomy; not a true nerve tumor.
Morton's toe
Morton's toe, also called Morton's foot or Greek foot, is a congenital foot shape with a short first metatarsal making the second toe look longer; distinct from Morton's neuroma, prevalence about 10-66% by population.
Morvan syndrome
Morvan syndrome, or Morvan fibrillary chorea, is a rare life-threatening autoimmune VGKC-complex (CASPR2/LGI1) channelopathy with neuromyotonia, dysautonomia, severe insomnia, and often thymoma.
Mosaic genome-wide paternal uniparental disomy syndrome
Mosaic genome-wide paternal uniparental disomy syndrome (androgenetic/biparental mosaicism, ORPHA:329813) is an ultra-rare chromosomal anomaly mixing paternal-only and biparental cell lines, causing Beckwith-Wiedemann features, hyperinsulinism, tumor risk, and 46,XX female-only occurrence.
Mosaic neurofibromatosis type 1
Mosaic neurofibromatosis type 1 (MNF1, mosaic NF1, formerly segmental NF1) is a postzygotic NF1 gene variant form of NF1 with segmental or generalized, usually milder features; confirmed by VAF under 50% in blood or identical variants in two lesions, with under 50% transmission risk.
Mosaic NF2-related schwannomatosis
Mosaic NF2-related schwannomatosis (mosaic NF2, ORPHA:634475) is a postzygotic NF2 variant form of NF2-related schwannomatosis causing multiple schwannomas, often asymmetric or segmental, milder than germline disease, with VAF under 50% in blood.
Mosaic schwannomatosis
Mosaic schwannomatosis (MNF3, mosaic SWN) is a rare mosaic form of schwannomatosis caused by postzygotic SMARCB1 or LZTR1 variants, producing multiple schwannomas with a milder phenotype; ORPHA:634492, ICD-11 LD2D.1Y.