Human health and medicine

Multiplexed tissue imaging

Multiplexed tissue imaging, also known as highly multiplexed tissue imaging, is a family of methods that measure dozens of biomarkers simultaneously in a single tissue section.

MultiSETS (Multicenter Schroth Exercise Trial for Scoliosis, NCT01610908) is a University of Alberta randomized trial of Schroth exercises added to standard care in 124 adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis, showing reduced torso asymmetry versus standard care alone.

Oct 22, 2026

Multistage vector

A multistage vector (MSV) is a particle-in-particle drug delivery system, described by Mauro Ferrari's Houston group in 2011, in which a disc-shaped porous silicon microparticle carries nanoparticles holding the therapeutic payload.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adults

MIS-C/A (MIS-C, MIS-A, PIMS-TS) is a rare post-infectious hyperinflammatory syndrome arising 2-6 weeks after often mild SARS-CoV-2 infection, mainly in children aged 5-11, with fever, cardiac involvement, and shock; incidence fell over 98% since 2021.

Multisystemic smooth muscle dysfunction syndrome

Multisystemic smooth muscle dysfunction syndrome (MSMDS, OMIM 613834) is an ultra-rare ACTA2-related genetic disorder causing congenital smooth muscle dysfunction, with fixed dilated pupils, patent ductus arteriosus, aortic and cerebrovascular disease, hypoperistalsis, and pulmonary hypertension.

Multisystemic therapy

Multisystemic therapy (MST) is an intensive, home-based psychotherapy for adolescents ages 12 to 17 with serious antisocial behavior, treating the family, school, and peers together.

Multivisceral resection

Multivisceral resection (MVR) is a surgical oncology procedure in which a primary tumor and adjacent invaded organs are removed together en bloc to achieve clear margins.

Multivisceral transplantation

Multivisceral transplantation is a rare operation replacing the stomach, pancreas, and intestine en bloc in one graft, either including the liver (full) or leaving the native liver in place (modified).

Multivitamin

Multivitamin (multivitamin/mineral, MVM) supplements combine vitamins and minerals; no standard composition exists. First sold in the 1940s, taken by about a third of U.S. adults; evidence insufficient for preventing CVD or cancer, but pregnancy and cognitive benefits reported.

Mumps

Mumps: contagious paramyxovirus infection of the salivary glands causing parotitis and fever; prevented by MMR vaccine; US cases fell over 99% after 1967 but rose since 2006.

Mumps without complication

Mumps without complication, or uncomplicated mumps, is the typical self-limiting course of mumps virus infection: parotitis and fever resolving within two weeks, no specific therapy, isolation for five days after swelling begins.

Oct 20, 2026

Municipal Hospitals

Municipal hospitals are hospitals owned and controlled by a city or municipal government, distinct from national, charitable, or private hospitals; Britain's were absorbed into the NHS in 1948.

Oct 20, 2026

Muniziq Saifula

木尼孜其赛甫拉 (Muniziq Saifula), also written 木斯力赛甫拉, is a Uyghur medicine maturant decoction from Mizani Tibb (1871), listed as entry 34 of China's second Ancient Classic Famous Formula Directory (2023) for abnormal bile-humor diseases.

Mupadolimab

Mupadolimab (CPI-006, CPX-006), Corvus Pharmaceuticals' humanized IgG1κ anti-CD73 antibody, blocks CD73 enzymatic activity and uniquely activates CD73-positive B cells via BCR signaling; studied in phase 1 cancer trials and a discontinued phase 3 COVID-19 trial.

Mupirocin

Mupirocin (pseudomonic acid A, Bactroban, Centany), a topical antibiotic from Pseudomonas fluorescens discovered in 1971, inhibits isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase; used for impetigo and MRSA nasal decolonization, with mupA/mupB-mediated resistance.

Muraglitazar

Muraglitazar (BMS-298585, Pargluva) was a dual PPARα/γ agonist for type 2 diabetes developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb and Merck; FDA approval was declined in 2005 after a meta-analysis showed excess death and cardiovascular events.

Murepavadin

Murepavadin (POL7080), a Polyphor cyclic peptide antibiotic and first OMPTA, targets LptD to block LPS transport in Pseudomonas aeruginosa; IV phase 3 development ended in 2019 over kidney injury, inhaled development continues.

Muromonab-cd3

Muromonab-CD3 (OKT3, Orthoclone OKT3) is a murine IgG2a anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, the first FDA-approved therapeutic mAb (1986), used for acute transplant rejection and withdrawn in 2010.

Murphy's sign

Murphy's sign, also called the sonographic Murphy sign, is inspiratory arrest on right upper quadrant palpation indicating acute cholecystitis; described by J. B. Murphy in 1903, specificity 79–96%, sensitivity about 65%.

Murray Valley encephalitis

Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE), also called Australian X disease historically, is a rare mosquito-borne flavivirus infection of the brain endemic to northern Australia and Papua New Guinea, with no vaccine and supportive treatment only.

MUSA study

MUSA (NCT05075642) is an Italian multicenter observational study of initial management of urinary disorders in multiple sclerosis, using UBQ-MS, ABSST, and PVR screening; distinct from a same-named incontinence surgery study.

MUSA-BEA study

MUSA-BEA (Bicocca Epidemiological Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors, NCT07207603) is an observational pilot cohort study screening Bicocca district residents in Milan for cardiovascular risk, exposome, and environmental factors within the PNRR-funded MUSA ecosystem.

Muscarinic antagonist

Muscarinic antagonist (antimuscarinic, anticholinergic): a drug that competitively blocks acetylcholine at M1-M5 muscarinic receptors. Derived from Solanaceae alkaloids like atropine; used for overactive bladder, COPD, motion sickness, and schizophrenia (COBENFY).

Muscle

Muscle: contractile animal tissue in three types, skeletal (voluntary, striated, ~40% of body weight), cardiac (involuntary, intercalated disks), and smooth (involuntary, nonstriated); contracts via actin-myosin sliding filaments; ages into sarcopenia.

Muscle atrophy

Muscle atrophy, also called muscle wasting, is the loss of muscle tissue from disuse, aging (sarcopenia), disease, or nerve injury, driven by ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy protein breakdown; exercise reverses physiologic forms.

Muscle biopsy

A muscle biopsy is a diagnostic procedure in which a small sample of skeletal muscle is surgically removed and examined microscopically to diagnose neuromuscular disease, used since 1865.

Muscle contraction

Muscle contraction: ATP-driven actin-myosin sliding in sarcomeres, described by the 1954 Huxley sliding filament theory; covers excitation-contraction coupling, the cross-bridge cycle, isometric, isotonic, concentric, and eccentric contraction types, and fatigue.

Muscle Denervation

Muscle denervation is the loss or removal of a muscle's nerve supply (MeSH D009121), causing atrophy, fibrillation, and altered membrane properties; diagnosed by needle EMG and treated with electrical stimulation, nerve transfer, or targeted muscle reinnervation.

Muscle dysmorphia

Muscle dysmorphia (bigorexia, reverse anorexia) is a pathological preoccupation with insufficient muscularity, classified as a body dysmorphic disorder specifier in DSM-5 and ICD-11, with prevalence around 7 to over 17 percent in weightlifting samples.