25,729 articles
Naftazone
Naftazone (Mediaven, Etioven) is a naphthoquinone vasoprotective and capillary-stabilizing drug (ATC C05CX02) for venous insufficiency, 30 mg once daily, with antiplatelet effects in vitro; approved products recorded as withdrawn.
Naftifine
Naftifine (Naftin) is a topical allylamine antifungal, FDA-approved since 1988, that inhibits squalene 2,3-epoxidase to treat tinea pedis, cruris, and corporis; no resistance mechanism identified.
Naftopidil
Naftopidil (ナフトピジル, Flivas) is an alpha-1d-selective alpha-blocker approved in Japan for urinary symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia, comparable to tamsulosin and silodosin, with fewer sexual adverse events than silodosin.
Naga bhasma
Naga bhasma (नाग भस्म), an Ayurvedic herbo-metallic lead calx prepared by shodhana, jarana, and repeated calcination, used traditionally for diabetes and spleen disorders; marketed samples show variable lead content and safety concerns.
Naga sodhana
Naga sodhana (Naga Shodhana) is the Ayurvedic purification of lead: repeated melting and quenching in sesame oil, buttermilk, kanji, cow urine, and horse gram decoction, producing Shodhita Naga for Naga bhasma preparation.
Nagarjunabhra rasa
Nagarjunabhra rasa (Nāgārjunābhra Rasa), an Ayurvedic herbo-mineral pill of 100-puta abhraka bhasma levigated with Terminalia arjuna bark decoction; AFI dose 125-250 mg, indicated mainly for hridroga (heart disease).
NAGARJUNANJANA
Nāgārjunāñjana (नागार्जुनाञ्जन) is a classical Ayurvedic collyrium named after the alchemist Nāgārjuna; AFI entry 11:2, a herbo-mineral eye salve with copper sulphate, calcined copper, and Triphala, indicated for timira and paṭala roga.
NAID-F trial
NAID-F (NCT07263529) is a single-center, open-label trial at Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa testing dietary counseling then 80 mg/day oral ferrous sulfate in 60 women aged 18-55 with non-anemic iron deficiency.
Nail (anatomy)
Nail (anatomy): the human fingernail or toenail, a keratin nail plate produced by the nail matrix, anchored by the nail bed, and bordered by folds, cuticle, lunula, and hyponychium; fingernails grow about 3 mm per month, toenails about 1.5 mm.
Nail atrophy
Nail atrophy (ICD-11 EE10.4) is thinning or loss of the nail plate from nail matrix damage, chiefly nail lichen planus or the rare childhood entity idiopathic atrophy of the nails (Samman, 1969).
Nail biting
Nail biting (onychophagia) is a body-focused repetitive behavior affecting 20-30% of people, classified in DSM-5-TR under other specified obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, treated mainly with habit reversal training and bitter polish.
Nail clubbing
Nail clubbing, or Hippocratic fingers, is bulbous enlargement of the fingertips with loss of the normal nail-fold angle, defined by a Lovibond angle over 180 degrees, linked to lung, heart, and liver disease and first described by Hippocrates in empyema.
Nail disease
Nail disease (nail disorders, onychomycosis, paronychia, nail psoriasis) covers infections, trauma, inflammatory and systemic conditions of the nail unit; fungi cause about 50% of nail dystrophies, with mean onychomycosis prevalence 4.3% in Europe and the US.
Nail fragility
Nail fragility (brittle nails, brittle nail syndrome, ICD-11 EE13.0): nail plate splitting and crumbling affecting up to 20% of people, mostly women over 50; idiopathic or secondary; treated by cause, protection, and supplements.
Nail hypertrophy
Nail hypertrophy (甲肥厚, onychauxis), ICD-11 EE10.3, is acquired thickening or overgrowth of the nail plate, including pachyonychia, subungual hyperkeratosis, and onychogryphosis; caused by fungal infection, psoriasis, trauma, or genetic disease.
Nail pitting
Nail pitting: small (about 1 mm or less) depressions in the nail plate from defective keratinization of the proximal nail matrix. Also called pitted nails. Often idiopathic; otherwise linked to psoriasis, alopecia areata, eczema, lichen planus, trachyonychia, chemotherapy, or nail cosmetics.
Nail-patella syndrome
Nail-patella syndrome (Fong disease, Turner-Kieser syndrome, HOOD), a rare autosomal dominant LMX1B disorder with nail dysplasia, absent or hypoplastic patellae, elbow dysplasia, pathognomonic iliac horns, nephropathy, and glaucoma.
Nail-patella-like renal disease
Nail-patella-like renal disease (Salcedo syndrome, ORPHA:2613, OMIM 256020) is an extremely rare LMX1B-related genetic glomerular disease with hematuria and proteinuria, moth-eaten glomerular basement membrane with type III collagen, and no nail or skeletal abnormalities.
NAION trial
Clinical trials for non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION): the IONDT surgical trial and small citicoline (CDP-choline) studies; no treatment has demonstrated proven efficacy.
Naked yoga
Naked yoga, or nagna yoga, is yoga practiced without clothing, alone or in classes. Ancient roots in India, 1960s US revival, modern studios like Bold & Naked Yoga NYC; promoted for body acceptance, with general yoga research showing modest body-image benefits.
Nalbuphine
Nalbuphine (NUBAIN) is a synthetic kappa-agonist, mu-antagonist opioid analgesic synthesized in 1965 and FDA-approved in 1979. Morphine-equivalent potency up to 30 mg, ceiling on respiratory depression, DEA Schedule None, boxed warning for addiction and respiratory risk.
Naldemedine
Naldemedine (Symproic, S-297995) is an oral peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist derived from naltrexone, FDA approved in 2017 for opioid-induced constipation in adults with chronic non-cancer pain, dosed 0.2 mg daily.
Nalfurafine
Nalfurafine (TRK-820, Remitch) is a selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist antipruritic by Toray Industries, approved in Japan 2009 and later South Korea and China for refractory dialysis and chronic liver disease itch; EMA application withdrawn 2014.
Nalidixic Acid
Nalidixic acid is a synthetic antibacterial drug and the founding member of the quinolone antibiotics, introduced in 1964 for urinary tract infections and later abandoned as resistance grew.
NALM-6
NALM-6 (Nalm-6, NALM6) is a human pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line established in 1976 from a 19-year-old man with relapsed ALL; DSMZ ACC 128, ATCC CRL-3273, widely used in B-ALL drug and CAR-T xenograft research.
Nalmefene
Nalmefene (Selincro, Opvee, Zurnai) is a synthetic opioid antagonist, a 6-methyl naltrexone derivative, approved in Europe since 2013 for reducing alcohol consumption and in the US for opioid overdose reversal.
Naloxegol
Naloxegol (Movantik, Moventig) is a PEGylated naloxone derivative and peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist approved in 2014 as the first once-daily oral PAMORA for opioid-induced constipation in adults.
Naloxone
Naloxone, also known as Narcan, is an opioid antagonist medication that rapidly reverses opioid overdoses; a nasal spray was approved over the counter in 2023.
Nalpamaradi Taila
Nalpamaradi Taila (Nālpāmarādi taila, Nalpamaradi Kera Tailam), a classical Ayurvedic medicated oil from the Sahasrayoga, built on four Ficus barks plus turmeric and Triphala, applied externally for skin diseases such as eczema and itching.
Naltrexone
Naltrexone, an opioid antagonist (Revia, Vivitrol), blocks mu-opioid receptors; FDA approved 1984 for opioid addiction, 1994 oral and 2006 injectable for alcohol use disorder, reducing craving and heavy drinking.