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Palilalia
Palilalia is the involuntary repetition of one's own words or phrases, first described by Souques in 1908, with accelerating, fading repetitions; a complex phonic tic in Tourette syndrome and a sign of stroke, parkinsonism, and dementia.
Palindromic rheumatism
Palindromic rheumatism is a rare rheumatic condition of sudden, recurring joint attacks lasting hours to days, with no residual damage; about half of patients develop rheumatoid arthritis.
Palinopsia
Palinopsia, or visual perseveration, is the abnormal persistence or recurrence of an image after its stimulus is gone. Distinct from normal afterimages, it divides into hallucinatory (lesions, seizures) and illusory (migraine, drugs) types.
Paliperidone
Paliperidone (9-hydroxyrisperidone, INVEGA) is an atypical antipsychotic and the active metabolite of risperidone, given as extended-release oral tablets (3–12 mg/day) or monthly paliperidone palmitate injection for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.
Palivizumab
Palivizumab (Synagis, MEDI-493) is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody against the RSV F protein, given monthly at 15 mg/kg to high-risk infants; FDA-approved 1998, discontinued December 31, 2025 after nirsevimab and clesrovimab replaced it.
Palliative care
Palliative care: WHO-defined approach relieving physical, psychosocial, and spiritual suffering in life-threatening illness; founded via Cicely Saunders's 1967 St Christopher's Hospice; only 14% of the 56.8 million in need receive it.
Palliative Care Outcome Scale
The Palliative Care Outcome Scale (POS) is a ten-item questionnaire measuring symptoms and concerns in palliative care patients, developed in 1999 and used in over 20 countries.
Palliative sedation
Palliative sedation, also called terminal or continuous deep sedation, is monitored sedative medication that reduces awareness to relieve refractory suffering at the end of life; midazolam is standard, survival studies show no shortening, and it is ethically distinguished from euthanasia by intent and proportionality.
Pallidotomy
Pallidotomy is a stereotactic neurosurgical operation that destroys a small target in the globus pallidus internus to relieve Parkinson's motor symptoms, especially levodopa-induced dyskinesia, rigidity, and tremor.
Pallister-Hall syndrome
Pallister-Hall syndrome (PHS, MIM 146510), an autosomal dominant GLI3-related disorder with hypothalamic hamartoma, polydactyly, bifid epiglottis, and imperforate anus; caused by truncating GLI3 variants in the gene's middle third, allelic to Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome.
Pallister-Killian syndrome
Pallister-Killian syndrome (PKS, isochromosome 12p syndrome, mosaic tetrasomy 12p) is a rare sporadic disorder from tissue-limited mosaicism for an extra i(12p), causing hypotonia, intellectual disability, diaphragmatic hernia, and pigmentary skin changes.
Pallor conjunctiva
Pallor conjunctiva (conjunctival pallor), ICD-11 MC16, is paleness of the inner eyelid lining used as a bedside sign of anemia; likelihood ratio about 4.5 when present, high specificity but low screening sensitivity.
Pallor mortis
Pallor mortis is the paleness of skin appearing 15-30 minutes after death, the earliest of the four classical postmortem signs with algor, rigor, and livor mortis; distinct from contact pallor, the pressure-induced absence of lividity.
Palmar arches
The palmar arches are two arterial loops in the palm that join the ulnar and radial arteries into one circuit, so either forearm artery can supply the whole hand.
Palmaris longus muscle
Palmaris longus, a slender superficial forearm flexor muscle (musculus palmaris longus) running from the medial humeral epicondyle to the palmar aponeurosis; absent in about 20% of people and widely used as a tendon graft donor.
Palmetto Health Richland
Palmetto Health Richland, now Prisma Health Richland Hospital, is a Columbia, South Carolina hospital tracing to 1892; a Level 1 trauma center, teaching hospital, and former Palmetto Health flagship renamed in 2019.
Palmoplantar keratoderma-esophageal carcinoma syndrome
Palmoplantar keratoderma-esophageal carcinoma syndrome, also called tylosis with esophageal cancer, Howel-Evans syndrome, or TOC (OMIM 148500), is a rare autosomal dominant RHBDF2 disorder causing palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and a very high lifetime risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Palmoplantar keratodermas
Palmoplantar keratodermas (PPK) are a heterogeneous group of inherited or acquired disorders causing persistent thickening of palm and sole skin, sometimes with nail, hair, tooth, hearing, or heart involvement.
Palonosetron
Palonosetron (Aloxi, RS 25259-197) is a second-generation 5-HT3 receptor antagonist antiemetic given as a single IV dose (0.25 mg CINV, 0.075 mg PONV), distinguished by a ~40-hour half-life and allosteric receptor binding.
Palovarotene
Palovarotene (Sohonos) is a selective RAR-gamma retinoid agonist, the first FDA-approved drug (2023) for fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, reducing new heterotopic ossification via SMAD1/5/8 inhibition; first approved in Canada in 2022, refused by EMA.
Palpation
Palpation is the physical examination technique of feeling the body with fingers or hands, one of four exam methods (inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation), used for pulses, swelling, temperature, tenderness, and guiding diagnosis and treatment.
Palpitations
Palpitations: awareness of an abnormal, rapid, or irregular heartbeat, felt as fluttering or pounding in the chest or neck. A symptom, not a diagnosis; causes include arrhythmias, anxiety, thyroid disease, and drugs; evaluated with 12-lead ECG and ambulatory monitoring.
Palsy of conjugate gaze
Palsy of conjugate gaze (ICD-11 9C83.0, ICD-10 H51.0): both eyes cannot move together in one direction, usually horizontal from pontine stroke, vertical from midbrain lesions, Parinaud syndrome, or PSP.
Paltusotine
Paltusotine, sold as Palsonify, is a nonpeptide, orally given selective agonist of the somatostatin receptor subtype 2, approved in the United States in September 2025 to treat acromegaly in adults.
Pamidronic acid
Pamidronic acid, also called pamidronate, is a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate drug that binds to bone and inhibits osteoclasts, given intravenously for hypercalcemia of malignancy, Paget's disease, and bone metastases.
Pamiparib
Pamiparib (BGB-290) is BeiGene's oral PARP1/PARP2 inhibitor for HRD cancers; conditionally approved in China for germline BRCA ovarian cancer and studied with tislelizumab, temozolomide, and surufatinib.
Panacea (medicine)
Panacea (Greek Panakeia, πανάκεια), a universal remedy or cure-all; named for Asclepius's daughter, embodied historically in theriac and Mithridatium, later in patent medicines, now used figuratively.
Panaka
Panaka is an Ayurvedic summer drink made by infusing water with jaggery and sour fruits, documented in classical texts like Charaka and Sushruta Samhita for thirst, intoxication, and heat disorders; modern clinical evidence remains minimal.
Pancagavya ghrta
Pancagavya ghrta (Pañcagavya Ghṛta) is an official Ayurvedic medicated ghee made from cow dung extract, milk, curd, urine, and ghee, indicated classically for epilepsy, fever, and jaundice and studied by CCRAS for safety and immunomodulation.
Pancaguna Taila
Pancaguna Taila (Pañca guṇa taila, Panchgun Tel) is a classical Ayurvedic medicated sesame-oil formulation, AFI000545, for external use in joint disorders, earache, and wounds via Abhyanga and ear procedures.