25,729 articles
PRIME Care trial
PRIME Care (PRecision Medicine In MEntal health Care), NCT03170362, a VA pragmatic randomized trial of pharmacogenomic-guided antidepressant prescribing in 1,944 veterans with major depressive disorder at 22 medical centers; it changed prescribing but showed small, nonpersistent remission gains.
PRIME trial (NCT07125625)
PRIME (NCT07125625) is a University of Bari randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial testing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG plus L. plantarum 299V drops for abdominal pain in 124 children aged 4-18 with Rome IV irritable bowel syndrome.
PRIMERA study
PRIMERA (NCT04188275) is a prospective observational trial from Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, studying circulating miRNA and AR-V7/ARFL/PSMA on circulating tumor cells in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients starting abiraterone or enzalutamide plus LHRH agonist therapy; interim analyses linked CTC and ARFL detection to shorter time to castration resistance.
Primidone
Primidone (Mysoline, Desoxyphenobarbital) is a 1954 FDA-approved anticonvulsant similar to phenobarbital, metabolized to PEMA and phenobarbital, used for grand mal, psychomotor, and focal seizures and as first-line therapy for essential tremor.
Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the cervix uteri
Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the cervix uteri, a peripheral PNET or Ewing sarcoma family tumor, is a rare cervical cancer of neural crest origin with small round cells, EWSR1-FLI1 fusions, CD99 positivity, and multimodal Ewing-style treatment.
Primitive reflexes
Primitive reflexes: involuntary brainstem-mediated motor responses (Moro, grasp, rooting, Galant, tonic neck) present from about 25 weeks of gestation, normally inhibited by 4-6 months, and clinically significant when absent, persistent, or reemergent.
Primordial dwarfism
Primordial dwarfism: group of rare genetic disorders (Seckel, MOPD I/II/III, Meier-Gorlin, Silver-Russell) with prenatal-onset extreme growth failure; MOPDII, the most common form, is caused by PCNT mutations.
PRIMULTI trial
DANAMI-3-PRIMULTI (NCT01960933), a Danish open-label randomized trial of 627 STEMI patients with multivessel disease, showed FFR-guided staged complete revascularization before discharge reduced MACE versus culprit-only PCI (13% vs 22%, HR 0.56), driven by fewer repeat revascularizations.
Prinomastat
Prinomastat (AG3340), an Agouron/Pfizer nonpeptidic hydroxamate MMP-2/-9/-13/-14 inhibitor and angiogenesis inhibitor, reached phase III trials in lung and prostate cancer but showed no survival benefit and was discontinued.
Prior Authorization
Prior authorization (preauthorization, precertification): health plan approval required before a service, drug, or equipment is covered. Used across Medicare Advantage, Medicaid, and commercial plans; CMS-0057-F sets 72-hour/7-day decision deadlines.
Priorix
Priorix, GSK's live attenuated trivalent measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (Schwarz, RIT 4385, Wistar RA 27/3 strains), registered in Germany 1997, WHO prequalified 2001, FDA licensed June 2022 as the second US MMR vaccine alongside M-M-R II.
Priscilla Chan
Priscilla Chan is an American pediatrician and philanthropist who co-founded the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative with her husband, Mark Zuckerberg, in 2015. She earned her medical degree at UCSF.
Pristina2/TR trial
Pristina2/TR (NCT04009278) was a Reggio Emilia, Italy randomized trial of patient self-compression versus radiographer compression in mammography: 495 women; stronger compression and similar image quality but no glandular dose reduction or change in pain or follow-up attendance.
Pritelivir
Pritelivir (BAY 57-1293, AIC316), an AiCuris thiazolylamide helicase-primase inhibitor for HSV-1/2, in Phase 3 PRIOH-1 for acyclovir-resistant HSV with FDA priority review.
Private Hospitals
Private hospitals: hospitals controlled by non-government entities, for-profit or not-for-profit, including proprietary, religious, and voluntary hospitals; covers ownership history, funding, regulation, and performance versus public hospitals.
Private Practice
Private practice is a medical practice wholly owned by physicians rather than a hospital or health system; only 42.2% of US physicians worked in one in 2024.
PRO-BAC study
PRO-BAC (NCT03148769) is a Spanish prospective multicentre cohort of bloodstream infections in adults from 26 hospitals, October 2016 to March 2017, source of the PROBAC mortality score and many pathogen-specific analyses.
Pro-Cog trial
Pro-Cog (NCT04997226), Cognitive Enhancement in Healthy Elderly People, a Bar-Ilan University trial led by Michal Lavidor testing tDCS/tACS brain stimulation plus cognitive training for memory in adults 55-75, distinct from the probiotic Pro-COG trial NCT07073781.
PRO-FAST trial
PRO-FAST (NCT05936736) is a San Raffaele, Milan single-arm prospective trial of one-day, single-fraction 24 Gy urethral-sparing HDR-like robotic SBRT for localized prostate cancer, testing acute grade ≥3 toxicity in 70 patients.
PROactive trial
PROactive (PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial In macroVascular Events), also called PROACTIVE, a 2005 Lancet randomized trial of pioglitazone in 5,238 high-risk type 2 diabetes patients: primary endpoint HR 0.90 (nonsignificant), secondary endpoint HR 0.84 (significant), more heart failure.
Probenecid
Probenecid (Benemid) is a uricosuric, OAT1/OAT3/URAT1-inhibiting drug introduced in 1950 to prolong penicillin, now a second-line gout urate-lowering agent with research uses in neurology and cardiology.
Probiotic therapy
Probiotic therapy is the administration of live microorganisms, most often lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, or the yeast Saccharomyces boulardii, to prevent or treat gastrointestinal conditions.
PROBIT-F trial
PROBIT-F (NCT03199820) was a UK open-label feasibility RCT comparing Propess dinoprostone with a cervical ripening balloon catheter for outpatient labour induction; only 38 women randomized, a full trial judged not feasible.
Problem gambling
Problem gambling is gambling behavior causing harm to the gambler or others, from risky play to gambling disorder (DSM-5, ICD-11). WHO estimates 1.2% of adults have the disorder; harmful gamblers generate about 60% of losses.
Problem Video Game Playing Questionnaire
Problem Video Game Playing Questionnaire (PVP, Problem Video Game Playing Scale), a nine-item yes/no self-report screen for problematic gaming by Tejeiro Salguero and Bersabé Morán, validated on Spanish adolescents, scored problematic at six or more positive answers.
Problem-oriented medical record
The problem-oriented medical record (POMR) is a method of organizing medical records around a patient's problem list, introduced by Lawrence L. Weed in his 1968 New England Journal of Medicine paper.
Problem-solving skills training
Problem-solving skills training (PSST) is a structured cognitive-behavioral method, introduced by Alan Kazdin in 1987, that teaches clients to solve personal and interpersonal problems step by step.
Problem-solving therapy
Problem-solving therapy (PST) is a cognitive-behavioral intervention that trains clients to define problems, generate and evaluate solutions, and cope with stressors, best established as a treatment for depression in 4 to 12 sessions.
Proboscis lateralis
Proboscis lateralis (congenital tubular nose) is a rare congenital anomaly in which one side of the external nose fails to form and is replaced by a 2–3 cm tubular appendage at the medial canthus, usually with ipsilateral nasal and ocular defects.
Probucol
Probucol is a synthetic lipid-lowering and antioxidant drug that lowers LDL cholesterol but also lowers HDL; withdrawn in the United States in 1995, it remains in use in Japan.