25,729 articles
Renovascular hypertension
Renovascular hypertension, also called renal hypertension, is secondary hypertension from renal artery stenosis (atherosclerosis ~90%, fibromuscular dysplasia ~10%) activating the renin-angiotensin system; medical therapy is first-line, with selective revascularization.
RENOVATE trial
RENOVATE-COMPLEX-PCI (NCT03381872) is a 1,639-patient Korean randomized trial showing IVUS/OCT-guided PCI reduced target vessel failure versus angiography guidance in complex coronary lesions, sustained at 5.3 years (10.5% vs 14.9%).
Renpenning syndrome
Renpenning syndrome (OMIM 309500), also called Sutherland-Haan or Golabi-Ito-Hall syndrome, is a rare X-linked recessive intellectual disability caused by PQBP1 mutations, with microcephaly, short stature, leanness, and small testes in males.
Renshaw cell
Renshaw cell: spinal inhibitory interneuron (named for Birdsey Renshaw, 1941) in the ventral horn's lamina VII/IX; excited cholinergically by α-motoneuron collaterals, it inhibits motoneurons glycinergically, mediating recurrent inhibition.
Renzapride
Renzapride (BRL 24924, ATL-1251) is a substituted benzamide, full 5-HT4 agonist and 5-HT3/5-HT2b antagonist developed by Alizyme for IBS-C; Phase III efficacy was marginal and development was discontinued.
Renzhai Zhizhi
仁斋直指 (Renzhai Zhizhi, also 仁斋直指方论) is a 26-juan Southern Song medical compendium by Yang Shiying, completed 1264, covering 72 disease categories with formulas, attached to the 7-juan Shanghan Leishu Huoren Zongkuo and known through Zhu Chongzheng's 1550 Ming edition with added fuyi supplements.
Reparixin
Reparixin (repertaxin, DF 1681Y), Dompé's oral non-competitive allosteric CXCR1/CXCR2 (IL-8 receptor) inhibitor derived from ibuprofen; tested in transplant, breast cancer, and COVID-19 trials, not approved.
Repeat Cesarean Section
Repeat cesarean section (RCS, ERCS): surgical birth by abdominal hysterotomy after a previous cesarean. Alternative is VBAC/TOLAC; rupture risk 1 in 200 vs under 1 in 4,000; risks of previa, accreta, hysterectomy rise with each cesarean.
Repeated low-level red-light therapy
Repeated low-level red-light therapy (RLRL) is a myopia-control treatment using short daily sessions of low-power 650 nm red light to slow myopia progression in children.
Reperfusion
Reperfusion is restoration of blood supply to ischemic tissue, mainly via fibrinolysis, primary PCI, or thrombectomy in heart attack and stroke; time-critical, but can itself cause reperfusion injury through oxidative stress, calcium overload, and no-reflow.
Reperfusion injury
Reperfusion injury, or ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), is paradoxical tissue damage caused by restoring blood flow after ischemia, affecting heart, brain, kidney, and gut; mechanisms include reactive oxygen species, calcium overload, and microvascular dysfunction.
Reperfusion therapy
Myocardial reperfusion restores blood flow to ischemic heart muscle, mainly via primary PCI or fibrinolysis for STEMI. Key limits: 90/120-minute targets, reperfusion injury, and no-reflow.
Repetitive nerve stimulation
Repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) is a neurophysiological test that repeatedly stimulates a motor nerve and records muscle responses, used chiefly to diagnose myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome.
Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation
Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique delivering magnetic pulses over peripheral nerves and muscles, used mainly for poststroke motor impairment and spasticity.
Repetitive strain injury
Repetitive strain injury (RSI), also called cumulative trauma disorder or work-related upper limb disorder, is pain in muscles, nerves, and tendons from repetitive movement and overuse, affecting forearms, wrists, hands, neck, and shoulders.
Replantation
Replantation is the surgical reattachment of a completely severed body part, such as a finger, thumb, hand, or limb, with blood vessels repaired under a microscope to restore circulation.
Repotrectinib
Repotrectinib (Augtyro, TPX-0005) is an oral ROS1/TRK/ALK kinase inhibitor approved by the FDA in 2023 for ROS1-positive NSCLC, including prior-TKI patients, and in 2024 for NTRK fusion-positive solid tumors.
Representational similarity analysis
Representational similarity analysis is a neuroimaging method, introduced by Nikolaus Kriegeskorte in 2008, that characterizes brain representations by pairwise dissimilarities among activity patterns, enabling comparisons across species and models.
REPRIEVE trial
REPRIEVE (Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV, NCT02344290) is a phase 3 NIH-funded trial of 7,769 people with HIV showing pitavastatin 4 mg daily reduced major adverse cardiovascular events by 35% versus placebo, driving 2024 statin guidelines.
REPRINT trial
REPRINT trial (NCT06302569, EU CT 2024-511587-93-00): single-arm phase II study of pembrolizumab plus enfortumab vedotin in rare collecting duct and renal medullary kidney carcinoma, 23 patients, primary endpoint objective response rate, Milan sponsor.
Reproductive Behavior
Reproductive behavior: human behavior and decisions related to reproduction (MeSH D043762), covering contraception, delayed childbearing, and voluntary childlessness; shaped by the demographic transition and falling global fertility.
Reproductive health
Reproductive health is complete physical, mental, and social well-being in all matters of the reproductive system, defined at the 1994 ICPD in Cairo, including safe sex, fertility, and reproductive choice.
Reproductive History
Reproductive history, also called pregnancy or birth history, is the record of a person's pregnancies, outcomes, breastfeeding, menstruation, fertility, and contraceptive use, used in clinical care and epidemiology.
Reproductive system
The reproductive system, also called the genital system, is the organ system producing offspring: in women the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus, and in men the testes and sperm-carrying ducts.
Reproxalap
Reproxalap (Aldeyra Therapeutics) is a first-in-class RASP inhibitor eye drop, 0.25% ophthalmic solution, investigated for dry eye disease and allergic conjunctivitis; rejected three times by FDA, pending dispute resolution.
Resatorvid
Resatorvid (TAK-242, CLI-095) is a small-molecule TLR4 inhibitor binding Cys747 in the intracellular TIR domain, blocking TIRAP/TRAM adaptor interactions. Reached phase 3 for severe sepsis but failed to reduce cytokines or mortality; now a research tool.
Rescinnamine
Rescinnamine (Moderil) is a Rauwolfia serpentina indole alkaloid antihypertensive, C35H42N2O9, ATC C02AA01, described as an ACE inhibitor by DrugBank; FDA approved 1956, later discontinued.
Rescue Work
Rescue work is the effort to free people or animals trapped by accidents, fires, floods, earthquakes, and other disasters, usually performed by teams and not restricted to organized services.
RESCUE-AS trial
RESCUE-AS (NCT07335107), also called RESCUE-AS trial, is a phase 3 Chinese trial testing IV tirofiban after bridging therapy (EVT plus tenecteplase) in 564 patients with atherosclerotic large vessel occlusion stroke and successful reperfusion.
Research diagnostic criteria
The Research Diagnostic Criteria are explicit, symptom-based criteria for 25 psychiatric disorders, published in 1978 by Spitzer, Endicott, and Robins as the basis for DSM-III.