Human health and medicine

Research Domain Criteria

The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) is a research framework launched by NIMH in 2009 that classifies psychopathology by dimensions of behavior and neurobiological functioning rather than symptom-based diagnostic categories.

RESECT-RGO trial

RESECT-RGO (NCT03357809), Endoscopic Resection in Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease, a French trial of endoscopic resection for GERD sponsored by Hospital St. Joseph, Marseille; suspended for lack of efficacy and poor tolerance, with no results posted.

Resection arthroplasty

Resection arthroplasty is an orthopedic operation that removes damaged joint surfaces or a prosthesis without replacing them, mainly to eradicate infection; the hip form is the Girdlestone procedure.

Reserpine

Reserpine, an alkaloid of Rauwolfia serpentina isolated at Ciba in 1952 (brand Serpasil), was the first widely used long-term antihypertensive and an early antipsychotic; it lowers systolic pressure about 8 mmHg but is now withdrawn in the US.

Residence Characteristics

Residence characteristics: MeSH descriptor (D012111, introduced 1968) covering elements of residence that characterize a population, including housing, home environment, neighborhood characteristics, and residential segregation, used in health services and neighborhood-effects research.

Residency (medicine)

Residency (medicine): supervised postgraduate hospital training after medical school, originating at Johns Hopkins in 1889 under William Osler; governed by ACGME standards, 80-hour work limits, and NRMP Match placement.

Residential Facilities

Residential facilities (MeSH D012112): long-term care facilities providing supervision and assistance with activities of daily living, with medical and nursing services when required; includes assisted living, group homes, halfway houses, and homes for the aged.

Residential Segregation

Residential segregation: the spatial separation of racial, ethnic, or income groups across a metropolitan area's neighborhoods. Measured chiefly by the dissimilarity index; shaped in the U.S. by redlining, restrictive covenants, and zoning; linked to health and economic disparities.

Residual disease testing

Residual disease testing, also called measurable or minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment, detects the few cancer cells that persist in blood or bone marrow after treatment, guiding relapse risk.

Residual SYNTAX score

The residual SYNTAX score (rSS) is an angiographic measure of coronary disease left untreated after percutaneous coronary intervention, with a score of 0 defining complete revascularization.

Oct 20, 2026

Residual Volume

Residual volume (RV) is the gas remaining in the lungs after maximal exhalation; measured indirectly as FRC minus ERV or TLC minus vital capacity, it prevents alveolar collapse and rises in obstructive air trapping.

Resistance to thyroid hormone due to a mutation in thyroid hormone receptor alpha

Resistance to thyroid hormone due to a mutation in thyroid hormone receptor alpha (RTHα) is a rare inherited disorder caused by THRA gene mutations, first identified in 2012.

Resistance to thyroid hormone due to a mutation in thyroid hormone receptor beta

RTHβ (resistance to thyroid hormone beta), THRB/TRβ mutation disorder: elevated free T4/T3 with non-suppressed TSH, goiter, tachycardia, short stature, ADHD; autosomal dominant, about 1 in 40,000.

Resistant hypertension

Resistant hypertension is blood pressure that remains above goal despite three antihypertensive drugs of different classes including a diuretic, affecting roughly 5 to 10 percent of treated patients.

Resistant starch

Resistant starch is starch that escapes small-intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon to short-chain fatty acids. Types RS1–RS5; sources include legumes, green bananas, and cooked-cooled starches; studied for glycemic, lipid, and bowel benefits.

Reslizumab

Reslizumab (Cinqair, Cinqaero) is a humanized IgG4-kappa anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody for add-on treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma in adults, given as 3 mg/kg intravenous infusion every 4 weeks, with a boxed anaphylaxis warning.

RESOLUTE-AC trial

RESOLUTE-AC (RESOLUTE All Comers, NCT00617084) was a randomized noninferiority trial of 2292 all-comer patients comparing the Resolute zotarolimus-eluting stent with the Xience-V everolimus-eluting stent; target lesion failure was 8.2% vs 8.3% at 12 months, with no differences through 5 years.

Resonance frequency analysis

Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) is a noninvasive chairside test that measures a dental implant's vibration to assess stability and osseointegration, reported as an implant stability quotient from 1 to 99.

Resource-Limited Settings

Resource-limited settings, also called low resource settings, are environments where quality critical care is constrained by shortages of staff, infrastructure, and evidence, affecting over two-thirds of the world's population.

RESOVIR-2 trial

The RESOVIR-2 trial (NCT06917001) is a Phase 2a, randomized, placebo-controlled trial sponsored by the Federal University of Minas Gerais testing oral resomelagon, an anti-inflammatory melanocortin receptor agonist, as add-on therapy for symptomatic dengue in 120 adults.

Oct 15, 2026

Respicardia

Respicardia is a Minnesota medical device company, founded in 2006, that developed the implantable remedē System for central sleep apnea, approved by the FDA in 2017.

Respiration (physiology)

Respiration (physiology): gas exchange supplying oxygen and removing carbon dioxide, covering pulmonary versus cellular respiration, diffusion, ventilation–perfusion matching, Bohr and Haldane effects, breathing control, and responses to exercise and altitude.

Respiratory acidosis

Respiratory acidosis (primary hypercapnia): CO2 retention from alveolar hypoventilation raising PaCO2 above 45 mmHg and lowering pH below 7.35; acute versus chronic renal compensation; causes include COPD, obesity hypoventilation, opioids, and neuromuscular disease.

Respiratory alkalosis

Respiratory alkalosis, also called hypocapnic alkalosis, is a primary fall in arterial PaCO2 from hyperventilation, raising pH above 7.45; causes include hypoxia, anxiety, sepsis, and salicylates.

Respiratory arrest

Respiratory arrest, also called pulmonary arrest, is the cessation of breathing, caused by airway obstruction, decreased respiratory effort, or respiratory muscle weakness; untreated, it usually leads to cardiac arrest.

Respiratory arrest of newborn

Respiratory arrest of newborn (ICD-11 KB2E; ICD-10-CM P28.81) is complete cessation of breathing in a neonate requiring resuscitation, distinct from apnea needing only stimulation; treated primarily with positive-pressure ventilation, escalating to compressions and epinephrine.

Respiratory bronchiolitis-interstitial lung disease syndrome

RB-ILD (respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease, ORPHA:79127) is a rare smoking-related idiopathic interstitial pneumonia in heavy smokers, causing cough, dyspnea, centrilobular ground-glass nodules on CT, treated mainly by smoking cessation with a good prognosis.

Respiratory care

Respiratory care: the healthcare discipline of respiratory therapists who evaluate, treat, and manage cardiopulmonary disorders from neonates to geriatric patients under medical direction; defined by the AARC scope of practice and advanced practice (APRT) standards.

Respiratory center

Respiratory center: the brainstem neuronal network (medullary pre-Bötzinger complex, Bötzinger complex, RTN/pFRG, pontine respiratory group) that generates and modulates the automatic breathing rhythm, shaped by CO2/pH chemoreceptor and lung mechanoreceptor feedback.