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Skin cancer
Skin cancer: cancer arising in skin tissues, mainly basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Most common US cancer; UV exposure is the main risk factor; melanoma causes most deaths.
Skin care
Skin care: cleansing, moisturizing, and sun protection practices for skin health. Core routine is gentle cleanser, moisturizer, SPF 30+ sunscreen; moisturizer choice follows skin type; many marketing claims are unregulated.
Skin condition
Skin condition: any disorder altering skin appearance or function; the eczema/dermatitis family, especially atopic dermatitis, a chronic itchy inflammatory condition with barrier disruption, immune dysregulation, and topical treatments.
Skin disinfection
Skin disinfection is the application of an antiseptic, usually chlorhexidine, iodine, or alcohol, to a patient's skin before surgery or catheter insertion to lower infection risk.
Skin expansion
Skin expansion is a surgical technique in which an inflatable device implanted under the skin is gradually filled to stretch tissue, generating extra skin for repairs, mainly breast reconstruction.
Skin fragility
Skin fragility: skin that blisters and breaks easily from mild friction or trauma, caused by genetic (epidermolysis bullosa), autoimmune, infectious, drug-induced, or age-related mechanisms; ICD-11 EE40.3.
Skin graft failure
Skin graft failure (ICD-11 EL53) is loss of a grafted skin, via necrosis, dehiscence, or rejection. Causes include hematoma, infection, shear; rates 3.6% STSG, higher in full-thickness and lower limb grafts.
Skin grafting
Skin grafting: transfer of autologous skin (split- or full-thickness) to a wound without blood supply; take via plasmatic imbibition, inosculation, maturation; supplemented by substitutes like Integra and Epicel for large burns.
Skin prick test
The skin prick test is a diagnostic procedure that detects IgE-mediated allergy by introducing small amounts of suspected allergens into the skin, with results in 15 to 20 minutes.
Skin scratch test
The skin scratch test, also called the allergy scratch test, is an allergy diagnostic procedure in which allergen drops are scratched into the skin to detect IgE-mediated sensitization.
Skin tag
Skin tag (acrochordon): a common benign, soft, stalked skin growth found in skin folds such as the neck, armpits, eyelids, and groin; linked to obesity, diabetes, and pregnancy, and removed by freezing, heat, or snipping.
Skin Test End-Point Titration
Skin test end-point titration (SET, serial dilution end-point titration, intradermal dilutional testing) is a quantitative intradermal allergy test using increasing allergen dilutions to find a wheal endpoint, developed by Herbert J. Rinkel, used to set immunotherapy doses.
Skin testing
Skin testing is an in vivo allergy diagnostic method in which allergens applied to or injected into the skin provoke reactions, identifying immediate IgE-mediated allergy or delayed contact allergy.
Skin Tests
Skin tests: prick, intradermal, and patch tests that expose skin to allergens or drugs to diagnose immediate (IgE) or delayed hypersensitivity; prick test read at 15-20 minutes, pooled sensitivity 85% for allergic rhinitis.
Skin whitening
Skin whitening (skin lightening, skin bleaching) is the cosmetic practice of reducing melanin to lighten skin tone, a $8.8 billion global market driven by colorism and beauty ideals, with hazardous ingredients such as mercury and hydroquinone regulated or banned in the US, EU, and under the Minamata Convention.
Skin Window Technique
The Skin Window Technique, also known as the Rebuck Skin Window Technique, is a lab method developed by John W. Rebuck to study cellular migration during immune reactions since 1955.
Skin-sparing mastectomy
Skin-sparing mastectomy, first described in 1991, is a breast cancer operation that removes all breast tissue and the nipple-areola complex while preserving about 90–95% of the skin.
Skinfold Thickness
Skinfold thickness: subcutaneous fat measured by pinching a skin-and-fat fold and reading it with a caliper at sites like triceps and subscapular; used for body fat estimation, distinct from BIA and DXA.
Skipping rope
A skipping rope, also called a jump rope, is a length of rope with handles swung under the feet and jumped over as play, exercise, or sport.
Skull
Skull (cranium): the 22-bone structure of the head, divided into neurocranium and viscerocranium, joined by sutures; protects the brain, forms the face, and anchors clinical topics like fracture, craniosynostosis, and skull lesions.
Skull base reconstruction
Skull base reconstruction is the neurosurgical repair of skull base defects after endoscopic endonasal approaches, using vascularized flaps such as the nasoseptal flap to achieve CSF leak rates below 5%.
Skull fracture
Skull fracture: a break in cranial bones from head trauma. Types include linear, depressed, basilar, and diastatic fractures; CT is the imaging standard, and isolated linear fractures are usually treated conservatively.
Skycellflu inj.
SKYCellflu Quadrivalent inj. (SKYCellflu QIV) is SK Bioscience's cell culture-derived inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine, grown in MDCK-Sky3851 cells, WHO-prequalified since 2019, for ages 6 months and older.
Skycellflu multi inj.
SKYCellflu Quadrivalent Multi inj., SK bioscience's cell-culture inactivated quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine, 10-dose 0.5 mL vial, WHO prequalified 27 December 2019, made in MDCK-Sky3851 cells, preservative-free.
Skycellflu quadrivalent multi inj.
SKYCellflu Quadrivalent Multi inj. is SK Bioscience's 10-dose multidose vial of a cell culture-based (MDCK-Sky3851) inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine, WHO prequalified 27 December 2019 (FVP-P-365), for ages 6 months and older.
SLAP repair
SLAP repair is an arthroscopic surgical procedure that reattaches a torn superior glenoid labrum, where the tear involves the biceps anchor, to the glenoid rim using suture anchors.
SLAP tear
SLAP tear (superior labrum anterior to posterior tear), also called SLAP lesion: an injury to the top of the shoulder's glenoid labrum at the biceps tendon anchor, caused by trauma or overhead sports, diagnosed by MRI, treated first with physical therapy.
SLC35A1-CDG
SLC35A1-CDG (CDG-IIf, CMP-sialic acid transporter deficiency) is an ultrarare autosomal recessive glycosylation disorder from SLC35A1 mutations, with about six reported cases, causing seizures, ataxia, and macrothrombocytopenia.
SLC35A2-CDG
SLC35A2-CDG, formerly CDG-IIm or DEE22, is a rare X-linked dominant glycosylation disorder caused by SLC35A2 variants affecting the Golgi UDP-galactose transporter, causing infantile epileptic encephalopathy, hypotonia, and severe developmental delay, treatable in trials with galactose supplementation.
SLC35C1-CDG (CDG type IIc, LAD II)
SLC35C1-CDG, also called LAD II or CDG-IIc, is a rare autosomal recessive glycosylation disorder caused by SLC35C1 mutations at 11p11.2 that disable the Golgi GDP-fucose transporter, abolishing sialyl Lewis X, impairing leukocyte rolling, and treatable in part with oral L-fucose.