25,729 articles
Traumatic amputation of thumb
Traumatic amputation of thumb (ICD-11 NC59.0): accidental severing of the thumb by saws, crush, or avulsion. Managed by microsurgical replantation when feasible, else toe transfer, pollicization, or revision amputation.
Traumatic aortic rupture
Traumatic aortic rupture, or blunt traumatic aortic injury (BTAI), is a deceleration tear of the aorta, usually at the isthmus, from motor vehicle crashes; 80% die prehospital, diagnosed by contrast CT, treated mainly with delayed TEVAR.
Traumatic asphyxia
Traumatic asphyxia, also called Perthes syndrome or masque ecchymotique, is a rare crush-injury syndrome from thoracic compression causing cervicofacial cyanosis, petechiae, and subconjunctival hemorrhage via valveless SVC backflow.
Traumatic avascular necrosis
Traumatic avascular necrosis is bone death after injury, when fracture or dislocation cuts a bone's blood supply; typical sites are the femoral head, scaphoid, talus, and proximal humerus.
Traumatic brain injury
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), also called concussion in its mild form, is brain dysfunction from a bump, blow, jolt, or penetrating head injury; classified by Glasgow Coma Scale as mild, moderate, or severe, causing about 69 million injuries yearly.
Traumatic cataract
Traumatic cataract: lens opacity from blunt, penetrating, radiation, electrical, or chemical eye injury; occurs in 27-65% of ocular trauma; rosette morphology; managed by globe closure then cataract extraction with IOL.
Traumatic cerebral oedema
Traumatic cerebral oedema (ICD-11 NA07.2) is fluid accumulation in brain tissue after traumatic brain injury, occurring in over 60% of mass-lesion cases. Subtypes include cytotoxic, vasogenic, and ionic edema; treatment uses hyperosmolar therapy, CSF drainage, and decompressive craniectomy, with corticosteroids contraindicated.
Traumatic haemopneumothorax
Traumatic haemopneumothorax (ICD-11 NB32.2, ICD-10 S27.2) is blood and air in the pleural space after chest injury, common after penetrating trauma, diagnosed by eFAST and CT, and managed by observation, chest drainage, or VATS.
Traumatic haemothorax
Traumatic haemothorax is a collection of blood in the pleural space between the lung and chest wall, caused by blunt or penetrating trauma and usually treated with a chest tube.
Traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage
Traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage (TICH, ICD-11 NA07.1) is brain parenchymal bleeding caused by external head trauma, distinct from spontaneous ICH; it affects younger patients and carries a much better prognosis (67% vs 24% favorable outcomes).
Traumatic keratitis
Traumatic keratitis: corneal inflammation caused by mechanical, chemical, thermal, or UV injury rather than primary infection; classified under BETT, with secondary bacterial or fungal keratitis the main risk, especially after untreated abrasions in agricultural settings.
Traumatic macular hole
Traumatic macular hole (TMH), post-traumatic foveal retinal defect, full-thickness hole after blunt ocular trauma in young men; closes spontaneously in 10-67% within months, vitrectomy achieves 82-96% closure.
Traumatic optic neuropathy
Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON): optic nerve injury from direct or indirect craniofacial trauma causing vision loss. IONTS and Cochrane reviews show no proven benefit of steroids or decompression over observation.
Traumatic orbital haemorrhage
Traumatic orbital haemorrhage (ICD-11 NA06.3), also called traumatic retrobulbar hemorrhage, is bleeding into the orbit after facial trauma, especially orbital floor fractures, causing orbital compartment syndrome; treated emergently by lateral canthotomy and cantholysis.
Traumatic pneumothorax
Traumatic pneumothorax: air in the pleural space from blunt, penetrating, or iatrogenic chest injury; about 20% of major trauma, diagnosed best by ultrasound or CT, treated by observation or chest tube.
Traumatic purpura
Traumatic purpura is non-blanching purple discoloration from bleeding into the skin caused by physical trauma, including scratching, clothing friction, or rough handling, classified in ICD-11 as code EF31.
Traumatic spondylopathy
Traumatic spondylopathy (ICD-11 FA72.2; Kümmell disease, traumatic spondylosis) is the WHO classification category for injury-caused spinal disorders, coded by spinal region, with ICD-10 counterpart M48.3x.
Traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage
Traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (TSAH, post-traumatic SAH): bleeding into the subarachnoid space from head trauma, not aneurysm rupture. Occurs in 33-60% of moderate/severe TBI; isolated TSAH in mild TBI rarely needs surgery.
Traumatic subdural haemorrhage
Traumatic subdural haemorrhage (subdural hematoma, SDH): blood between dura and arachnoid after head injury, from torn bridging veins. Acute form is a neurosurgical emergency; CT shows crescentic collection; BTF thresholds 10 mm thickness or 5 mm midline shift.
Travelers' diarrhea
Travelers' diarrhea (TD), the most common travel-related illness, is an infectious diarrheal syndrome affecting 30-70% of travelers to high-risk regions; bacteria, mainly diarrheagenic E. coli, cause most cases, treated with rehydration, loperamide, and severity-based antibiotics.
TraVi_II study
TraVi_II (TraVi II), NCT06776107, is a retrospective cross-sectional study of factors associated with ICU mortality in 80 traumatic brain injury patients at Hospital Departamental de Villavicencio, Colombia, 2019-2024; no results posted.
Travoprost
Travoprost (Travatan) is a prostaglandin analogue eye drop, 0.004% once daily, lowering intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension via increased uveoscleral outflow; US approved 2001.
Trayodasanga Guggulu
Trayodasanga Guggulu (Trayodaśāṅga guggulu), a 13-ingredient Ayurvedic polyherbal tablet with Commiphora guggulu resin, ghee, ashwagandha, shatavari, and guduchi; used for sciatica, joint stiffness, and inflammatory pain, dose up to 3 g daily.
Trazodone
Trazodone (Desyrel, Oleptro) is a triazolopyridine serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor (SARI) antidepressant, FDA-approved for major depressive disorder in 1981 and widely used off label at low doses for insomnia despite guideline recommendations against that use.
Trc-150094
Trc-150094 (TRC150094), with the international nonproprietary name omzotirome, is an investigational oral small molecule from Torrent Pharmaceuticals of India, studied as a mitochondrial modulator for cardiometabolic risk factors.
TRC4186
TRC4186 (also written TRC-4186) is a pyridinium advanced glycation end-product (AGE) cross-link breaker from Torrent Pharmaceuticals, India, tested for diabetic cardiomyopathy and heart failure; its Phase II trial ended early on safety grounds.
Treadmill exercise test
A treadmill exercise test is a cardiology procedure monitoring ECG, blood pressure, and heart rate during graded treadmill walking, chiefly to detect myocardial ischemia in coronary artery disease.
Treatment and outcomes of septic arthritis
Treatment of septic arthritis centers on prompt drainage plus targeted antibiotics, ideally within 24 hours. Arthroscopy outperforms open washout, and 90-day mortality reaches about 7%, higher in the elderly.
Treatment as prevention
Treatment as prevention (TasP) is an HIV prevention strategy in which antiretroviral therapy suppresses the viral load of people with HIV, preventing sexual transmission to partners.
Treatment Delay
Treatment delay is a longer than expected or desired time between the onset of symptoms and the start of therapy, a Medical Subject Heading descriptor introduced in 2024.