Rosales, Fagales, and Cucurbitales

Rubus caesius

Rubus caesius L., the European dewberry, is a scrambling Rosaceae shrub native from Europe to Xinjiang and the W. Himalaya, with trailing glaucous stems, white flowers, and bluish-black few-drupelet fruit.

Rubus chamaemorus

Rubus chamaemorus, the cloudberry (hjortron, bakeapple, aqpik), is a dioecious circumboreal bog herb of Rosaceae with amber aggregate fruits, rich in vitamin C and ellagitannins, harvested wild across Scandinavia and North America.

Rubus fruticosus

Rubus fruticosus L. (blackberry, bramble, Rubus fruticosus agg.) is a European Rosaceae scrambling shrub published by Linnaeus in 1753; an apomictic aggregate of over 2,000 microspecies, cultivated for its black drupelet fruit and used in food and herbal medicine.

Rubus leucodermis

Rubus leucodermis, whitebark or western black raspberry, is a western North American Rosaceae shrub with whitish waxy canes, black raspberries, two varieties, and use in black raspberry breeding for RBDV resistance.

Rubus occidentalis

Rubus occidentalis, black raspberry or blackcap, a North American Rosaceae bramble (subgenus Idaeobatus, 2n=14) grown mainly in Oregon, with anthocyanin-rich fruit distinct from red raspberry and blackberry.

Rubus phoenicolasius

Rubus phoenicolasius (wineberry, Japanese wineberry) is an East Asian Rosaceae shrub introduced to the US in 1890 for breeding, now invasive in the eastern US, with red-hairy canes, edible fruit, tip-rooting, and higher competitive ability than native blackberries.

Sanguisorba minor

Sanguisorba minor, salad burnet or small burnet, a Rosaceae perennial herb native from Europe to the W. Himalaya; cucumber-flavored salad herb, rangeland forage with high protein, tannins, and drought tolerance.

Sanguisorba officinalis

Sanguisorba officinalis (great burnet, di yu, 地榆) is a perennial Rosaceae herb of the temperate Northern Hemisphere, 30–150 cm tall with dark red petalless flower spikes; its dried root (Sanguisorbae Radix) is a Traditional Chinese Medicine hemostatic, and it is IUCN Least Concern.

Soleirolia soleirolii

Soleirolia soleirolii, baby's tears or mind-your-own-business (Helxine soleirolii), a creeping evergreen Urticaceae perennial from the west-central Mediterranean, grown as a moss-like ground cover and houseplant, spreading from tiny stem fragments.

Sorbus

Sorbus L. (rowans, whitebeams, service trees) is a Rosaceae genus of temperate Northern Hemisphere trees and shrubs; type species S. aucuparia, polyphyletic in the broad sense, split into several genera, with apomixis and polyploidy driving its many microspecies.

Sorbus aucuparia

Sorbus aucuparia, rowan or European mountain ash, is a Rosaceae tree native from Europe to Iran and East Asia, with white corymbs and orange-red berries, widely planted, least concern, fireblight-susceptible.

Spiraea

Spiraea (spirea, bridal-wreaths), a Rosaceae shrub genus published by Linnaeus in 1753, native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere with about 100 accepted species, most diverse in eastern Asia; Japanese spiraea is invasive in the US.

Telfairia

Telfairia Hook. is a genus of three accepted Cucurbitaceae climbing vines native to tropical Africa, Comoros, and Madagascar; its best-known species is the fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis), a West African leafy vegetable and oilseed crop.

Telfairia occidentalis

Telfairia occidentalis, commonly called fluted pumpkin, fluted gourd, or ugu, is a dioecious climbing vine of the gourd family grown in West Africa for its edible leaves and seeds.

The Great Banyan

The Great Banyan, a 270-year-old Ficus benghalensis in the AJC Bose Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah, near Kolkata, lives without its main trunk (removed 1925) and spreads a roughly 4-acre canopy on over 4,000 prop roots.

Trema

Trema Lour. is a pantropical genus of pioneer trees and shrubs in Cannabaceae, published in 1790, with about 20 species (including Parasponia), 3-veined serrate leaves, and small hard-endocarp drupes.

Ulmaceae

Ulmaceae (elm family), Ulmaceae Mirb. 1815, a Rosales family of trees and shrubs with distichous unequal-sided leaves and samara or drupe fruits; about 7 genera, 40–60 species, split from Cannabaceae, temperate and tropical clades.

Ulmus minor

Ulmus minor, field elm or smooth-leaved elm (olmo), a deciduous Ulmaceae tree native from Europe to Central Asia and NW. Africa; riparian pioneer to 20 m, devastated by Dutch elm disease (Ophiostoma), IUCN Data Deficient, with two accepted subspecies.

Ulmus pumila

Ulmus pumila, the Siberian elm (also called littleleaf, dwarf, or Chinese elm), is a fast-growing, drought- and frost-hardy Asian elm, resistant to Dutch elm disease, used in breeding and windbreaks, and invasive in North America.

Ulmus rubra

Ulmus rubra Muhl., slippery elm (also red elm, gray elm, soft elm), a medium-sized deciduous North American elm of Ulmaceae, named for mucilage in its inner bark used in throat lozenges; threatened by Dutch elm disease.

Urtica

Urtica (nettles), genus of stinging-haired herbs in Urticaceae, Rosales, first published 1753; about 50-69 accepted species, subcosmopolitan except Antarctica; includes U. dioica and U. urens, used as food and medicine.

Urtica dioica

Urtica dioica, stinging nettle, common nettle: a dioecious rhizomatous perennial herb of Urticaceae native from Europe to Siberia and NW Africa, with silica-mineralized stinging hairs injecting histamine and acetylcholine, used as food, fiber, and herbal medicine.

Urtica urens

Urtica urens, the small or burning nettle, is an annual stinging herb up to 60 cm tall, native to the Old World and now almost cosmopolitan.

Urticaceae

Urticaceae, the nettle family (order Rosales), is a family of about 59 genera and roughly 2,100 to 2,600 species of herbs, shrubs, and trees, often with stinging hairs and cystoliths; includes Urtica, Boehmeria, Pilea, Elatostema, and the former Cecropiaceae.

Ziziphus mauritiana

Ziziphus mauritiana (Indian jujube, ber, Chinee apple) is a spiny Rhamnaceae tree to 15 m native from Sahel Africa to Australia, grown for edible red drupes, drought tolerant, IUCN Least Concern, but an invasive thicket-forming weed in northern Australia.

Ziziphus mistol

Ziziphus mistol (mistol; accepted name Sarcomphalus mistol) is a spiny Chaco fruit tree of Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina, with sweet 1.5 cm drupes used in bolanchao, arrope, and folk medicine; flavonoid-rich, IUCN Data Deficient.