2,112 articles
Egeria densa
Egeria densa (Brazilian waterweed, anacharis, Elodea densa), Hydrocharitaceae submerged aquatic plant native to South America, aquarium escape, male-only invasive populations, whorls of 4–8 serrated leaves, clogs waterways.
Eggplant
Eggplant (Solanum melongena), also aubergine or brinjal, is a Solanaceae crop domesticated in South-East Asia from Solanum insanum, grown for its edible immature berry, with China and India leading production.
Elaeagnaceae
Elaeagnaceae, the oleaster family (oleaster, sea buckthorn), is a Rosales family of three genera, Elaeagnus, Hippophae, Shepherdia, and ca. 100 Northern Hemisphere species with silvery scales, petal-less flowers, and Frankia nitrogen-fixing root nodules.
Elaeagnus
Elaeagnus (oleaster genus), family Elaeagnaceae, 93 accepted shrub/tree species with silvery scaled leaves, nitrogen-fixing Frankia nodules; includes invasive autumn olive and Russian olive and ornamental hybrids.
Elaeagnus angustifolia
Elaeagnus angustifolia, Russian olive or oleaster, a thorny deciduous Elaeagnaceae tree native from eastern Europe to temperate Asia; nitrogen-fixing, salt-tolerant, invasive in western North American riparian areas, and a traditional medicinal and food plant.
Elaeocarpaceae
Elaeocarpaceae Juss. (1816), a mainly tropical family of 12 genera and c. 600 species in Oxalidales; largest genera Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus (c. 350) and Sloanea (c. 150); includes former Tremandraceae; absent from continental Africa.
Elaeocarpus
Elaeocarpus (rudraksha, quandong) is the largest genus of Elaeocarpaceae, about 350-483 species of Old World tropical trees with fringed petals, blue sculpted drupes, and beads, timber, and medicinal uses.
Eleutherococcus
Eleutherococcus (Siberian ginseng, eleuthero, Acanthopanax) is an Araliaceae genus of about 29 thorny Asian shrub species; E. senticosus root is an EU traditional herbal medicine for asthenia and a Soviet-era adaptogen.
Eleutherococcus senticosus
Eleutherococcus senticosus, also known as Siberian ginseng or eleuthero, is a spiny shrub of the ginseng family native to the Russian Far East, China, Korea, and Japan.
Elm
Ulmus (elms), genus of trees in Ulmaceae, Rosales, native to temperate Eurasia, North Africa, and the Americas; 37 accepted species; devastated by Dutch elm disease (Ophiostoma) spread by bark beetles.
Emile S. Gardiner
Emile S. Gardiner is an American research forester with the U.S. Forest Service Southern Research Station in Stoneville, Mississippi, known for work on oak regeneration and restoring bottomland hardwood forests on former farmland.
Empetrum
Empetrum (crowberry), Ericaceae genus of evergreen dwarf shrubs with four accepted species, bipolar across the subarctic Northern Hemisphere and southern South America; black seedy berries eaten by people and wildlife.
Empetrum nigrum
Empetrum nigrum (black crowberry, crowberry) is an evergreen Ericaceae dwarf shrub of boreal and arctic Northern Hemisphere heaths, with black stone fruits, diploid dioecious and tetraploid hermaphroditum groups, and bibenzyl-based allelopathy.
Endosperm
Endosperm: the triploid (2m:1p) nutritive seed tissue of flowering plants, formed by double fertilization of the central cell; site of genomic imprinting, source of cereal grain food, and sensitive to parental genome dosage.
Entada
Entada (Adans., 1763) is a pantropical legume genus (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae) of lianas and trees, 40 species after Elephantorrhiza was merged in 2022, with metre-long pods, sea-heart drift seeds, and saponin-rich medicinal uses.
Entandrophragma
Entandrophragma (African mahogany genus, Meliaceae), proposed by Casimir de Candolle in 1894, comprises about 10-12 large timber tree species exclusively native to tropical and southern Africa, traded as sapelli, sipo, kosipo, and tiama.
Entandrophragma cylindricum
Entandrophragma cylindricum, sapele or sapelli, is an African Meliaceae timber tree from Sierra Leone to Uganda; about 1.3 million m³ of logs are harvested yearly and the species is IUCN Vulnerable.
Enterolobium
Enterolobium (guanacaste, ear pod tree) is a genus of eight accepted Fabaceae tree species native from Mexico to southern tropical America, with twisted ear-shaped pods, valuable timber, and dry-season livestock forage.
Epilobium
Epilobium (willowherbs), genus of Onagraceae published by Linnaeus in 1753; about 190-192 accepted species of erect perennial herbs, cosmopolitan except Antarctica, formerly including fireweeds (Chamaenerion) and Zauschneria.
Epimedium
Epimedium (barrenwort, bishop's hat, fairy wings) is a genus of about 62-67 perennial Berberidaceae herbs native from the Mediterranean to East Asia, grown as shade groundcover and used in Chinese medicine as Epimedii Herba.
Epiphyllum
Epiphyllum (orchid cactus genus) is a genus of 10 accepted epiphytic cacti in tribe Hylocereeae, native Mexico to tropical America, with flattened leaf-like branches and mostly nocturnal white flowers; horticultural 'epiphyllum hybrids' are mostly Disocactus crosses.
Epiphyllum oxypetalum
Epiphyllum oxypetalum, the queen of the night, is a spineless epiphytic cactus native from Central Mexico to Nicaragua, with fragrant white night-blooming flowers that wither by morning; IUCN Least Concern, widely cultivated as a houseplant.
Epiphyte
Epiphyte: a plant that grows on another plant for support only, taking no nutrients or water from the host. Includes orchids, bromeliads, ferns, mosses, and lichens; about 10% of vascular plant species, threatened by climate change and deforestation.
Erica
Erica (heaths, heathers) is a large Ericaceae genus of about 851 species native from Europe to the Arabian Peninsula and Africa, centered on South Africa's Cape Floristic Region, with ericoid whorled leaves and urn-shaped flowers.
Erica arborea
Erica arborea (tree heath, briar root), Ericaceae shrub or small tree native from the Mediterranean to tropical African mountains and Arabia; source of briar-root pipe wood, IUCN Least Concern.
Erica carnea
Erica carnea, known as winter heath or snow heath, is a low evergreen subshrub of central and southern European mountains that flowers pink, crimson, or white from January to April.
Erica cinerea
Erica cinerea, bell heather or twisted heath, is a western European Ericaceae subshrub of dry acidic heaths, whorled needle leaves, purple summer flowers, IUCN Least Concern, over 140 garden cultivars.
Erica gracilis
Erica gracilis, the slender heath or rose heath, is a South African flowering shrub in the heather family, native to the Cape Provinces and sold as a winter pot plant.
Erica tetralix
Erica tetralix, cross-leaved heath, is a European Ericaceae subshrub of wet acidic heaths and bogs, with leaves in whorls of four and pale pink bell flowers, pH 4.0-5.0, 2n=24.
Ericaceae
Ericaceae, the heath family (Ericales), includes heathers, rhododendrons, and blueberries: about 125 genera and 4,200+ species, pore-dehiscing anthers, and obligate ericoid mycorrhiza in nutrient-poor soils.