72 articles
Agriculture in New Zealand
Agriculture in New Zealand: grass-fed sheep, dairy, horticulture and viticulture farming that dominates export earnings. Key facts: 1882 refrigerated meat shipment, 1892 Department of Agriculture, Fonterra 2001, 23.6 million sheep (4.5 per person), over 50% of gross emissions, $60.4 billion primary sector exports.
Almarai (المراعي)
Almarai (المراعي), Saudi dairy and food giant founded 1977 by Prince Sultan bin Mohammed bin Saud Al Kabeer, Tadawul 2280; world's largest vertically integrated dairy company, FY2025 revenue SAR 22.06 billion, 189,000+ cows, brands include L'usine, 7DAYS, ALYOUM.
Amul
Amul, brand of the Kaira District Co-operative Milk Producers' Union (founded 1946, Anand, Gujarat) and marketed by GCMMF since 1973; India's largest dairy brand, model for Operation Flood, turnover over Rs 1 lakh crore in FY 2025-26.
Anchor (brand)
Anchor is a New Zealand dairy brand founded by Henry Reynolds in 1886 at Pukekura, Waikato, known for Anchor butter and milk. Sold to the NZ Dairy Association in 1896, later Fonterra; its global consumer business went to Lactalis in 2026, with Fonterra keeping Anchor in Greater China.
Arla Foods
Arla Foods is a farmer-owned dairy cooperative headquartered in Viby J, Denmark, formed in 2000 by the MD Foods–Arla merger, expanded through MUH, Milk Link, and Hansa-Milch mergers, and merged with DMK Group on 1 June 2026.
Arla Foods UK
Arla Foods UK: British arm of the Arla Foods farmer-owned dairy cooperative, formed 22 October 2003 by merger of Arla Foods plc and Express Dairies plc; brands include Cravendale and Lurpak; largest UK dairy company.
Automatic milking
Automatic milking (AMS, robotic milking, voluntary milking system): robotic technology that milks dairy cows without human operators, first commercialized in the Netherlands in 1992; cows self-schedule milking, with about 50,000 units worldwide by 2020.
Big Bud 747
Big Bud 747 (16V-747): one-of-a-kind 1977 articulated 4WD farm tractor built by Ron Harmon's Northern Manufacturing in Havre, Montana, for the Rossi Brothers. Detroit Diesel 16V92T V16, 760 hp originally, 1,100 hp now; only one built, world's largest farm tractor.
Bulk tank
Bulk tank: refrigerated stainless-steel farm vessel (also bulk milk tank/cooler) that cools raw milk to about 4°C, agitates it, and holds it for truck collection; capacities 200–5,000 gal, DX or ice bank cooling.
Cheesecloth
Cheesecloth, also called butter muslin at its finest grade, is a loosely woven cotton gauze first recorded in the 1650s for pressing cheese curds; sold in grades 10 to 90 by thread count for straining, draining, and wrapping.
Cheesemaking
Cheesemaking: coagulating milk with rennet or acid, draining whey, and ripening curd with starter cultures and salt to make about 1,500 cheese varieties; over 20 million tons produced yearly worldwide.
Compost bedded pack barn
Compost bedded pack barn (CBP), also called compost dairy barn: dairy housing with a large open sawdust bed composted in place, developed in Minnesota in 2001, offering lower lameness but requiring twice-daily stirring and moisture control.
Dairy
Dairy: the agricultural sector producing and processing milk from cattle, buffaloes, goats, sheep, and camels. 930 million tonnes produced in 2022; India leads with 22 percent; 150 million households involved.
Dairy and poultry supply management in Canada
Canada's supply management system regulates dairy, poultry, and eggs through production quotas, cost-of-production pricing, and tariff rate quotas, established in the 1970s and supported by the CDC, provincial boards, and all major parties.
Dairy cattle
Dairy cattle are Bos taurus and Bos indicus bred for milk, domesticated from aurochs, with specialized breeds from the late 1800s; top cows yield over 35,000 kg milk yearly.
Dairy farming
Dairy farming: breeding, raising, and managing cattle, buffalo, goats, sheep, and camels for milk. Covers smallholder and commercial systems, lactation physiology, welfare, emissions, and US industry structure.
Dairy farming in Australia
Dairy farming in Australia is the pasture-based raising of cattle for milk, the country's third-largest rural industry, with 3,772 farms producing milk worth $5.966 billion in 2024-25.
Dairy farming in Canada
Dairy farming in Canada, also called the Canadian dairy sector, operates under supply management (quotas, administered prices, TRQs) since 1972; 9,048 farms, 1.38 million cattle, Quebec and Ontario dominate quota, imports exceed exports.
Dairy farming in China
Dairy farming in China is the raising of cattle for milk, transformed within one generation from a million backyard households to large feedlot farms, making China a top four global producer.
Dairy farming in continental Europe
Dairy farming in continental Europe is the commercial keeping of dairy cattle in EU member states, led by Germany, France, Poland, the Netherlands, and Italy, which supply about two thirds of EU milk.
Dairy farming in Ireland
Dairy farming in Ireland is a grass-based, seasonally calving system of about 17,000 family farms, with 2025 exports of dairy products worth a record €7.3 billion.
Dairy farming in Japan
Dairy farming in Japan is the raising of dairy cattle, chiefly Holsteins, for raw milk; it took root in Hokkaido before 1868, which now produces about 57% of national fluid milk.
Dairy farming in Latin America and the Caribbean
Dairy farming in Latin America and the Caribbean is a mostly cattle-based industry of about 3.3 million small producers, led by Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina.
Dairy farming in New Zealand
Dairy farming in New Zealand: pasture-based, export-dominated industry producing 21 billion litres of milk (1.94 billion kg milksolids) in 2024/25 from 4.68 million cows; about 95% exported, Fonterra processes ~77%, sector's largest export earner.
Dairy farming in Pakistan
Dairy farming in Pakistan is based mostly on buffalo milk raised by smallholders, making Pakistan the world's 3rd largest milk producer at about 57 million tonnes.
Dairy farming in Sub-Saharan Africa
Dairy farming in Sub-Saharan Africa is dominated by smallholder systems, 70 percent of the industry in most countries, led by Eastern Africa with Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania predominant.
Dairy farming in the Middle East and North Africa
Dairy farming in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) ranges from desert industrial cow dairies to nomadic sheep and goat flocks, in a region dependent on imported milk.
Dairy farming in the United Kingdom
Dairy farming in the United Kingdom raises dairy cattle for milk, with a 1.8 million-cow herd producing 15.8 billion liters worth £7.0 billion in 2025.
Dairy industry in the United States
The dairy industry in the United States is the world's second-largest cow's milk producer, with 226 billion pounds from about 9.3 million cows on roughly 25,000 farms in 2024.
Dairy manure handling equipment
Dairy manure handling equipment is the machinery and fixed plant a dairy farm uses to collect, transfer, pump, separate, store, and load manure and milking-shed effluent.