72 articles
Precision livestock farming
Precision livestock farming (PLF): sensor-based, real-time monitoring of individual farm animals for reproduction, health, and welfare. Key facts: accelerometer estrus collars and ear tags; only 14% of dairy and 5% of pig commercial tools externally validated.
Rotolactor
Rotolactor: first rotary milking parlor, installed 1930 at Walker-Gordon Farms, Plainsboro, New Jersey, by Henry W. Jeffers for Borden; 50-stall revolving platform, 12.5-minute rotation, featured at the 1939 New York World's Fair.
Sheep milk cheese
Sheep milk cheese, including pecorino, feta, Manchego, and Roquefort, is made from ewe milk whose high fat, protein, and solids content yields more cheese per litre than cow or goat milk, centered on the Mediterranean.
Somatic cell count
Somatic cell count (SCC), or bulk tank SCC, counts white blood cells per milliliter of milk as an indicator of udder health and mastitis; limits range from 400,000 cells/mL (EU) to 750,000 (US).
The a2 Milk Company
The a2 Milk Company (A2 Corporation, founded 2000 in New Zealand by McLachlan and Paterson) sells A2 beta-casein milk and infant formula; FY25 revenue NZ$1.9b, China-led, first dividends 2025.
Total mixed ration
Total mixed ration (TMR), also called complete ration, a dairy feeding method mixing forages, grains, proteins, minerals, and vitamins into one uniform feed; dominant on large US herds, giving an 8–12% nutritional advantage over component feeding.
Ubre Blanca
Ubre Blanca (White Udder), Cuban Holstein-Cebu crossbred cow born 1972 on Isla de la Juventud; set the Guinness one-day milk record of 109.5 liters in January 1982 under Fidel Castro's dairy breeding program, died 1985, later cloning target.
Udder
Udder: the consolidated mammary gland of the cow and other large mammals, with four independent quarters, suspensory ligaments, external pudendal blood supply, and mastitis as its main disease.
Verghese Kurien
Verghese Kurien (1921–2012), the 'Milkman of India' and Father of the White Revolution, built the Amul dairy cooperative at Anand with Tribhuvandas Patel, led Operation Flood via NDDB, and made India the world's largest milk producer by 1998.
Vinamilk
Vinamilk (Vietnam Dairy Products JSC, Cong ty Co phan Sua Viet Nam), Vietnam's largest dairy company founded 1976, listed 2006; about 50% domestic dairy market share, $2.4bn 2024 revenue, No. 36 dairy globally.
William D. Hoard
William Dempster Hoard (1836-1918), Wisconsin's 16th governor (1889-1891) and father of its dairy industry, founded Hoard's Dairyman magazine in 1885 and the Wisconsin Dairymen's Association in 1872.
Козы (Belarus)
Козы (goats) in Belarus: domestic goats kept for goat-milk products at farms such as Дак, displayed in contact zoos (Minsk Zoo, Dipriz, Vitebsk), and reported as a livestock category in the national greenhouse gas inventory.