72,234 articles
Cefotetan
Cefotetan (CEFOTAN), a 7-alpha-methoxy cephamycin beta-lactam antibiotic, IV/IM, half-life 3-4.6 hours, beta-lactamase resistant, anaerobe-active; FDA approved 1985; not active against Pseudomonas.
Cefotiam
Cefotiam (SCE 963, Ceradon) is a second-generation cephalosporin beta-lactam antibiotic developed by Takeda, synthesized 1974, launched in Japan 1981, FDA-approved 1988, given intravenously and orally as prodrug cefotiam hexetil.
Cefpiramide
Cefpiramide (SM-1652) is a third-generation parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic, FDA-approved 1989 and later discontinued, active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and mainly excreted in bile, with a half-life of about 4.4 hours.
Cefpirome
Cefpirome (HR 810, Cefrom) is a fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a C-3 pyridinium group, given IV 2 g twice daily for severe pneumonia, sepsis, and febrile neutropenia; renal elimination, ~2 h half-life, efficacy equivalent to ceftazidime.
Cefpodoxime
Cefpodoxime, developed by Sankyo under the brand name Vantin, is a semi-synthetic third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis against mild to moderate infections.
Cefprozil anhydrous, (e)-
Cefprozil anhydrous, (E)- is the trans isomer of cefprozil, a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic; the drug substance is a Z/E mixture of at least 90% cis, with the E-isomer the minor component.
Ceftaroline fosamil
Ceftaroline fosamil (Teflaro, Zinforo; TAK-599, PPI-0903) is a fifth-generation cephalosporin prodrug of ceftaroline active against MRSA via PBP2a, FDA-approved 2010 for ABSSSI and CABP.
Ceftazidime
Ceftazidime, also known as Fortaz or Tazicef, is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic given intravenously or intramuscularly every 8 or 12 hours; approved in 1985, it treats serious Gram-negative infections including Pseudomonas and cystic fibrosis respiratory infections, and is combined with avibactam (AVYCAZ, 2015) against resistant bacteria.
Ceftibuten
Ceftibuten (Cedax, ceftibuten dihydrate) is an oral third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, the most potent oral cephalosporin against most Enterobacteriaceae but inactive against staphylococci; 75–90% oral absorption, dosed 400 mg daily in adults.
Ceftobiprole medocaril free acid
Ceftobiprole medocaril free acid is a cephalosporin prodrug, marketed as Zevtera. The U.S. approved it on April 3, 2024, for intravenous treatment of S. aureus bacteremia.
Ceftolozane
Ceftolozane (Zerbaxa, with tazobactam) is a fifth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic active against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa and ESBL-producing Enterobacterales, FDA-approved in December 2014 for cUTI, cIAI, and later pneumonia.
Ceftriaxone
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic given IV or IM, with an 8-hour half-life enabling once-daily dosing; sole CDC-recommended gonorrhea treatment and used for meningitis, UTI, and sepsis.
Cefuroxime
Cefuroxime, sold as Ceftin and Zinacef, is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic developed by Glaxo and approved in 1983 to treat bacterial infections, including Lyme disease and gonorrhea.
Ceiba pentandra
Ceiba pentandra (kapok tree, silk cotton tree, 吉贝) is a Malvaceae tree up to 70 m, native from Mexico to tropical America, widely planted pantropically; source of kapok floss and light timber, IUCN Least Concern (2017).
CEL-seq
CEL-seq is a single-cell RNA sequencing method, introduced in 2012, that barcodes each cell's RNA during reverse transcription and amplifies transcripts linearly by in vitro transcription.
Celastraceae
Celastraceae R.Br. (bittersweet family, spindle-tree family), order Celastrales: ca. 100 genera, 1,300 species of trees, shrubs, and lianas; includes Euonymus, Celastrus, Maytenus, Catha edulis; Hippocrateaceae and Parnassiaceae synonymized.
Celastrales
Celastrales, an order of rosid flowering plants with Celastraceae and Lepidobotryaceae, about 1,355 species in 94 genera, part of the unresolved COM clade with Oxalidales and Malpighiales.
Celebrity worship syndrome
Celebrity worship syndrome, also called celebrity worship, is an excessive one-sided preoccupation with a celebrity measured by the Celebrity Attitude Scale, with entertainment-social, intense-personal, and borderline-pathological levels, linked to poorer mental health.
Celecoxib
Celecoxib (Celebrex) is a selective COX-2 inhibitor NSAID approved in 1998 for osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, JRA, ankylosing spondylitis, acute pain, and dysmenorrhea; CYP2C9-metabolized, boxed cardiovascular and GI warnings, noninferior CV safety in PRECISION.
Celeriac
Celeriac, or celery root (Apium graveolens var. rapaceum), is a celery variety grown for its swollen hypocotyl rather than stalks; needs six months, moist soil, and stores 6–8 months at 0–2 °C.
Celery
Celery (Apium graveolens), a Mediterranean-derived umbellifer vegetable grown for its stalks (var. dulce), leaves (secalinum), or root (rapaceum, celeriac); first recorded as food in France in 1623, stored at 0°C, and studied for blood pressure effects.
CELF family
The CELF family (CUG-BP and Elav-like family), also called BRUNOL, is a group of six RNA-binding proteins, CELF1 through CELF6, that regulate alternative splicing, mRNA stability, and translation.
CELF1
CELF1 (CUGBP1, BRUNOL2, EDEN-BP, NAPOR) is a three-RRM RNA-binding protein at 11p11.2 that regulates splicing, mRNA decay, and translation; upregulated in myotonic dystrophy type 1 and required for embryonic heart development.
CELF1-mediated mRNA decay
CELF1-mediated mRNA decay is a regulative mRNA decay pathway in which CELF1 (CUGBP1) binds GU-rich elements in 3′UTRs and recruits the PARN deadenylase to shorten target mRNA half-lives.
Celgene
Celgene Corporation, Summit, New Jersey biotech founded 1986 by David Stirling and Sol Barer; rebuilt thalidomide as Thalomid, Revlimid, and Pomalyst for blood cancers; acquired by Bristol-Myers Squibb in November 2019 for $74 billion.
Celia Moens
Celia Moens, also recorded as Cecilia B. Moens, is a developmental biologist and professor at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center in Seattle known for her zebrafish studies of hindbrain patterning.
Celia Schiffer
Celia A. Schiffer is an American structural biologist at UMass Chan Medical School, known for the substrate envelope hypothesis for designing antiviral drugs that resist mutations.
Celiac artery
Celiac artery (celiac trunk, celiac axis): short T12-level branch of the abdominal aorta supplying the foregut via left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries; variants occur in about 10% of people.
Celiac axis resection
Celiac axis resection, also called the modified Appleby procedure or DP-CAR, is surgery removing the celiac artery with the distal pancreas and spleen for locally advanced pancreatic cancer.
Celiac plexus
Celiac plexus (solar plexus), the largest autonomic nerve plexus, lies anterior to the aorta around the celiac trunk at T12–L2, innervating upper abdominal organs and serving as the target of neurolytic blocks for pancreatic and upper abdominal cancer pain.