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Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne University Hospital, one of five Swiss university hospitals; Vaud state service, three missions of care, teaching, research; 2025: 53,583 inpatients, 12,957 staff, ~2 billion francs budget; Newsweek 2026 rank 21st.
Centric Dental Occlusion
Centric dental occlusion (centric occlusion, CO) is tooth contact during the habitual bite, defined in prosthodontics as occlusion with the mandible in centric relation; it usually differs from maximal intercuspal position by about 1-2 mm.
Centric Relation
Centric relation (CR) is a dentistry term for a repeatable maxillomandibular reference position, defined by condylar position, recorded by guided, graphic, and physiologic techniques in prosthodontics.
Centrilobular emphysema
Centrilobular emphysema (centriacinar emphysema), smoking-linked emphysema starting at the center of the secondary pulmonary lobule, upper-lobe predominant, graded on CT as trace to advanced destructive, ICD-10 J43.2.
Centrilobular region hepatocyte
Centrilobular (pericentral, zone 3) hepatocytes are liver cells adjacent to the central vein, defined by glycolysis, cytochrome P450 xenobiotic metabolism, glutamine synthesis, Wnt/β-catenin control, and vulnerability to hypoxia and acetaminophen injury.
Centriole
Centriole: barrel-shaped, ninefold-symmetric microtubule organelle (~230 nm diameter, ~420 nm long) forming the centrosome core and, as a basal body, nucleating cilia and flagella; duplicates once per cell cycle via the PLK4–STIL–SAS-6 module.
Centriole, cilia and spindle-associated protein
CSAP/CCSAP (C1orf96) is a vertebrate microtubule-binding protein localizing to centrioles, mitotic spindles, and cilia; it stabilizes spindle microtubules, maintains NuMA, and regulates TTLL-mediated tubulin glutamylation.
Centrocercus
Centrocercus, the sage grouse genus (Swainson, 1832), holds two lekking North American grouse: greater sage-grouse (C. urophasianus) and Gunnison sage-grouse (C. minimus), sagebrush-obligate birds of the western United States and Canada.
Centrolophus niger
Centrolophus niger, the black ruff or rudderfish, is a large oceanic centrolophid fish of temperate Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Southern Hemisphere waters, reaching 150 cm, with juveniles near jellyfish at the surface and adults at 300-700 m.
Centromere
Centromere: the chromosome region that directs segregation in mitosis and meiosis by recruiting the kinetochore. Defined epigenetically by CENP-A nucleosomes; human centromeres are 0.3–5 Mb α-satellite HOR arrays.
Centromere protein Cenp-F
CENP-F (centromere protein F, mitosin) is a large coiled-coil kinetochore protein, farnesylated, peaking at G2/M, recruited via Bub1, degraded by APC/C after mitosis; overexpression marks poor prognosis in several cancers.
Centromere protein Mis12
Centromere protein Mis12: core subunit of the four-subunit Mis12/MIND kinetochore complex (with Dsn1, Nnf1/Pmf1, Nsl1), the central KMN network hub binding CENP-C, CENP-T, Ndc80, and Knl1 during mitosis.
Centromere protein Scm3/HJURP
Scm3/HJURP, also called Holliday junction recognition protein, is the conserved CENP-A-specific histone chaperone depositing centromere identity; yeast Scm3, human HJURP, diverged CAL1 ortholog; Mis18- and CENP-C-recruited.
Centropristis striata
Centropristis striata, black sea bass, is a western Atlantic serranid from Nova Scotia to the Gulf of Mexico, a protogynous hermaphrodite reaching 66 cm and 20 years, IUCN Least Concern, with a not-overfished Mid-Atlantic stock.
Centropus
Centropus (coucals) is a genus of 26 large, ground-dwelling, nest-building cuckoos from Africa to Australia, subfamily Centropodinae; non-parasitic, with reversed sex roles, male parental care, and extinct Pleistocene giants over 1 kg.
Centrosema
Centrosema (DC.) Benth., a Fabaceae genus (subtribe Clitoriinae) of climbing tropical American legumes, about 30–45 species, type C. brasilianum; used as tropical forage, pasture, cover crop, and green manure.
Centrosome
Centrosome: the animal cell's main microtubule-organizing center, two centrioles plus pericentriolar material, discovered by Boveri in 1887; duplicated once per cycle, absent in oocyte meiosis and plants, amplified in cancer.
Centrosome maturation
Centrosome maturation: G2/M-transition reorganization of the centrosome in which Plk1-driven recruitment of pericentriolar material and gamma-tubulin complexes greatly increases microtubule nucleating capacity for spindle formation.
Centurio
Centurio is a monotypic genus of phyllostomid bats whose single species, the wrinkle-faced bat Centurio senex, lives from Mexico to northern South America; it has a wrinkled face, a raisable facial mask, the strongest relative bite among fruit-eating phyllostomids, and leks with whistling males.
CEP290
CEP290 (centrosomal protein 290, NPHP6, LCA10) is a human gene on 12q21.32 encoding a centrosomal and ciliary protein; mutations cause Leber congenital amaurosis type 10, Joubert, Meckel, Senior-Loken, and Bardet-Biedl syndromes.
CEP55
CEP55 (centrosomal protein 55 kDa) is a coiled-coil midbody protein that recruits TSG101 and ALIX to assemble ESCRT-III during cytokinetic abscission; essential for neural progenitors, dispensable in most cells, overexpressed in cancers.
Cepeginterferon alfa-2b
Cepeginterferon alfa-2b (Algeron, цепэгинтерферон альфа-2b) is a Russian pegylated interferon alfa-2b with a 20 kDa PEG, used with ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C; single-isomer, once-weekly subcutaneous dosing.
Cephalanthera
Cephalanthera (helleborines) is a genus of about 21 terrestrial orchid species in tribe Neottieae, native from North Africa and temperate Eurasia to Indo-China and western North America; many species are mixotrophic or mycoheterotrophic via ectomycorrhizal Thelephoraceae fungi.
Cephalaspidea
Cephalaspidea, commonly called headshield slugs and bubble shells, is an order of sea-slug marine gastropods whose shield-shaped heads plow through sand and whose shells range from external to absent.
Cephalaspis
Cephalaspis, an extinct genus of armoured jawless osteostracan fish named by Agassiz in 1835 with type species C. lyelli from the Early Devonian Old Red Sandstone of Scotland; a wastebasket taxon revised in 2026 into four new genera.
Cephalic presentation
Cephalic presentation, also called vertex or head-first presentation, is the most common fetal presentation in labor, subdivided into vertex, sinciput, brow, face, and chin; about 95% of fetuses at 36 weeks, with occiput anterior the ideal position.
Cephalocereus senilis
Cephalocereus senilis, the old man cactus or viejito, is an endangered Mexican columnar cactus from Hidalgo and Veracruz, covered in white hair-like spines, with a lateral cephalium and nocturnal flowers.
Cephalodiscus
Cephalodiscus (M'Intosh, 1882) is a genus of pterobranch hemichordates, one of only two living pterobranch genera with Rhabdopleura. Pseudocolonial tube-dwellers with 2-18 tentaculate arms, one pair of gill slits, no stolon; C. gilchristi yields Cephalostatin 1.
Cephaloglycin
Cephaloglycin, also called cefaloglycin, is the first oral cephalosporin C antibiotic, a phenylglycine analogue of cephalothin developed by Eli Lilly, used for urinary tract infections, converted to active desacetylcephaloglycin, nephrotoxic, and no longer in common use.
Cephalometric analysis
Cephalometric analysis, also known as cephalometric measurement, is a diagnostic method in dentistry and orthodontics that measures angles and distances on standardized head radiographs to assess skeletal and dental relationships and guide treatment planning.