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Cenozoic fossil chitons
Cenozoic fossil chitons are the preserved shell plates of chiton molluscs from Paleogene to Quaternary deposits, including extinct species within genera that still survive today.
Cenozoic gastropods
Cenozoic gastropods are the snails and slugs that lived from 66 million years ago, diversifying rapidly after the K–Pg extinction, with French deposits alone yielding over 10,000 species.
Cenozoic spiders and the assembly of modern spider faunas
Cenozoic spiders, preserved mainly in amber and sedimentary rocks, record a major faunal turnover at the K–Pg boundary and the rise of modern families such as jumping spiders.
CENPA
CENPA (CENP-A, CenH3) is the centromere-specific histone H3 variant that epigenetically marks centromeres, is loaded by HJURP in G1, and nucleates kinetochore assembly via CENP-C and CENP-N.
Centanafadine
Centanafadine (Simtriyo) is a first-in-class norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin reuptake inhibitor and CNS stimulant approved by FDA in July 2026 for ADHD in adults and children 6 and older, pending DEA scheduling; efficacy is below lisdexamfetamine and comparable to methylphenidate and atomoxetine.
Centaurea
Centaurea (knapweeds, cornflowers, starthistles) is a large Asteraceae genus of about 700-777 Old World species, centered in the Mediterranean and Western Asia, taxonomically difficult, medicinally studied, with invasive North American members.
Centaurea cyanus
Centaurea cyanus (cornflower, bachelor's button, Cyanus segetum) is an annual Asteraceae of the eastern Mediterranean, a former cereal weed now declining in Europe, self-incompatible with pseudo-self-compatibility, Least Concern in the EU but invasive in US prairies.
Centaurin-gamma/AGAP
Centaurin-gamma/AGAP (IPR051282) is a family of multidomain ArfGAP signaling proteins with a pseudoGTPase-like domain, split PH domain, and ankyrin repeats; human members AGAP1-3 (PIKE, GGAP) regulate Arf trafficking, and AGAP4-11 cluster on chromosome 10.
Centaurium erythraea
Centaurium erythraea, common centaury, is a Gentianaceae biennial herb native from the Azores and Morocco to SW Siberia and Iran, used in traditional medicine for dyspepsia and loss of appetite, with an EU traditional-use herbal monograph and bitter secoiridoid constituents.
Centbucridine
Centbucridine (INN bucricaine), a quinoline local anesthetic developed at CSIR-CDRI Lucknow in 1982 and licensed to Themis Chemicals in 1987, has inherent vasoconstrictor and antihistaminic activity, is 4-8 times more potent than lignocaine, and was studied in ophthalmic and dental anesthesia.
Centbutindole (bripurone)
Centbutindole, also called biriperone or buriperone, is a butyrophenone-class antipsychotic synthesized in 1973 at CSIR-CDRI Lucknow, licensed to Chemosyn Mumbai in 1987, and trialed in India against haloperidol, trifluoperazine, and risperidone.
Centella
Centella is a genus of about 20-55 perennial Apiaceae herbs native to the tropics and subtropics, mostly African; its type species Centella asiatica (gotu kola, cica) yields asiaticoside and asiatic acid used in supplements and cosmetics.
Centella asiatica
Centella asiatica (gotu kola, cica, Indian pennywort) is a creeping Apiaceae herb of the Old World tropics used in Ayurveda and Chinese medicine; its triterpenoids asiaticoside and madecassoside underpin wound-healing and skincare uses.
Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale
The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a free, public-domain 20-item questionnaire measuring depressive symptoms during the past week, published by Lenore Radloff in 1977.
Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion
Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion (CNPP), a USDA center established December 1994 under the Food and Nutrition Administration; leads the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, MyPlate, the Healthy Eating Index, and the USDA Food Plans including the Thrifty Food Plan that sets SNAP benefit maximums.
Center for Veterinary Medicine
Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM), the FDA branch regulating animal drugs, animal food and feeds, and animal devices; formed as a bureau in 1965, a center by 1984; based in College Park, Maryland.
CENTER-TBI study
CENTER-TBI (Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in TBI), NCT02210221, an EU-funded prospective observational cohort of 4,509 TBI patients in 65 centres across Europe and Israel (2014–2017), with a 22,772-patient registry, studying biomarkers, imaging, care variation, and outcomes.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), founded July 1, 1946 in Atlanta as the Communicable Disease Center, is the U.S. national public health agency under HHS, known for disease surveillance, the Epidemic Intelligence Service, and smallpox eradication.
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), U.S. HHS agency in Baltimore administering Medicare, Medicaid, CHIP, and the Marketplace for over 100 million people; FY2024 outlays $839 billion Medicare, $584 billion Medicaid.
Centhaquine
Centhaquine (Lyfaquin, PMZ-2010, formerly centhaquin) is a selective alpha-2B adrenoceptor agonist resuscitative drug for hypovolemic shock, approved in India in 2020 as an add-on therapy, with phase III evidence of reduced 28-day mortality.
Centimizone
Centimizone (INN Mipinazole, also spelled Mipnazole) is an antithyroid imidazole, 1-propan-2-ylimidazolidine-2-thione, discovered at CSIR-CDRI Lucknow, approved in India in 1972, licensed to Unichem, but never marketed.
Centipede
Centipede, class Chilopoda, a predatory venomous myriapod with one pair of legs per trunk segment, 15 to 191 odd-numbered leg pairs, forcipules, and a Silurian fossil record, distinct from two-legged-pair millipedes.
Centipede bite
Centipede bite: envenomation via forcipules, the modified first leg pair of centipedes (Chilopoda). Causes two puncture marks, burning pain, swelling; rarely life-threatening; treated with wound care, ice, hot water.
Centipede orders and classification
The classification of centipedes (Chilopoda) divides about 3,500 species into five extant orders, including Scutigeromorpha, Scolopendromorpha, and Geophilomorpha, with a fossil record spanning 420 million years.
Centipede venom
Centipede venom is a toxic cocktail of proteins and peptides injected through modified legs called forcipules, used by all centipedes to subdue prey, including animals heavier than themselves.
Centor criteria
Centor criteria: 1981 four-item clinical prediction rule (fever, tonsillar exudates, tender anterior cervical nodes, no cough) estimating group A streptococcal pharyngitis probability in sore throat; McIsaac adds age adjustment; guides testing and antibiotic decisions.
Centpropazine
Centpropazine is an aryloxypropanolamine (piperazine) antidepressant developed by CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, tested in phase I-III Indian trials against imipramine, and licensed to Merind Ltd., Mumbai, in 1996.
Central American pine–oak forests
Central American pine–oak forests (WWF NT0303), a tropical coniferous ecoregion of mid-elevation mountains in Chiapas, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua; about 111,000 km² of pine and oak forest, endemic birds and herpetofauna, Vulnerable status.
Central Asian Shepherd Dog
Central Asian Shepherd Dog (Alabai, Sredneaziatskaya Ovcharka), an ancient landrace livestock guardian from Soviet Central Asia; FCI Group 2, natural-selection formation, males from 70 cm and 50 kg, independent guardian temperament.
Central cloudy dystrophy of François
Central cloudy dystrophy of François (CCDF, MIM 217600) is a rare stromal corneal dystrophy with central polygonal gray opacities, first described in 1955, nonprogressive, asymptomatic, possibly identical to posterior crocodile shagreen.