72,234 articles
Cervical lymph nodes
Cervical lymph nodes are the neck's lymph nodes, classified into levels I–VII by the Memorial Sloan-Kettering system (Shah, 1981). The level system defines boundaries, drainage patterns, neck dissection types, and radiation target delineation.
Cervical lymphadenopathy
Cervical lymphadenopathy: abnormal enlargement of neck lymph nodes, usually >1 cm. Common in children (45-57% palpable), mostly viral/reactive; age guides cause, with cancer suspected over 60; ultrasound first-line in children, CT/MRI in adults.
Cervical plexus block
Cervical plexus block is a regional anesthesia technique that injects local anesthetic near the C2–C4 nerve roots to numb the neck, used mainly for carotid endarterectomy in awake patients.
Cervical rib
Cervical rib (Eve's rib): supernumerary rib from C7, present in roughly 0.2–1% of people, more often in women; usually asymptomatic but a leading cause of thoracic outlet syndrome, treated by rib resection when conservative care fails.
Cervical spinal nerves
The cervical spinal nerves are the eight pairs of neck nerves, C1 to C8, exiting above their same-numbered vertebrae and forming the cervical and brachial plexuses.
Cervical thymic cyst
Cervical thymic cyst is a rare, fluid-filled neck mass typically located near the carotid sheath. It is usually found incidentally and requires complete surgical excision for treatment.
Cervical vertebrae
Cervical vertebrae (C1-C7): the seven neck bones of the human spine, including the atlas (C1), axis (C2), and vertebra prominens (C7), with transverse foramina for the vertebral arteries and the neck's greatest range of motion.
Cervicitis
Cervicitis is inflammation of the cervix, usually caused by infection such as chlamydia or gonorrhea, and is frequently asymptomatic; it can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease.
Cervicofacial actinomycosis
Cervicofacial actinomycosis, also known as lumpy jaw syndrome, is a chronic bacterial infection of the head and neck caused by oral Actinomyces bacteria, most often after dental problems or trauma.
Cervicoplasty
Cervicoplasty, or neck plastic surgery, is reconstructive neck-region surgery to restore or improve form and function (MeSH D044964, introduced 2004), covering anterior, extended, and deep plane neck rejuvenation techniques.
Cervix
Cervix (cervix uteri): the lower, narrow end of the uterus connecting it to the vagina, about 2.5-3.5 cm long, with endocervix, ectocervix, and squamocolumnar junction; dilates to 10 cm in labor and is the site sampled in Pap and HPV screening.
Cervus
Cervus is a genus of Cervinae deer including red deer, wapiti, sika, Central Asian red deer, and white-lipped deer; it has the largest range of any cervid genus.
Ceryle
Ceryle is a genus of water kingfishers (Cerylinae, Alcedinidae) erected by F. Boie in 1828, now containing only the pied kingfisher Ceryle rudis of Africa and Asia, sister to Chloroceryle.
CES1
CES1 (carboxylesterase 1, hCE-1), human Gene ID 1066 on chromosome 16, encodes the liver's dominant serine hydrolase, handling 80-95% of hepatic drug ester hydrolysis for clopidogrel, methylphenidate, and oseltamivir, with the G143E loss-of-function variant.
César de la Fuente‐Núñez
César de la Fuente-Núñez is a Spanish-American computational microbiologist at the University of Pennsylvania, where he directs the Machine Biology Group and uses AI to mine proteins, microbiomes, and extinct organisms for new antibiotics.
Cesar Gomes Victora
Cesar Gomes Victora (César G. Victora), born 1952, is a Brazilian epidemiologist at the Universidade Federal de Pelotas known for the Pelotas birth cohorts and breastfeeding research.
Cesar Millan
Cesar Millan, born César Millán Favela in 1969 in Culiacán, Mexico, is a Mexican American dog trainer who starred in Dog Whisperer from 2004 to 2012.
César Milstein
César Milstein (1927–2002) was an Argentine-born immunologist at Cambridge's MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology who, with Georges Köhler, developed the hybridoma technique for monoclonal antibodies, earning the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
César Roux
César Roux (1857–1934) was a Swiss surgeon and first professor of surgery at the University of Lausanne, known for the Roux-en-Y anastomosis he first performed in 1892.
Cesare Montecucco
Cesare Montecucco, born in Trento, Italy, in 1947, is an Italian pathologist and toxinologist at the University of Padova known for identifying how tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins act.
Cesarean hysterectomy
A cesarean hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus performed at the time of cesarean delivery, most often to control uncontrollable hemorrhage or to treat abnormal placental invasion.
Cesky Terrier
Cesky Terrier (Český teriér), also Czech or Bohemian Terrier: a rare short-legged, silky-coated hunting terrier from the Czech Republic, created by František Horák in 1949 from Sealyham and Scottish Terriers, FCI-recognized 1963, AKC 2011.
CEST imaging
CEST imaging is a magnetic resonance technique that saturates exchangeable protons on solutes and reads the water signal loss, revealing tissue pH, metabolites, and protein content without contrast agents.
Cestidae
Cestidae, the Venus girdle family (Cestum veneris, Velamen parallelum), ribbon-shaped pelagic ctenophores up to 2 m; two genera, four species; oral-first swimming, whole-body tentilla capture, circumtropical epipelagic oceans.
Cestoda
Cestoda (tapeworms): class of parasitic flatworms in Neodermata, about 5000 species, gutless with scolex and proglottid strobila, adults in vertebrate intestines, includes Taenia, Echinococcus, Diphyllobothrium.
Cestodaria
Cestodaria is the traditional name for non-strobilate tapeworms, flatworms lacking a scolex, proglottids, and strobila, comprising Gyrocotylidea, parasites of chimaeras, and Amphilinidea, parasites of sturgeons and turtles.
Cestrum
Cestrum (jessamines), a Solanaceae genus of about 233 accepted shrub species native from Mexico to tropical America; tubular night-fragrant flowers, bird-dispersed berries, many species toxic to livestock yet grown as ornamentals.
Cestrum nocturnum
Cestrum nocturnum, lady-of-the-night or night-blooming jasmine (रातकि रानी), a Solanaceae shrub native from Mexico to Venezuela with strongly night-scented flowers; all parts are poisonous to humans and livestock, and it is invasive in parts of Australia and India.
Cetacean
Cetacea (whales, dolphins, porpoises) is an order of fully aquatic mammals split into baleen whales (Mysticeti) and toothed whales (Odontoceti), 94 species descended from hoofed land mammals, with 26% now IUCN-threatened.
Cetacean intelligence
Cetacean intelligence: mental capacity of whales, dolphins, and porpoises, marked by very large, highly folded brains (sperm whale up to 9,200 g), EQ above non-human primates, self-recognition, vocal learning, and debated primate-like cognition.