72,234 articles
Chronic vestibular syndrome
Chronic vestibular syndrome (ICD-11 AB32): persistent vertigo, dizziness, or unsteadiness lasting months to years. Main causes include PPPD, bilateral vestibulopathy, and presbyvestibulopathy.
Chronic viral hepatitis
Chronic viral hepatitis (ICD-11 1E51) is liver disease from hepatitis B, C, D, or E infection lasting six months or longer; 240 million people have chronic HBV and 1.3 million died in 2024.
Chronic visceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency
Chronic visceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency, formerly Niemann-Pick disease type B (OMIM 607616), is an autosomal recessive SMPD1 lysosomal storage disease with hepatosplenomegaly, interstitial lung disease, dyslipidemia, no neurodegeneration, treated with olipudase alfa ERT.
Chronic wasting disease
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal prion disease of deer, elk, moose, and reindeer, first recognized in Colorado in 1967, now in 37 US states and five Canadian provinces, with no reported human cases.
Chronic widespread pain
Chronic widespread pain (CWP), ICD-11 MG30.01, fibromyalgia-related diffuse pain in at least 4 of 5 body regions for over 3 months with distress and disability; distinguished from chronic secondary pain by absence of an adequately explaining condition.
ChronicGI study
ChronicGI (Gut Microbiota in Chronic GI Diseases, NCT06532110) is a recruiting McMaster University observational cohort study of 260 people with IBD, IBS, celiac disease, microscopic colitis, or functional diarrhea versus controls, combining endoscopy biopsy microbiota sampling with germ-free mouse colonization experiments.
CHRONOHOSPI study
CHRONOHOSPI (NCT04113876), a Spanish multicenter observational study by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, measured circadian health and sleep in 975 hospitalized adults across 13 hospitals using Kronowise devices.
CHRONOS trial
LIBERTY AD CHRONOS (NCT02260986) is a 1-year phase 3 trial of dupilumab plus topical corticosteroids in 740 adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis; week-16 EASI-75 64-69% vs 23% placebo. Distinct from the CHRONOS panitumumab colorectal cancer trial.
Chronotherapy
Chronotherapy is a treatment strategy that times drug administration or other therapies to the patient's circadian rhythm, seeking to maximize efficacy and minimize toxicity; it applies chronopharmacology.
Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum, or mums (菊花, Ju Hua), a genus of about 40 Asteraceae species native to temperate Eurasia; includes Chrysanthemum morifolium, the ancient Chinese medicinal, tea, and ornamental garden chrysanthemum with roughly 20,000 cultivars.
Chrysaora
Chrysaora, commonly called sea nettles, is a genus of large stinging jellyfish in the family Pelagiidae, found in coastal waters worldwide and known for forming seasonal blooms.
Chrysaora hysoscella
Chrysa hysoscella, also known as the compass jellyfish, is a species of scyphozoan jellyfish. It lives in the temperate waters of the northeastern Atlantic and Mediterranean.
Chrysaora quinquecirrha
Chrysaora quinquecirrha, the U.S. Atlantic sea nettle, is a coastal scyphozoan jellyfish (Pelagiidae) with about 40 tentacles; since 2017 the estuarine and Gulf of Mexico populations are a separate species, Chrysaora chesapeakei, the bay nettle.
Chrysemys
Chrysemys (painted turtles), Gray 1844, a North American emydid turtle genus; now usually one or two species, C. picta and C. dorsalis; once lumped with Pseudemys and Trachemys.
Chryseobacterium
Chryseobacterium: genus of aerobic, Gram-negative, yellow-pigmented (flexirubin) rods in Flavobacteriaceae, established 1994 from Flavobacterium; soil and water bacteria, hospital sink colonizers, and opportunistic pathogens, chiefly Chryseobacterium indologenes.
Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus
Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus, the silver catfish, is a claroteid catfish from Senegal to Angola, omnivorous, up to 65 cm, IUCN Least Concern, and cultured in West African brackishwater ponds.
Chrysididae
Chrysididae, the cuckoo wasps or gold wasps, is a cosmopolitan hymenopteran family in Chrysidoidea with about 2,500 described species, metallic bodies, and larvae that parasitize or kleptoparasitize bees, wasps, sawflies, and stick insect eggs.
Chrysobalanaceae
Chrysobalanaceae (cocoa plum family), pantropical trees and shrubs in Malpighiales, about 500 species, mostly Neotropical; gynobasic style, drupaceous fruit, silica-rich wood; formerly placed in Rosaceae.
Chrysochloris
Chrysochloris is a genus of golden moles, small blind, furred-over subterranean insect-eating mammals endemic to Africa, containing three species, including the Cape golden mole along South Africa's west coast.
Chrysogonum virginianum
Chrysogonum virginianum (green-and-gold, goldenstar, golden knee) is a semi-evergreen Asteraceae perennial native to the eastern US, forming low yellow-flowered ground cover mats in USDA zones 5-9.
Chrysolophus
Chrysolophus, the ruffed pheasants (Gray, 1834), is a Chinese pheasant genus of two species, golden pheasant C. pictus and Lady Amherst's pheasant C. amherstiae; both IUCN Least Concern, hybridizing in captivity, with the British Lady Amherst's population extinct since 2016.
Chrysomelidae
Chrysomelidae, leaf beetles, a megadiverse phytophagous beetle family of almost 40,000 species in 12 subfamilies, defined by host-plant specialization, larval chemical defenses, and crop pests such as flea beetles.
Chrysopelea
Chrysopelea, flying or flying tree snakes, is a genus of five Southeast Asian arboreal colubrid snakes that glide by splaying ribs into a triangular wing-body and undulating; C. paradisi reaches 11 m/s and glides better than C. ornata.
Chrysophrys auratus
Chrysophrys auratus (snapper, silver seabream; synonym Pagrus auratus) is an Indo-Pacific sparid fish of Australia and New Zealand, long-lived to 54 years, heavily fished, with several depleted stocks.
Chrysophyllum
Chrysophyllum (star apple genus), Sapotaceae family; evergreen tropical trees including C. cainito and C. albidum; golden-haired leaves, 5-merous flowers, edible berries, nyatoh timber; narrowed to 25-30 Neotropical species in 2023.
Chrysopidae
Chrysopidae, the green lacewings (also called stinkflies), is a family of Neuroptera with over 1,000 species whose predatory larvae control aphids, whiteflies, thrips, and mites; Chrysoperla carnea and C. rufilabris dominate commercial biocontrol.
Chrysopogon
Chrysopogon Trin. (false beardgrass) is a genus of about 51 accepted Poaceae grasses in tribe Andropogoneae, native from the tropical Old World to the Pacific and southern USA; includes vetiver, Chrysopogon zizanioides, used for erosion control and perfumery.
Chrysopogon zizanioides
Chrysopogon zizanioides, commonly known as vetiver or khus, is a perennial aromatic grass native to northeast India whose deep fragrant roots supply vetiver oil for perfumery and are planted worldwide for soil conservation.
Chrysostomos P. Panayiotopoulos
Chrysostomos P. Panayiotopoulos, known as Tomis, was a Greek-born neurologist at St Thomas' Hospital in London who described Panayiotopoulos syndrome, a benign childhood autonomic epilepsy.
CHSE-214
CHSE-214 (Chinook Salmon Embryo-214, ATCC CRL-1681, RRID:CVCL_2780) is a spontaneously immortalized Chinook salmon embryo cell line originated in 1964, grown at 21°C, and widely used for fish virus isolation, especially IHNV and IPNV.