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Coral-boring barnacle
Coral-boring barnacles are stalked barnacles of the genus Lithotrya that excavate burrows in coral and limestone, the only thoracican barnacles known to bore into rock.
Coral-derived materials
Coral-derived materials: stony coral skeleton (aragonite, CaCO3) converted to hydroxyapatite for bone grafts and scaffolds; biocompatible, osteoconductive, 100–500 μm pores; clinical results mixed.
Coral-dwelling crustaceans
Coral-dwelling crustaceans are crabs and shrimps that live on or inside stony corals, so dependent on their host that they cannot survive elsewhere; some defend the coral from predators.
Coralliophila
Coralliophila is a genus of corallivorous muricid snails (Coralliophilinae) living on corals and anemones in shallow reefs and deep water worldwide; C. violacea parasitizes Porites, C. galea is a Caribbean generalist.
Coralliophilinae
Coralliophilinae (Chenu, 1859) is a subfamily of Muricidae sea snails, about 268 species, that feed exclusively on corals and anemones; originated in the Middle Eocene in shallow water, later invading deep seas.
Corallite
Corallite: the aragonite skeleton secreted by an individual coral polyp, with calyx, theca, septa, costae, and columella; its size and arrangement (plocoid, cerioid, meandroid) are the main characters for identifying stony corals.
Corallus ruschenbergerii
Corallus ruschenbergerii, the Mangrove Treeboa or Dormilona, is an arboreal boa (Boidae) described by Cope in 1875, ranging from SW Costa Rica through Panama, Colombia, and Venezuela to Trinidad and Tobago, ovoviviparous with 38-48 dorsal scale rows.
Corbevax
Corbevax (BECOV-2) is a patent-free recombinant protein subunit COVID-19 vaccine using SARS-CoV-2 RBD antigen from Baylor/Texas Children's, made by Biological E in India, with alum and CpG1018 adjuvants, WHO EUL January 2024.
Corbicula fluminea
Corbicula fluminea, the Asian clam or Asian gold clam, is a hermaphroditic freshwater bivalve native to Asia, invasive across the Americas and Europe since 1924, fouling pipes and outcompeting native mussels.
Corbicula japonica
Corbicula japonica (Yamato-shijimi, Japanese basket clam), Prime 1864, is a brackish-water Cyrenidae clam of East Asian estuaries; a sexual, dioecious osmoconformer tolerating 0–35 psu, an ecosystem engineer, and a major inland fishery resource.
CORC LTO study
CORC LTO study (NCT05394025), a VA Office of Research and Development observational study comparing long-term COVID-19 outcomes in infected versus matched uninfected Veterans using EHR, Medicare, survey, and interview data; started 2022, completed June 2024, 479 enrolled.
Corchorus
Corchorus is a pantropical Malvaceae genus of about 74 species, including C. capsularis and C. olitorius, the two jute fiber crops, whose leaves are also eaten and used in folk medicine.
Corchorus olitorius
Corchorus olitorius (jute mallow, molokhia, ewedu) is an annual Malvaceae herb of the tropical Old World grown for edible mucilaginous leaves and jute fiber; leaves provide 207 mg calcium and 6.3 mg iron per 100 g.
Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation
Cord blood stem cell transplantation, also called umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT), infuses umbilical cord blood to restore blood production destroyed by anticancer drugs or radiation.
Cord clamping
Cord clamping is the obstetric procedure of closing and cutting a newborn's umbilical cord; delayed clamping, recommended for at least 30 to 60 seconds, improves the infant's iron stores.
Cordectomy
Cordectomy is surgery that removes part or all of a vocal cord, used mainly to treat early glottic cancer, usually transorally with a CO2 laser.
Cordia alliodora
Cordia alliodora (laurel, solera, nogal cafetero), a Boraginaceae timber tree native from Mexico to Argentina, grown for mahogany-like wood and as shade over coffee and cacao; fast-growing, IUCN Least Concern, invasive in parts of the Pacific.
Cordia subcordata
Cordia subcordata (kou, mareer, sea trumpet, kerosene tree) is a coastal Pacific and Indian Ocean borage-family tree with orange funnel-shaped heterostylous flowers, floating corky fruits, prized carving wood, and IUCN Least Concern status.
CORDIOPREV trial
CORDIOPREV (NCT00924937): Spanish single-centre randomized trial in 1,002 coronary heart disease patients comparing a Mediterranean diet with a low-fat diet over 7 years; Mediterranean diet reduced major cardiovascular events by 26% (33% in men).
Cordocentesis
Cordocentesis, also called percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS), is a prenatal procedure in which a needle guided by ultrasound withdraws fetal blood from the umbilical cord vein.
Cordotomy
Cordotomy is a neurosurgical procedure cutting pain fibers in the spinal cord, used to relieve severe, medication-refractory cancer pain on one side of the body.
Cordyceps
Cordyceps, a genus of insect-parasitizing ascomycete fungi (Hypocreales); type species Cordyceps militaris. Once ~1,300 species broad, now split into Cordycipitaceae and Ophiocordycipitaceae; the famous caterpillar fungus is Ophiocordyceps sinensis.
Cordyline
Cordyline, Asparagaceae genus of 15-17 shrub/tree species from Australasia and the Pacific; includes cabbage tree (C. australis, ti kouka) and ti plant (C. fruticosa), used for food, fibre, medicine, ornament.
Cordyline fruticosa
Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A.Chev., the ti plant or good luck plant (syn. Cordyline terminalis), is an Asparagaceae shrub native to Papuasia and the western Pacific, spread through Polynesia, used for food wrapping, medicine, and ceremony, with 255 synonyms.
Cordylobia anthropophaga
Cordylobia anthropophaga, the tumbu or mango fly, is an African Calliphoridae blow fly whose larvae cause furuncular myiasis; eggs laid on clothing or sand, larvae penetrate unbroken skin, treated by occlusion or extraction.
Cordylodus
Cordylodus, extinct euconodont conodont genus (Pander, 1856; type species C. angulatus) from the late Cambrian to early Tremadocian; index genus for Cambrian-Ordovician boundary conodont zones.
Core 2 β1,6-GlcNAc-transferase (GCNT family)
GCNT family (GCNT1-4), beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases including C2GnT-1, that build core 2 and core 4 O-glycan branches and I-antigen structures in the Golgi; GCNT1 is upregulated in aggressive prostate cancer and GCNT2 variants cause cataract 13.
Core 3 and core 4 O-glycan synthases and O-glycan elongation
Core 3 and core 4 O-glycan synthases are Golgi enzymes, B3GNT6 and GCNT3, that build branched mucin-type O-glycans in gastrointestinal tissues and are down-regulated in colorectal cancer.
Core decompression
Core decompression is an orthopedic operation that drills channels into the femoral head to relieve pressure and preserve the joint in early-stage avascular necrosis, with a pooled success rate of 65%.
Core needle biopsy
Core needle biopsy is a percutaneous procedure in which a hollow cutting needle, typically 9 to 20 gauge, removes a small cylinder of tissue for histologic examination, preserving tissue architecture.