72,234 articles
Didier Y. R. Stainier
Didier Stainier is a Belgian-American developmental biologist who directs the Department of Developmental Genetics at the Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research in Bad Nauheim, Germany.
Didymograptus
Didymograptus, Ordovician planktonic graptolite genus (Dichograptidae), type species D. murchisoni (Beck 1839); two pendent stipes form a tuning-fork colony used as an index fossil.
Didymosis aplasticosebacea
Didymosis aplasticosebacea, now pseudodidymosis aplasticosebacea, is a rare congenital disorder pairing sebaceous nevus with adjacent aplasia cutis congenita plus ocular and CNS abnormalities; a mosaic RASopathy.
Die chirurgie
Die Chirurgie (formerly Der Chirurg, founded 1928) is Springer Medizin's German-language monthly surgery journal, organ of the Berufsverband der Deutschen Chirurgen, renamed in June 2022 among 21 gender-neutral title changes; peer-reviewed, CME-focused, Web of Science and Scopus Q3.
Die dermatologie
Die Dermatologie (formerly Der Hautarzt) is a German-language dermatology and venerology journal published by Springer Medizin, Heidelberg, since 2022; ISSNs 2731-7005/2731-7013, MEDLINE-indexed, organ of DSTIG and DDL.
Die pathologie
Die Pathologie is a German-language continuing education journal in pathology from Springer Medizin, published since 2022 as successor to Der Pathologe (founded 1979); bimonthly, CME-focused, organ of German, Austrian, and Swiss pathology societies.
Diedel
Diedel (die, CG11501) is a 12 kDa secreted cytokine of Drosophila melanogaster that suppresses the IMD immune pathway, inhibits apoptosis during intestinal aging, and has homologs acquired by lepidopteran-infecting DNA viruses (virokines).
Diederick E. Grobbee
Diederick E. Grobbee, also published as D. E. Grobbee, is a Dutch clinical epidemiologist who founded Utrecht's Julius Center and led the DREAM aneurysm trial.
Diederik van de Beek
Diederik van de Beek (born 1974) is a Dutch neurologist and professor of neurological infectious diseases at Amsterdam UMC, best known for the 2002 dexamethasone trial in bacterial meningitis.
Dieffenbachia
Dieffenbachia (dumb cane) is a genus of about 57 Araceae herbs native from Mexico to tropical America, grown as variegated houseplants; all parts contain calcium oxalate raphides and proteolytic enzymes causing painful swelling and temporary loss of speech.
Diego Bohorquez
Diego Bohorquez, also known as Diego V. Bohórquez, is a gut–brain neuroscientist at Duke University who studies neuropod cells and received the 2025 PECASE award.
Diego Riveros
Diego Riveros, also known as Diego Riveros-Iregui, is a Colombian-American ecohydrologist who is a professor at UNC Chapel Hill and studies soil carbon dioxide and water quality.
Diego Vergani
Diego Vergani is a British-based liver immunologist and hepatologist, Professor of Liver Immunopathology at King's College London since 2003, known for research on autoimmune and viral liver disease.
Dielasma
Dielasma (King, 1859) is an extinct genus of terebratulid brachiopods, type species Terebratulites elongatus, ranging Upper Mississippian to Upper Triassic, cosmopolitan, with a dorsal-valve loop.
Diencephalic syndrome
Diencephalic syndrome (Russell syndrome, diencephalic cachexia): rare infantile disorder from hypothalamic or optic chiasm low-grade glioma causing severe emaciation with preserved linear growth, hyperactivity, and euphoria; under 200 reported cases.
Diencephalic-mesencephalic junction dysplasia
Diencephalic-mesencephalic junction dysplasia (DMJD, ORPHA:319192) is a rare autosomal recessive brain malformation with a butterfly-shaped midbrain on MRI, caused by PCDH12 or GSX2 variants.
Dienestrol
Dienestrol (dienoestrol, Estraguard, Ortho Dienestrol), synthetic non-steroidal stilbestrol estrogen, C18H18O2, CAS 84-17-3, prepared by Dodds in 1938; used as 0.01% vaginal cream for atrophic vaginitis; FDA-approved 1947, later discontinued.
Dienochlor
Dienochlor is an organochlorine insecticide and acaricide, first reported in 1964, that controlled plant-damaging mites on ornamentals in greenhouses and outdoors; it is now obsolete.
Dienogest
Dienogest (Visanne) is a fourth-generation progestin, 2 mg daily oral therapy for endometriosis pain, first approved in Japan in 2008; also used with estradiol in contraceptives like Natazia, with irregular bleeding as its main side effect.
DIEP flap
The DIEP flap, or deep inferior epigastric perforator flap, is a microsurgical breast reconstruction technique that transfers lower abdominal skin and fat while sparing the rectus muscle.
Diet
Diet (nutrition): habitual food and beverage intake patterns. WHO principles (adequacy, balance, moderation, diversity), quantitative limits on sugars, fat, salt; US Dietary Guidelines since 1980, 2025-2030 edition with inverted pyramid.
Diet Records
Diet records, also called food diaries, are self-report tools recording all foods and drinks consumed over specified days in real time, weighed or estimated, used in nutrition research and known for under-reporting and reactivity.
Diet Therapy
Diet therapy: adjusting food intake quantity and quality to improve health, indexed as MeSH D004035 and delivered as medical nutrition therapy by registered dietitian nutritionists for diabetes, obesity, hypertension, kidney disease, and IBD.
Dietary diversity score
A dietary diversity score (DDS) counts the number of food groups a person or household ate over 24 hours, used as a simple proxy for diet quality.
Dietary fiber
Dietary fiber, also called bulk or roughage, is the nondigestible carbohydrate and lignin in plant foods. Key facts: FDA 2016 definition, 14 g per 1,000 kcal recommendation, soluble versus insoluble types, lower all-cause and CVD mortality.
Dietary iron overload disease
Dietary iron overload disease (African iron overload, Bantu siderosis): sub-Saharan iron overload from iron-rich home-brewed beer acting with a non-HFE genetic factor, causing hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma risk.
Dietary Reference Intake
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are NASEM nutrient reference values (RDA, AI, EAR, UL, CDRR, AMDR) for healthy people in the US and Canada, jointly funded since the mid-1990s and used for labeling, guidelines, and assessment.
Dietary supplement
Dietary supplement: product taken by mouth containing dietary ingredients (vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids, probiotics), regulated as food under DSHEA 1994; no FDA premarket approval, 57.6% of US adults use them.
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994
DSHEA (Public Law 103-417, October 25, 1994) is the US law defining dietary supplements as a food category under FDA oversight, with no premarket approval, structure/function claims with a disclaimer, and new dietary ingredient notification.
Dieter Egli
Dieter Egli, also known as Dietrich M. Egli, is a Swiss-born molecular biologist and Columbia University professor known for research on genome stability and gene editing in human embryos.