72,234 articles
Dichlorphenamide
Dichlorphenamide (diclofenamide; Daranide, Keveyis) is an oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, first US-approved 1958, now the sole FDA-approved drug for primary hyperkalemic and hypokalemic periodic paralysis.
Dichlorprop
Dichlorprop (2,4-DP), sold as the R-enantiomer dichlorprop-P, is a synthetic auxin phenoxy herbicide (HRAC group O) for broadleaf weeds and brush in cereals and turf; EU-approved until 31 October 2027.
Dichlorprop p
Dichlorprop-P (2,4-DP-p, BAS 044H) is the purified R-enantiomer of the phenoxy herbicide dichlorprop, used on cereals and grassland and as a citrus growth regulator (2-EHE variant); EU-approved, not an endocrine disruptor, approval extended to 31 October 2027.
Dichotic Listening Tests
Dichotic listening tests present two different sounds simultaneously, one per ear, to assess hemispheric speech specialization; Kimura's 1961 right-ear advantage, reliability issues, and clinical uses distinguish them.
Dick de Zeeuw
Dick de Zeeuw (born 1951 in The Hague) is a Dutch clinical pharmacologist and professor at the University Medical Center Groningen who led major diabetic kidney disease trials.
Dick Heinegård
Dick Heinegård (1942–2013) was a Swedish biochemist and physician at Lund University whose laboratory identified numerous cartilage matrix proteins and developed biomarkers for monitoring joint disease.
Dick Menzies
Dick Menzies is a Canadian respirologist and tuberculosis researcher at McGill University who led 2018 trials showing four months of rifampin treats latent TB as effectively as nine months of isoniazid.
Dickeya
Dickeya, formerly pectinolytic Erwinia, is a genus of Gram-negative Pectobacteriaceae plant-pathogen bacteria causing soft rot and potato blackleg; 12 species, including D. dianthicola and D. solani, distinguished from Pectobacterium by lower infective dose and higher-temperature disease.
Dickeya chrysanthemi
Dickeya chrysanthemi, formerly Erwinia chrysanthemi, is the type species of the soft-rot plant pathogen genus Dickeya (Pectobacteriaceae), causing wilt and rot in chrysanthemum, potato, and other crops.
Dickinson W. Richards
Dickinson W. Richards (1895–1973) was an American physiologist at Columbia University and Bellevue Hospital who shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work on heart catheterization.
Dicksonia antarctica
Dicksonia antarctica, the soft tree fern or man fern, is an Australian tree fern with a fibrous trunk up to 12 m tall, common in south-eastern Australia.
Dicksonia arborescens
Dicksonia arborescens, the St Helena tree fern, is a tree fern (Dicksoniaceae, Cyatheales) endemic to St Helena, dominating cloud forest at 700–823 m, up to 3 m tall, first described 1788, and the earliest tree fern moved abroad (UK, 1789).
Dicksonia sellowiana
Dicksonia sellowiana, known in Brazil as xaxim, is a tree fern ranging from southern Mexico to Brazil, harvested for its fibrous trunk used as orchid substrate.
Dicksoniaceae
Dicksoniaceae is a family of tree ferns in the order Cyatheales, containing the genera Dicksonia, Calochlaena, and Lophosoria, about 35 species growing in Central and South America, south-east Asia, Australasia, and the Pacific.
Diclobutrazol
Diclobutrazol (dicyclobutrazole, PP296), a triazole DMI fungicide first reported in 1979 by ICI, controlled mildews, rusts, and scab; discontinued and not EU-approved, with a 0.01 mg/kg default MRL.
Diclofenac
Diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug sold under names including Voltaren, was introduced in 1973 and is the most widely prescribed NSAID worldwide for arthritis, migraine, and musculoskeletal injuries.
Diclofop
Diclofop, a chiral aryloxyphenoxypropanoate herbicide sold as racemic diclofop-methyl (HOE 023408), inhibits ACCase to kill grass weeds in wheat and barley; EU approval runs to 31 January 2029.
Dicloran
Dicloran, also known as DCNA or Botran, is a substituted aniline fungicide used before and after harvest against Botrytis, Monilinia, and other fungal pathogens on fruits and vegetables.
Dicloxacillin
Dicloxacillin (BRL-1702, Diclocil, Dynapen) is an isoxazolyl, penicillinase-resistant oral penicillin approved by the FDA in 1968 for penicillinase-producing staphylococcal infections; highly protein-bound (97.9%), short half-life, CYP-inducing.
Dicofol
Dicofol (CAS 115-32-2), an organochlorine acaricide related to DDT, introduced 1955, used against mites on crops; banned globally under the Stockholm Convention Annex A in 2019.
DICOM
DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) is the global standard for exchanging and managing medical images and related data, developed from ACR-NEMA 300 (1985) and maintained by the DICOM Standards Committee as NEMA PS3 and ISO 12052.
Dicotyledon
Dicotyledon (dicot): flowering plant whose embryo has two cotyledons, with net-veined leaves, flower parts in fours or fives, ringed stem vascular bundles, and taproots; historically a class, now known to be paraphyletic, with eudicots forming two-thirds of flowering plants.
Dicotyledon flora of Montana
The dicotyledon flora of Montana, also known as the dicots of Montana, comprises the state's dicot flowering plants, first fully documented by Booth and Wright's 1959 Flora of Montana.
Dicranales
Dicranales, an order of true mosses in subclass Dicranidae, historically included many families now shown polyphyletic; recent phylogenomics restricts it to Dicranaceae, Calymperaceae, Fissidentaceae, and Octoblepharaceae.
Dicranella
Dicranella (forklet-mosses) is a moss genus in Dicranellaceae, type species D. heteromalla; molecular phylogenetics showed it polyphyletic, prompting a narrowed circumscription and new families and genera.
Dicranota
Dicranota (Zetterstedt, 1838) is a large genus of hairy-eyed crane flies (Pediciidae) with 256 species in 11 subgenera, aquatic larvae with five hooked proleg pairs, and a mainly Palaearctic and Nearctic distribution.
Dicranum
Dicranum (broom or fork mosses) is a genus of about 90-98 acrocarpous mosses in Dicranaceae, with narrow lanceolate leaves, a single costa, and alar cells; 29 species in Europe, some endangered epiphytes.
Dicrocoeliasis
Dicrocoeliasis (lancet fluke infection, ICD-10 B66.2) is a rare zoonotic bile-duct trematodiasis caused by Dicrocoelium dendriticum or D. hospes, acquired by accidentally eating infected ants; snail and ant intermediate hosts, mostly asymptomatic, treated with praziquantel or triclabendazole.
Dicroglossidae
Dicroglossidae, fork-tongued frogs (叉舌蛙科), a family of 257 frog species in subfamilies Dicroglossinae and Occidozyginae, ranging across Africa, Arabia, and southern and eastern Asia; name nomenclaturally disputed.
Dicrostonyx
Dicrostonyx (collared lemmings) is a genus of arvicoline rodents, family Cricetidae, of the circumpolar tundra; ITIS lists eight species, and the genus is distinguished by winter-white pelage and unique bifid digging claws.