72,234 articles
EEG microstate analysis
EEG microstate analysis is a neurophysiological method that segments EEG recordings into brief, quasi-stable configurations of the scalp potential field, called microstates, lasting roughly 50 to 120 milliseconds.
EEG monitoring
EEG monitoring is the continuous or prolonged recording of the brain's electrical activity through scalp electrodes, used to detect seizures, including nonconvulsive ones, in intensive care.
EEG trial
EEG trial: a clinical trial using electroencephalography as an outcome measure or biomarker, or testing EEG-based brain-computer interfaces; interventional BCI trials dominate registries, stroke is the leading indication, and EEG drug-trial endpoints remain contested.
EEG-fMRI
EEG-fMRI is a multimodal neuroimaging method that records EEG and functional MRI at the same time, combining EEG's millisecond timing with fMRI's spatial resolution, first demonstrated in 1993.
EEG-THOP study
EEG-THOP (NCT03493113), a retrospective observational study by UZ Leuven, compared EEG maturation, interburst intervals, and sleep-wake cycling in 87 preterm infants with and without transient hypothyroxinemia of prematurity.
EEGLAB
EEGLAB is an open-source MATLAB toolbox for single-trial EEG analysis with ICA, first released April 23, 2001 by Delorme and Makeig at UCSD's Swartz Center; about 120 plugins, Octave support, and Python bridges via EEGPrep.
Eel
Eel: true eels are the order Anguilliformes, elongate pelvic-fin-less fishes with about 820 species; catadromous Anguilla species spawn in the Sargasso Sea, and the European eel is Critically Endangered.
Eelco F. M. Wijdicks
Eelco F. M. Wijdicks is a Dutch-trained neurologist and neurointensivist at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, who originated the FOUR score coma scale and is a leading authority on brain death determination.
EEM syndrome
EEM syndrome (ectodermal dysplasia-ectrodactyly-macular dystrophy syndrome, OMIM 225280) is a rare autosomal recessive CDH3-related disorder with sparse hair, missing teeth, split-hand limb defects, and progressive macular dystrophy, first described in Japan in 1983.
EF-G
EF-G (elongation factor G; EF2 in archaea and eukaryotes) is the conserved translational GTPase that catalyzes ribosomal translocation of tRNA and mRNA by one codon, using GTP hydrolysis, Pi release, and an unlocking motion, and also aids ribosome recycling with RRF.
EF-hand
EF-hand: helix-loop-helix calcium-binding motif about 30 residues long, first seen in parvalbumin helices E and F; usually paired, spanning sensors like calmodulin and buffers, with Kd from 10^-9 to 10^-3 M.
EF-hand domain
EF-hand domain: helix-loop-helix calcium-binding motif first seen in parvalbumin helices E and F; paired motifs bind two Ca2+ ions. Found in calmodulin, troponin C, and S100 proteins; 45-80 subfamilies; 10^2-10^4-fold Ca2+ over Mg2+ selectivity.
EF-Ts
EF-Ts (elongation factor thermo stable, tsf gene) is the bacterial guanine nucleotide exchange factor that reactivates EF-Tu by exchanging GDP for GTP, accelerating GDP release 6 × 10^4-fold; eukaryotic counterpart EF1B.
EF-Tu
EF-Tu (EF1A), bacterial GTPase elongation factor delivering aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome as aa-tRNA·EF-Tu·GTP; GTP hydrolysis triggered by His84-SRL contact; key to translation accuracy and the most abundant E. coli protein.
Efalizumab
Efalizumab (Raptiva, anti-CD11a) was a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody for plaque psoriasis, FDA-approved 2003 and EU-authorized 2004, withdrawn from both markets in 2009 over progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy risk.
Efaproxiral
Efaproxiral (RSR13, Efaproxyn) is a synthetic allosteric hemoglobin modifier that lowers oxygen affinity to sensitize hypoxic tumors to radiation. Developed by Allos Therapeutics for brain metastases; discontinued after phase III results.
Efbemalenograstim alfa
Efbemalenograstim alfa (F-627, Ryzneuta, efbemalenograstim alfa-vuxw) is a non-PEGylated Fc-fusion long-acting G-CSF, 20 mg once per chemotherapy cycle, FDA approved 2023 and EU approved 2024 for chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.
Efdamrofusp alfa
Efdamrofusp alfa (IBI302) is a first-in-class bispecific VEGF and complement C3b/C4b fusion protein by Innovent Biologics for neovascular AMD; Phase 3 STAR met its endpoint in March 2026 with extended dosing.
EFEMP1
EFEMP1 (fibulin-3) is a 493-amino-acid extracellular matrix glycoprotein gene on chromosome 2p16.1; the recurrent R345W mutation causes Doyne honeycomb retinal dystrophy/Malattia Leventinese, with links to glaucoma, myopia, and AMD.
Efepoetin alfa
Efepoetin alfa (GC1113, GX-E2) is a long-acting recombinant human erythropoietin fused to a hybrid Fc for FcRn-mediated recycling, developed by Genexine for anemia of chronic kidney disease; phase 3 showed non-inferiority to methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta.
Effect of psychoactive drugs on animals
Effect of psychoactive drugs on animals: veterinary use of anxiolytics, antidepressants, and antipsychotics in pets and zoo animals, plus animal models of addiction and psychedelics, with species-specific pharmacokinetics and translational limits.
Effector protein Avr2-like
Avr2-like (A2l) is an allelic RXLR effector variant of Phytophthora infestans that evades recognition by the potato R2 immune receptor, unlike AVR2; distinct from the unrelated fungal Avr2 protease inhibitors of Cladosporium fulvum and Fusarium oxysporum.
Effector T cell
Effector T cell: antigen-activated T lymphocyte (Teff) that performs immediate immune action via cytotoxicity and cytokines, marked by T-bet, EOMES, BLIMP-1, high glycolysis, no self-renewal; distinct from central and effector memory subsets.
Effector TSP1
Effector TSP1 (Tsp1) is a small secreted cysteine-rich effector protein of the fungus Trichoderma virens, structurally a dimeric beta-barrel related to Alt a1 and PevD1, that induces salicylic acid mediated susceptibility in maize.
Effects of cannabis
Effects of cannabis (marijuana): THC and CBD act on the endocannabinoid system's CB1/CB2 receptors, causing euphoria, increased heart rate, memory impairment, addiction risk (3 in 10 users), and limited FDA-approved therapeutic uses like Epidiolex.
Effects of electric current
Effects of electric current, also indexed as electric shock and electrocution, is the ICD-11 medical category covering electrical injuries ranging from skin burns to fatal organ damage.
Effects of heat
Effects of heat (ICD-11 NF01): adverse effects from failure to maintain normal core temperature in excessive heat, spanning heat syncope, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke (core temperature ≥40°C with CNS dysfunction).
Effects of hunger
Effects of hunger (ICD-11 NF07.0): health consequences of lacking food, from metabolic shutdown, organ wasting, and infection risk to famine; 645 million people faced hunger in 2025.
Effects of invasive earthworms on soil structure and carbon–nitrogen cycling
Invasive earthworms alter northern temperate and boreal forest soils by consuming surface litter, mixing organic matter into mineral soil, and accelerating carbon and nitrogen cycling, raising CO2 and N2O emissions.
Effects of long-term benzodiazepine use
Long-term benzodiazepine use (chronic BZD therapy) causes physical dependence, withdrawal, and raised risks of falls, accidents, and overdose; evidence for progressive cognitive decline and dementia remains limited and inconclusive.