72,234 articles
Emmy Klieneberger-Nobel
Emmy Klieneberger-Nobel (1892–1985) was a German-born British microbiologist who, after fleeing Nazi persecution, discovered bacterial L-forms at the Lister Institute in London and co-discovered the mycoplasmas.
Emoia
Emoia is a genus of Pacific and Southeast Asian skinks (family Scincidae) established by Gray in 1845, with about 77 species, many island endemics, including the extinct E. nativitatis and the endangered E. slevini; molecular work shows the genus is polyphyletic.
Emotional dumping
Emotional dumping, also called trauma dumping, is the informal, non-clinical term for sharing traumatic or emotionally intense experiences without the listener's consent, timing, or capacity in mind, contrasted with healthy venting and linked in research to co-rumination.
Emotional eating
Emotional eating: eating or overeating in response to emotions rather than hunger. Measured with DEBQ, EES, TFEQ questionnaires; scale validity contested; psychological interventions reduce EE (SMD -0.99) and weight (-4.09 kg).
Emotional Freedom Techniques
Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT, tapping), developed by Gary Craig in the 1990s from Callahan's Thought Field Therapy, combines exposure and cognitive therapy with acupoint tapping; meta-analyses show large effects for PTSD, anxiety, and depression versus waitlist, smaller versus active controls.
Emotional support animal
Emotional support animal (ESA): an untrained animal whose presence alleviates symptoms of a person's disability, documented by a mental health professional. Unlike service animals, ESAs lack ADA public-access rights; US housing, air travel, and 2025-2026 HUD enforcement rules define their legal status.
Emotionally focused therapy
Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), also called EFCT for couples, is an attachment-based psychotherapy developed by Sue Johnson and Les Greenberg in the 1980s, structured in three stages and nine steps, with meta-analytic support for treating couple distress.
Empagliflozin
Empagliflozin (Jardiance), an SGLT2 inhibitor by Boehringer Ingelheim approved in 2014, treats type 2 diabetes, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease, reducing cardiovascular death, HF hospitalization, and kidney disease progression.
Empathy in autistic people
Empathy in autistic people: research on cognitive and affective empathy in autism, meta-analytic effect sizes, alexithymia confounds, and Milton's double empathy problem (2012).
Emperor penguin
Emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri), largest living penguin and the only one breeding during the Antarctic winter on Antarctic sea ice; sister lineage to all other penguins, extreme diver, IUCN Endangered since April 2026 due to sea-ice loss.
Emperor scorpion
Emperor scorpion (Pandinus imperator, formerly Buthus imperator), one of the world's largest scorpions at 15–20 cm and up to 32 g, from West African rainforests; mild venom, CITES Appendix II, popular pet.
Empetrum
Empetrum (crowberry), Ericaceae genus of evergreen dwarf shrubs with four accepted species, bipolar across the subarctic Northern Hemisphere and southern South America; black seedy berries eaten by people and wildlife.
Empetrum nigrum
Empetrum nigrum (black crowberry, crowberry) is an evergreen Ericaceae dwarf shrub of boreal and arctic Northern Hemisphere heaths, with black stone fruits, diploid dioecious and tetraploid hermaphroditum groups, and bibenzyl-based allelopathy.
EMPHASIS trial
EMPHASIS: phase 3 Lancet 2026 trial (Lu et al., NCT05836740) of oral minocycline within 72 h of acute ischaemic stroke in 1,724 Chinese patients; mRS 0-1 at 90 days 52.6% vs 47.4%, no safety concerns.
EMPHASIS-HF trial
EMPHASIS-HF, the Eplerenone in Mild Patients Hospitalization and Survival Study in Heart Failure, tested eplerenone in 2,737 patients with mild systolic heart failure and stopped early for benefit.
Emphysema
Emphysema, also called pulmonary emphysema, is a type of COPD in which alveolar walls are destroyed, mainly by smoking or alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency; diagnosed by spirometry and CT, treated with bronchodilators, oxygen, and lung volume reduction.
Empididae
Empididae, the dance flies, is a predatory fly family in Empidoidea (Diptera). Known for aerial mating swarms, male nuptial gifts, and reversed female ornaments in Empis, Hilara, and Rhamphomyia; classification revised by Sinclair & Cumming 2006 and molecular work establishing Ragadidae as sister.
Empidonax
Empidonax is a genus of small tyrant flycatchers (Tyrannidae) established by Cabanis in 1855; its North American species, such as Willow, Alder, Least, and Western Flycatcher, are notoriously similar and identified mainly by voice.
Empire of the Ants (film)
Empire of the Ants is a 1977 American science fiction horror film directed by Bert I. Gordon, loosely based on an H. G. Wells story and starring Joan Collins.
Empiric antibiotic therapy
Empiric antibiotic therapy is the practice of starting antibiotics for a suspected bacterial infection before the pathogen and its susceptibilities are known, later narrowing the regimen.
Empirical antibiotic therapy
Empirical antibiotic therapy is the initial antibiotic regimen for a suspected bacterial infection, chosen before the pathogen and its susceptibilities are known, and later narrowed based on culture results.
Empis
Empis Linnaeus, 1758 is a large genus of dance flies (Empididae) with about 810 species on all continents, dagger-like predatory mouthparts, long proboscis, and male nuptial prey gifts; non-monophyletic per UCE phylogenomics.
Employees' State Insurance
Employees' State Insurance (कर्मचारी राज्य बीमा, Karmachari Rajya Bima Yojana) is India's 1948 social insurance scheme for organized-sector workers, run by ESIC, providing medical, sickness, maternity, disablement and dependant benefits funded by employer and employee contributions.
Empty nose syndrome
Empty nose syndrome (ENS), coined by Kern and Stenkvist in 1994, is an iatrogenic disorder after turbinate surgery causing paradoxical nasal obstruction despite a patent airway; diagnosed by ENS6Q and cotton test, treated with implants and IMAP.
Empty sella syndrome
Empty sella syndrome (ESS, arachnoidocele): flattening of the pituitary gland with CSF filling the sella turcica on MRI. Primary ESS has no cause; secondary follows tumor, surgery, radiation, or trauma, often with hypopituitarism.
Emtricitabine
Emtricitabine (FTC, Emtriva) is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor approved by the FDA in 2003 for HIV-1 treatment; with tenofovir it forms Truvada and Descovy, used for treatment and PrEP, and is clinically interchangeable with lamivudine.
Emtricitabine/tenofovir
Emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF, Truvada) is a fixed-dose HIV pill approved for treatment in 2004 and as the first PrEP drug in 2012; pooled trials show RR 0.46 versus placebo, with adherence-dependent effectiveness and renal/bone cautions.
Emu
The emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) is Australia's tallest native bird, a flightless ratite found only in Australia. Males incubate 5–15 dark green eggs for about 55 days without eating; extinct dwarf island forms existed.
Emu Bay Shale
Emu Bay Shale: early Cambrian (~512 Ma) Burgess Shale-type Lagerstätte on Kangaroo Island, South Australia; over 50 soft-bodied species, discovered 1954, fan delta in tectonically active basin.
Emydidae
Emydidae, pond turtles and terrapins (Rafinesque, 1815), a monophyletic family of about 52 freshwater and semi-terrestrial turtle species in 12 genera, split into Emydinae and Deirochelyinae, native mainly to the Americas with Emys in Europe, Africa, and Asia.