72,234 articles
Endre Hőgyes
Endre Hőgyes (1847–1906) was a Hungarian physician and bacteriologist who founded Hungary's Pasteur Institute in Budapest in 1890 and modified Pasteur's rabies vaccine with a safer dilution method.
Endrin
Endrin (CAS 72-20-8) is a cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide, the endo,endo stereoisomer of dieldrin, formerly used on cotton and other crops and as a rodenticide; banned in the US since 1991 and listed for elimination under the Stockholm Convention.
Endurance
Endurance: the capacity to sustain prolonged physical effort, determined by VO2max, lactate threshold, and efficiency; shaped by mitochondrial adaptations, fatigue mechanisms, and WHO activity guidelines (150-300 min/week).
Endurance Training (procedure)
Endurance training as a pastime: long-duration, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (running, cycling, swimming) to raise VO2max and stamina; polarized or pyramidal intensity distribution, 150 min weekly health baseline.
Enema
Enema (clyster): injection of liquid into the rectum to relieve constipation, prepare the bowel for colonoscopy or surgery, or deliver drugs; used since an Egyptian papyrus of about 1500 BC, with types including saline, glycerin, bisacodyl, and mineral oil.
Energy flow (ecology)
Energy flow (ecology): one-way transfer of solar energy through trophic levels, from producers to consumers and decomposers. Key figures: Lindeman's 1942 trophic-dynamic concept, the 10% rule, and measured mean transfer efficiency of 5.92%.
Energy Intake
Energy intake (EI): energy consumed in food and drink, in kcal or MJ/day. Measured by self-report (recalls, records, FFQs) and validated against doubly labeled water; self-reports under-report by roughly 1–47%.
Energy medicine
Energy medicine: complementary practices based on an invisible biofield or vital energy, including Reiki, Therapeutic Touch, and Healing Touch; unvalidated premise, mixed clinical evidence, strongest signal for pain reduction.
Energy-converting hydrogenase B, subunit P
Energy-converting hydrogenase B, subunit P (EhbP; InterPro IPR019597, Pfam pfam10622, KEGG K14125) is a conserved small subunit of Ehb, a membrane-bound group 4 [NiFe] hydrogenase of methanogenic archaea that couples H2 oxidation to ferredoxin reduction and sodium-ion translocation for autotrophic CO2 assimilation.
ENERGY2MOB trial
ENERGY2MOB (NCT06988904) is a randomised controlled trial in Berguedà, Catalonia, testing an 8-week group nutrition, physical activity, and emotional well-being programme for 5-10% weight loss in adults with BMI 27-40.
Enfenamic acid
Enfenamic acid (Tromaril) is an Indian-discovered fenamate NSAID analgesic, N-phenethylanthranilic acid, C15H15NO2, found in 1964 at CSIR-IICT Hyderabad, marketed by Unichem from 1981, then withdrawn.
Enfield Monster
Enfield Monster, or Enfield Horror: alleged three-legged, pink-eyed creature reported by Henry McDaniel in Enfield, Illinois, April–May 1973; a media flap with no physical evidence, later studied by sociologists as rumor amplification, not mass hysteria.
Enflurane
Enflurane (Ethrane) is a halogenated ether used as an inhalational anesthetic for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia; FDA-approved in 1972, it was withdrawn from the US market.
Enfortumab vedotin
Enfortumab vedotin (Padcev, enfortumab vedotin-ejfv), a nectin-4-targeted antibody-drug conjugate for urothelial bladder cancer; FDA approved 2019; EV-301 and EV-302 survival results; boxed skin-reaction warning.
Enfuvirtide
Enfuvirtide, also known as T-20 or Fuzeon, is a 36-amino-acid peptide that blocks HIV-1 entry into cells, FDA-approved in 2003 as the first fusion inhibitor and given by twice-daily injection.
Eng H. Lo
Eng H. Lo, also published as Eng Lo, is a neuroscientist who studies stroke and traumatic brain injury at Massachusetts General Hospital, where he leads the Neuroprotection Research Laboratory.
Eng M. Tan
Eng M. Tan, born Eng Meng Tan (1926–2024), was a Malaysian-born American physician-scientist at Scripps Research whose discovery of autoantibody markers transformed the diagnosis of lupus and scleroderma.
Engelbert Kaempfer
Engelbert Kaempfer (1651-1716), German physician and traveler; Swedish legation to Persia, Persepolis cuneiform pioneer, VOC surgeon on Deshima 1690-92; author of Amoenitates Exoticae and History of Japan; manuscripts in the British Library.
Engineered and chimeric archaeal polymerase derivatives
Engineered and chimeric archaeal polymerase derivatives are artificial DNA polymerases built from thermostable archaeal enzymes like Pfu, adding speed and processivity while keeping high fidelity.
Engineered cardiac patch
An engineered cardiac patch is a laboratory-grown sheet of heart muscle implanted on an injured heart to add contractile tissue and support repair after a heart attack.
Engineered cytochrome P450 late-stage C–H oxidation
Engineered cytochrome P450 late-stage C–H oxidation uses protein-engineered P450 enzymes to insert oxygen into specific, unactivated carbon–hydrogen bonds of complex molecules such as drugs and natural products.
Engineered myoglobin
Engineered myoglobin refers to variants of the muscle protein myoglobin, altered by active-site mutation or cofactor substitution, that catalyze abiological reactions such as carbene transfer and alkene cyclopropanation.
Engineered subtilisin variants for industrial applications
Engineered subtilisin variants are protein-engineered forms of the bacterial serine protease subtilisin, modified by mutagenesis or directed evolution for stability in laundry detergents, leather processing, and other industrial uses.
Engineered virus-like particles (eVLPs)
Engineered virus-like particles (eVLPs) are noninfectious, nanoscale particles assembled from retroviral proteins that mimic viruses but carry no viral genome, delivering genome-editing proteins into cells.
English Cocker Spaniel
English Cocker Spaniel (Cocker Spaniel outside the US): British flushing gundog breed, AKC Sporting Group, 15-17 inches, 26-34 lb, merry temperament; separate from the smaller American Cocker Spaniel since AKC recognition in 1946.
English Mastiff
English Mastiff (Old English Mastiff), registered simply as Mastiff: giant British guard-dog breed in the AKC Working Group, recognized 1885; males 30 inches and 160-230 pounds, fawn/apricot/brindle coat with black mask, 6-10 year lifespan.
English Setter
English Setter, also called Laverack or Llewellin Setter, a British gundog breed that crouches or 'sets' on finding birds; belton-flecked white coat, 65-69 cm tall, gentle temperament, prone to ear infections and deafness.
English Springer Spaniel
English Springer Spaniel: British gundog (FCI Group 8) bred to spring game; larger "springer" littermates vs cockers. Kennel Club recognition 1902, AKC 1910; 20-inch, ~50 lb standard; field and show types.
English Title study
English Title study is trial NCT07273292, "Autonomic Dysfunction in NMOSD and MS: A Comparative Study," an observational bedside cardiovascular reflex-test study of 100 adults comparing autonomic dysfunction patterns between NMOSD and MS.
Engram (neuropsychology)
Engram: the physical memory trace in the brain, coined by Richard Semon in 1904 (Die Mneme), with engraphy and ecphory; revived by Lashley, now identified as neurons tagged and manipulated optogenetically.