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Engraulidae
Engraulidae (anchovies; anchois, anchoas) is the anchovy family of ray-finned fishes in order Clupeiformes, suborder Clupeoidei, with two subfamilies, Coilinae and Engraulinae, 17 genera, and 141 species, mostly marine plankton feeders.
Engraulis anchoita
Engraulis anchoita (anchoita, Argentine anchovy), Hubbs & Marini 1935, a small pelagic Engraulidae fish from 20°S Brazil to 48°S Argentina; three stocks, IUCN Least Concern, fished mainly in Argentina.
Engraulis japonicus
Engraulis japonicus, the Japanese anchovy, is a small Northwest Pacific clupeiform fish of Engraulidae, described by Temminck & Schlegel in 1846, with 26–30 lower gill rakers, temperature-dependent spawning near 15 °C, and major fisheries in Japan, Korea, and China.
Engraulis mordax
Engraulis mordax, the northern anchovy (also North Pacific or California anchovy), is a small schooling forage fish from British Columbia to Baja California; IUCN Least Concern, boom-and-bust populations, US central subpopulation ACL 25,000 mt.
Engystomops
Engystomops, the foam frogs or Neotropical puddle frogs, is a genus of nine leptodactylid frog species from southern Mexico to Bolivia, including the túngara frog E. pustulosus, known for floating foam nests built with ranaspumin-2 protein.
Enhanced community quarantine in Luzon
Enhanced community quarantine in Luzon: Duterte's COVID-19 lockdown of Luzon island declared March 16, 2020 (Proclamation 929), effective March 17, extended to April 30 and then May 15 in high-risk areas, with strict home quarantine, suspended transport, and essential-only economy.
Enhanced external counterpulsation
Enhanced external counterpulsation, or EECP, is a noninvasive therapy for chronic angina in which pneumatic cuffs on the legs inflate during diastole to improve coronary blood flow.
Enhanced physiological tremor
Enhanced physiological tremor (EPT), enhanced physiologic tremor, ICD-11 8A04.0: a visible, low-amplitude, high-frequency (8-12 Hz) bilateral action tremor caused by reversible amplification of normal physiological tremor by anxiety, caffeine, drugs, or hyperthyroidism, distinct from essential tremor.
Enhanced recovery after surgery
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), also called fast-track rehabilitation, is a standardized multidisciplinary perioperative care protocol developed by Henrik Kehlet that shortens hospital stays and reduces complications across more than 20 countries.
Enhancer (genetics)
Enhancer (genetics): cis-regulatory DNA elements binding transcription factors to boost distal gene expression; first shown with SV40 in 1981; over a million candidate enhancers span ~16% of the human genome.
Enhancer RNA
Enhancer RNA (eRNA): non-coding RNA transcribed by RNA polymerase II from active enhancers, typically bidirectional and unstable; marks enhancer activity and aids enhancer-promoter looping, TF trapping, and pause release.
Enhancer trap
An enhancer trap is a genetic technique in which a reporter gene with a weak promoter is inserted randomly into a genome to reveal where nearby enhancers are active.
Enid MacRobbie
Enid MacRobbie (1931–2024) was a British plant biophysicist, Professor of Plant Biophysics at Cambridge and Fellow of Girton College, known for measuring ion fluxes in plant cells with radioactive tracers.
Eniluracil
Eniluracil (5-ethynyluracil, 776C85, GW776) is an oral fluoropyrimidine analogue that irreversibly inhibits DPD, enabling oral 5-FU; phase III colorectal trials failed equivalence and development stopped.
Enisamium
Enisamium iodide (FAV00A, Amizon) is an oral isonicotinic acid derivative antiviral developed in Ukraine by Farmak, licensed in 11 CIS-region countries, inhibiting influenza and SARS-CoV-2 RNA polymerases via metabolite VR17-04.
ENISH trial
ENISH (NCT03857802) was a parallel open-label randomized trial of nurse-delivered sleep hygiene education, nine recommendations, in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, improving PSQI sleep quality and lowering HbA1c.
Enlarged blind spot
Enlarged blind spot (cecocal scotoma), ICD-11 9D42.20: pathologic widening of the eye's normal optic-disc blind spot. Main causes are idiopathic intracranial hypertension, optic disc drusen, high myopia, and acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement syndrome.
Enlarged lymph nodes
Enlarged lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy) are abnormally sized or altered lymph nodes, >1 cm for most nodes. Usually benign and infectious; malignancy causes 1.1% of primary care cases, 4% over age 40.
Enlarged parietal foramina
Enlarged parietal foramina (EPF, Catlin marks, foramina parietalia permagna) are hereditary symmetric openings in the parietal bones from failed ossification, caused by ALX4 or MSX2 variants, autosomal dominant, prevalence 1/15,000–1/50,000, usually asymptomatic.
Enmetazobactam
Enmetazobactam (AAI101) is an Indian-invented penicillanic acid sulfone beta-lactamase inhibitor paired with cefepime as Exblifep/Orblicef, approved 2024 for complicated UTI; ALLIUM trial showed 79.1% vs 58.9% success.
Enneapogon nigricans
Enneapogon nigricans (black-heads, nine-awn grass, bottlebrush grass) is an Australian perennial grass of Poaceae with dark, spike-like panicles and nine-awned lemmas, native from southeast Queensland to southeast Australia and used as forage.
Eno (drug)
Eno (Eno Fruit Salt) is an effervescent antacid powder of sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, and citric acid, invented by James Crossley Eno in 1850s Newcastle, owned by Haleon, and a leading acidity-relief brand in India, Brazil, and other markets.
ENO1
ENO1 (enolase 1, alpha-enolase, MBP-1 source gene), human gene at 1p36.23 encoding the glycolytic enzyme converting 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate; a moonlighting plasminogen receptor overexpressed in over 70% of cancers.
ENO2
ENO2 (enolase 2, gamma-enolase, neuron-specific enolase) is the human gene at 12p13.31 encoding the neuron- and neuroendocrine-specific glycolytic enolase dimer, used as a tumor marker for small cell lung cancer and studied as a brain injury biomarker.
Enobosarm
Enobosarm (ostarine, GTx-024, MK-2866, VERU-024) is an oral nonsteroidal SARM developed for cancer cachexia; it raised lean body mass in phase 2/3 trials but won no US or EU approval and is WADA-prohibited.
Enoch Gordis
Enoch Gordis (1931–2023) was an American physician who directed the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism from 1986, after founding a large alcohol treatment program in Queens, New York.
Enolase
Enolase (phosphopyruvate hydratase, EC 4.2.1.11) is the dimeric, magnesium-dependent glycolytic enzyme that dehydrates 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate; vertebrates have alpha, beta, and gamma isozymes, and gamma-containing neuron-specific enolase serves as a neuroendocrine tumor marker.
eNOS activation
eNOS activation (endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation, NOS3) is the calcium-calmodulin, phosphorylation (Ser1177/Thr495), acylation and cofactor-dependent process that switches caveolin-bound eNOS into an active NO-producing enzyme in vascular endothelium.
Enoxaparin sodium
Enoxaparin sodium (Lovenox, Clexane; Sanofi) is a low-molecular-weight heparin anticoagulant made by controlled depolymerization of heparin, US-approved 1993, used for DVT prophylaxis and treatment and acute coronary syndromes, with renal dose adjustment and a spinal hematoma boxed warning.
Enoximone
Enoximone (fenoximone, MDL 17,043, Perfan) is a phosphodiesterase III inhibitor with positive inotropic and vasodilating action, used short-term intravenously for acute congestive heart failure in Europe and the UK, not North America.