72,234 articles
Erwin F. Wagner
Erwin F. Wagner, born 1950 in Austria, is a molecular biologist known for engineering the mouse genome to define what the AP-1 complex does in bone, liver, and skin disease.
Erwin Frink Smith
Erwin Frink Smith (1854–1927) was an American plant pathologist with the USDA who proved bacteria cause plant diseases and identified the crown gall bacterium in 1907.
Erwin Neher
Erwin Neher, born in 1944, is a German biophysicist who co-invented the patch-clamp technique for measuring single ion channels, winning the 1991 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Erwin Payr
Erwin Payr (1871–1946) was a German surgeon who held chairs at Greifswald, Königsberg, and Leipzig, pioneered vascular surgery, and left his name on Payr's disease and the Payr clamp.
Erwin W. Gelfand
Erwin W. Gelfand is an American pediatric immunologist known for research on severe combined immunodeficiency and asthma, and Professor Emeritus at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.
Erwinia
Erwinia, a genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped plant-associated bacteria in the Erwiniaceae; type species E. amylovora causes fire blight, while soft rot species were reclassified into Pectobacterium and Dickeya.
Erwinia amylovora
Erwinia amylovora, Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae bacterium, causal agent of fire blight of Rosaceae (apple, pear); requires T3SS and amylovoran; streptomycin resistance via Tn5393; EPPO A2 quarantine pest.
Erycina
Erycina Lindl. (syn. Psygmorchis) is a genus of seven miniature neotropical twig-epiphytic orchids in Oncidiinae, native from Mexico to southern tropical America and Trinidad, described by Lindley in 1853.
Erycites
Erycites (Gemmellaro, 1886) is an extinct Aalenian ammonite genus, type species E. fallifax, of the Erycitinae; widespread in the Western Tethys and ancestral to Stephanocerataceae.
Erymnoceras
Erymnoceras (Hyatt, 1900) is an extinct Callovian ammonite genus in Pachyceratidae; type species Ammonites coronatus Bruguière 1789, index of the Middle Callovian Coronatum Zone, recorded from Europe, Saudi Arabia, Mexico, and Ethiopia.
Eryngium
Eryngium (sea holly, eryngo) is the largest genus of Apiaceae, about 250 spiny, capitate-flowered species worldwide, split into subgenera Eryngium and Monocotyloidea, used as food, medicine, and ornamentals.
Eryngium campestre
Eryngium campestre, the field eryngo, is a spiny perennial herb of the carrot family native to Europe, North Africa, and the Caucasus, growing up to about 75 cm.
Eryngium maritimum
Eryngium maritimum, sea holly, is a spiny blue-flowered perennial Apiaceae of European coastal dunes and shingle from the Atlantic to the Black Sea, a poor competitor threatened locally by habitat loss and invasive plants.
Eryops
Eryops is a genus of large eryopid temnospondyl amphibians from the Late Pennsylvanian to Early Permian of North America; type species E. megacephalus, named by Cope in 1877, was a semi-aquatic apex predator.
Erysimum
Erysimum (wallflower) is a large, taxonomically complex genus of Brassicaceae with about 150–350 species across temperate Eurasia, Macaronesia, North Africa, and the Americas, combining glucosinolates with cardenolides and radiating rapidly in the Pliocene-Pleistocene.
Erysimum cheiri
Erysimum cheiri, also Erysimum × cheiri or Cheiranthus cheiri, the wallflower or Aegean wallflower, a fragrant Brassicaceae subshrub native to Greece, naturalized widely, grown ornamentally and used for essential oils and folk medicine.
Erysipelas
Erysipelas (Greek erythros + pella, red skin), also historically St. Anthony's fire, is a superficial dermal infection usually caused by group A Streptococcus, sharply demarcated, classically facial but now mostly on the legs, treated with antibiotics.
Erysipelas of face
Erysipelas of face (ICD-11 1B70.00), also called St. Anthony's fire: acute streptococcal infection of facial skin and superficial lymphatics, butterfly rash, treated with penicillin, historically common but now a rare site.
Erysipeloid
Erysipeloid (erysipeloid of Rosenbach, fish handler's disease) is an occupational skin infection caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, entering via cuts, causing a violaceous hand rash 2-7 days after exposure, treated with penicillin.
Erysipelothrix
Erysipelothrix (Rosenbach 1909), erysipelas thread, a genus of Gram-positive rods; type species E. rhusiopathiae causes swine erysipelas and human erysipeloid; vancomycin-resistant, penicillin-susceptible.
Erysiphaceae
Erysiphaceae (powdery mildews) is a family of obligate biotrophic ascomycete fungi in Helotiales, Leotiomycetes, infecting about 10,000 angiosperm species; about 820 species in 19 genera, including Erysiphe, Blumeria, and Podosphaera.
Erysiphales
Erysiphales, the powdery mildews (Erysiphaceae), are obligate biotrophic ascomycete plant pathogens in Leotiomycetes, with about 16-17 genera and 900 species infecting over 9,800 angiosperm hosts; taxonomy was drastically revised in 2002 using DNA data.
Erysiphe
Erysiphe is the largest genus of powdery mildew fungi, obligate plant pathogens growing as white colonies on leaves and causing diseases on more than 10,000 host species.
Erythema ab igne
Erythema ab igne (toasted skin syndrome) is a reticulated hyperpigmented rash from chronic moderate heat exposure below burn threshold, historically from fires and now from laptops, heating pads, and heaters; treat by removing the heat source.
Erythema elevatum diutinum
Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED), a rare chronic leukocytoclastic small-vessel vasculitis among neutrophilic dermatoses; red-brown nodules on extensor surfaces, linked to HIV, IgA gammopathy, and autoimmune disease; treated with dapsone.
Erythema induratum of Bazin
Erythema induratum of Bazin (Bazin disease, tuberculosis cutis indurativa) is a tuberculid causing recurrent ulcerating nodules on women's calves, linked to Mycobacterium tuberculosis hypersensitivity.
Erythema marginatum
Erythema marginatum is an evanescent, non-pruritic, serpiginous pink rash of the trunk and proximal limbs, a rare but major Jones criterion of acute rheumatic fever and a prodromal sign of hereditary angioedema.
Erythema marginatum rheumaticum
Erythema marginatum rheumaticum (ICD-11 EA50.0) is the annular, evanescent, non-pruritic skin eruption of acute rheumatic fever, occurring in up to 10% of cases, mainly in children aged 5-15, and a major Jones criterion.
Erythema multiforme
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated, self-limiting mucocutaneous rash with target lesions, usually triggered by herpes simplex virus type 1; distinct from Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Erythema multiforme major
Erythema multiforme major (EM majus, erythema exsudativum multiforme majus) is erythema multiforme with mucosal involvement at two or more sites, mainly herpes-triggered, self-limiting, and distinct from Stevens-Johnson syndrome.