72,234 articles
Erythema nodosum
Erythema nodosum (EN), the most common panniculitis, causes tender red nodules on the shins, mainly in women aged 25–40, triggered by streptococcal infection, sarcoidosis, IBD, drugs, or pregnancy, resolving in 2–8 weeks.
Erythema palmare hereditarium
Erythema palmare hereditarium, or Lane's disease, is a rare benign inherited condition of persistent, asymptomatic red palms (sometimes soles) beginning at birth or infancy; 17 reported cases as of 2021, no treatment needed.
Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea
Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR), formerly NRS Subtype 1 and ICD-11 ED90.00, is the flushing and persistent facial redness presentation of rosacea, treated with brimonidine, oxymetazoline, laser, and IPL.
Erythrasma
Erythrasma, also called Corynebacterium minutissimum infection, is a chronic superficial bacterial skin infection of intertriginous folds (groin, axillae, toe webs), diagnosed by coral-red Wood's lamp fluorescence from coproporphyrin III, treated topically with fusidic acid or orally with clarithromycin, and prone to recurrence.
Erythrina
Erythrina (coral trees) is a pantropical genus of about 100–150 prickly, red-flowered legume trees and shrubs in Fabaceae, used as ornamentals, shade and stake trees, green manure, light timber, and medicine.
Erythrocebus
Erythrocebus, patas monkeys or red guenons, a genus of large semi-terrestrial African guenons (Cercopithecidae) of savannas from Senegal to East Africa; includes E. patas, E. baumstarki, and E. poliophaeus.
Erythrocebus patas
Erythrocebus patas, the patas monkey, is a terrestrial Old World monkey of African savannas, the fastest-running primate at about 55 km/h, recognizable by its reddish coat and white mustache.
Erythrocruorin
Erythrocruorin (Ec), also called hexagonal bilayer hemoglobin, is a giant ~3.6 MDa extracellular hemoglobin of annelids and some other invertebrates; 144 globin plus 36 linker subunits, oxidation-resistant, studied as a blood substitute.
Erythrocytapheresis
Erythrocytapheresis is an apheresis procedure in which a device removes a patient's red blood cells and replaces them with donor cells, most often to treat sickle cell disease.
Erythrocyte Aggregation
Erythrocyte aggregation, or rouleaux formation, is the reversible low-shear clumping of red blood cells driven by plasma proteins such as fibrinogen via bridging and depletion mechanisms, raising blood viscosity and the ESR.
Erythrocyte Count
Erythrocyte count (RBC count, red count): a blood test measuring red blood cells per volume, almost always part of a CBC. Normal about 4–6 × 10^12/L, lower in women; used to diagnose anemia and polycythemia.
Erythrocyte Indices
Erythrocyte indices (RBC indices): MCV, MCH, MCHC, and RDW, calculated from the complete blood count to classify anemia by red cell size and hemoglobin content; Wintrobe-derived, with discrimination formulas of limited cross-population reliability.
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, sed rate, Westergren rate): blood test measuring how far red cells settle in one hour; raised by inflammation-driven fibrinogen and rouleaux; used for giant cell arteritis and monitoring.
Erythroderma desquamativum
Erythroderma desquamativum, or Leiner (Leiner-Moussous) disease, is a rare infantile immunodeficiency with generalized seborrheic erythroderma, recurrent infections, malabsorptive diarrhea, and wasting, linked to complement C5 dysfunction and deficient opsonization.
Erythrodermic psoriasis
Erythrodermic psoriasis is a rare, severe variant of psoriasis in which redness and scaling cover 75% or more of the body, causing systemic illness and a dermatologic emergency.
Erythroid lineage cell
Erythroid lineage cell (erythropoietic cell, CL:0000764): any immature or mature cell in the lineage leading to erythrocytes, from HSC-derived BFU-E and CFU-E progenitors through erythroblasts to reticulocytes, regulated by EPO, GATA1, and KLF1.
Erythroid progenitor cell
Erythroid progenitor cell (BFU-E, CFU-E): a progenitor committed to the erythroid lineage, arising from MEP in erythropoiesis; BFU-E needs SCF plus EPO, CFU-E depends on EPO alone, and CD71+ erythroid cells suppress immune responses.
Erythroid progenitor cell, mammalian
Mammalian erythroid progenitor cells, chiefly BFU-E and CFU-E, are EPO- and SCF-regulated, lineage-committed marrow and fetal-liver cells defined by colony-forming assays that generate red blood cells.
Erythrokeratodermia variabilis
Erythrokeratodermia variabilis (EKV, Mendes da Costa syndrome), now grouped as EKVP, is a rare connexin-gene inherited skin disorder with fixed hyperkeratotic plaques and transient migratory red patches, onset in infancy, autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance.
Erythrokeratodermia-cardiomyopathy syndrome
Erythrokeratodermia-cardiomyopathy (EKC) syndrome, ORPHA:476096, a rare autosomal dominant DSP-gene disorder combining generalized erythrokeratoderma, sparse hair, nail and enamel defects with progressive dilated cardiomyopathy.
Erythrolamprus
Erythrolamprus, coral snake mimics, is a Neotropical dipsadine snake genus of about 51 species in Central and South America, absorbing Liophis and Umbrivaga, with hidden diversity, toxic-frog prey resistance, and mild but real bites.
Erythromelalgia
Erythromelalgia, also called Mitchell's disease or erythermalgia, is a rare disorder of burning pain, redness, and heat in the extremities, relieved by cooling. Primary forms involve SCN9A/Nav1.7 mutations; secondary forms follow myeloproliferative and autoimmune disease; aspirin helps myeloproliferative cases.
Erythromycin
Erythromycin (Ilotycin) is a macrolide antibiotic from Saccharopolyspora erythraea that inhibits protein synthesis via 50S ribosome binding; used for respiratory, skin, and other bacterial infections, limited by GI effects, QT prolongation, CYP3A4 interactions, and resistance.
Erythromycin esterase
Erythromycin esterase (Ere) is a bacterial enzyme, first identified in E. coli in 1984, that inactivates macrolide antibiotics such as erythromycin by hydrolyzing their lactone ring, conferring high-level resistance.
Erythronium
Erythronium (fawnlily, trout lily, dog-tooth violet) is a genus of about 30 spring-flowering bulbous herbs in Liliaceae, native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere, with Eurasian, eastern North American, and western North American clades.
Erythronolide synthase
Erythronolide synthase (DEBS, 6-deoxyerythronolide B synthase) is the ~2 MDa modular type I polyketide synthase of Saccharopolyspora erythraea that assembles 6-dEB, the aglycone precursor of erythromycin A, from propionyl-CoA and six methylmalonyl-CoA units.
Erythroparvovirus primate1
Erythroparvovirus primate1 (Primate erythroparvovirus 1) is an ICTV parvovirus species whose exemplar virus is human parvovirus B19 (B19V), a 5,596-nt ssDNA virus causing fifth disease, aplastic crisis, and fetal hydrops.
Erythrophleum
Erythrophleum (ordeal tree genus) is a genus of 12 toxic legume tree species in Fabaceae, native to Africa, Madagascar, Asia, and Australia, containing the heart-poisoning alkaloid erythrophleine.
Erythrophore
Erythrophore: a neural crest-derived vertebrate pigment cell (chromatophore) with pteridine and carotenoid pigments in pterinosomes or erythrosomes, giving orange to red color; distinct from the yellow xanthophore and involved in fish and amphibian color change.
Erythropoiesis
Erythropoiesis is the production of red blood cells from hematopoietic stem cells via BFUe, CFUe, erythroblasts, and reticulocytes, regulated by kidney-derived erythropoietin and the HIF pathway, occurring in yolk sac, fetal liver, and bone marrow.