72,234 articles
Feral pigeon
Feral pigeon (Columba livia), city pigeon descended from escaped domestic pigeons; found on all continents, hybridizing with the wild rock dove, and managed by food reduction, nicarbazin fertility control, and shelters rather than culling.
Ferbam
Ferbam (ferric dimethyldithiocarbamate, C9H18FeN3S6) is a broad-spectrum dithiocarbamate contact fungicide, FRAC M3, multi-site, used on citrus and fruit crops; cancelled in Canada and under EPA review.
Ferber method
Ferber method, also called graduated extinction or controlled crying, is a sleep training technique from Richard Ferber's 1985 book, using timed check-ins at increasing intervals to teach infants, typically from 6 months, to self-soothe.
Ferdinand Adalbert Kehrer
Ferdinand Adalbert Kehrer (1883–1966) was a German neurologist and psychiatrist who held the chair of neurology and psychiatry at the University of Münster from 1925 to 1953.
Ferdinand Engelhart
Ferdinand Engelhart was a pharmacologist in Otto Loewi's institute at Graz who in 1930 and 1931 proved acetylcholine release in the eye during pupillary contraction.
Ferdinand Hueppe
Ferdinand Hueppe (1852–1938) was a German bacteriologist and hygienist, professor at the German University in Prague, and the first president of the German Football Association, 1900 to 1904.
Ferdinand Monoyer
Ferdinand Monoyer (1836–1912), French ophthalmologist of Strasbourg, Nancy, and Lyon; creator of the Monoyer eye chart, the 1875 decimal visual acuity notation, and the diopter unit, with his name hidden in the chart rows.
Ferdinand Sauerbruch
Ferdinand Sauerbruch (1875–1951) was a German surgeon whose negative-pressure chamber made open-chest operations possible, and one of the most influential surgeons of the first half of the twentieth century.
Ferdinand-Jean Darier
Ferdinand-Jean Darier (1856–1938) was a French dermatologist and pathologist who served at the Hôpital Saint-Louis in Paris from 1909 to 1922 and first described Darier's disease in 1889, along with several other skin conditions.
Ferenceratops
Ferenceratops shqiperorum, formerly Zalmoxes shqiperorum, is a ceratopsian dinosaur from the Maastrichtian Sânpetru Formation of Romania, renamed by Maidment et al. in Nature in January 2026 and related to Ajkaceratops, proving horned dinosaurs lived in Late Cretaceous Europe.
Fergus J. Couch
Fergus J. Couch is an American cancer geneticist at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, known for the CARRIERS breast cancer study and classifying BRCA2 gene variants.
Fergus Shanahan
Fergus Shanahan is an Irish gastroenterologist and mucosal immunologist, Professor Emeritus at University College Cork and founding director of APC Microbiome Ireland, a microbiome research center.
Ferguson TE20
Ferguson TE20, the "little grey Fergie", a small grey utility tractor built at Banner Lane, Coventry, 1946–1956, carrying Harry Ferguson's three-point linkage; over 517,000 built, with Continental then Standard Vanguard engines, succeeded by the Massey Ferguson 35.
Ferid Murad
Ferid Murad (1936–2023) was an Albanian-American physician and pharmacologist who discovered that nitric oxide signals in the cardiovascular system, winning the 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Ferlin family
Ferlin family: six mammalian Fer-1-like genes (dysferlin, otoferlin, myoferlin, Fer1L4-6), tail-anchored proteins with five to seven C2 domains regulating calcium-dependent vesicle fusion; DYSF mutations cause LGMD2B and Miyoshi myopathy, OTOF mutations cause DFNB9 deafness.
FERM domain
FERM domain (IPR000299), a ~300-amino-acid protein module named for 4.1 protein, ezrin, radixin, moesin; localizes proteins to the plasma membrane, clover-shaped three-lobe fold, found in ERM proteins, talin, FAK, JAKs.
Fermagate
Fermagate (iron-magnesium hydroxycarbonate, ALPHAREN) is an investigational calcium-free oral phosphate binder with a hydrotalcite structure, developed by Ineos Healthcare for hyperphosphatemia in hemodialysis; phase 2 trials showed dose-dependent phosphate lowering, but phase 3 was stopped and it was never approved.
Fermentation
Fermentation: anaerobic metabolism in which organic compounds serve as both electron donor and acceptor, regenerating NAD+ for glycolysis; also the microbial process behind foods, beer, wine, and modern precision fermentation, defined by Pasteur in 1857.
Fermentation and curing of olives
Fermentation and curing of olives: processing methods (Spanish lye, Greek natural brine, Californian oxidation, dry salt) that remove bitter oleuropein and preserve table olives via lactic acid bacteria and yeasts.
Fermentation in food processing
Fermentation in food processing, or food fermentation, uses yeasts, bacteria, and molds to convert carbohydrates into alcohols or organic acids, preserving foods like yogurt, beer, and kimchi.
Fermentation theory
Fermentation theory explains anaerobic sugar metabolism: glycolysis yields 2 ATP and 2 NADH, and fermentation regenerates NAD+ by reducing pyruvate to lactate, ethanol, or other products, unlike 36-ATP respiration.
Fermentation-derived vanillin
Fermentation-derived vanillin (bio-vanillin) is vanillin made by microbial or enzymatic bioconversion of ferulic acid, eugenol, lignin, or glucose; GRN 1230 approved an E. coli SI-VAN1 process, priced between synthetic (USD 10/kg) and natural vanilla.
Fermented grape pomace
Fermented grape pomace: winery by-product (grape skins, seeds, pulp) biotransformed by yeasts, lactic acid bacteria, or fungi to enhance polyphenols and bioactivity; FDA GRAS Notice 1302 (Crush Dynamics) covers it as a flavoring agent.
FERMT3
FERMT3 (KINDLIN3), gene on chromosome 11q13.1 encoding kindlin-3, a FERM-domain integrin activator in hematopoietic cells; biallelic mutations cause leukocyte adhesion deficiency type III with infections and severe bleeding.
Fern
Fern: vascular spore-producing plants (Polypodiopsida) with fronds, sori, and a two-stage alternation-of-generations life cycle; over 300 million years old, on every continent except Antarctica, distinct from fern allies like horsetails.
Fern allies
Fern allies is a traditional, informal grouping of spore-bearing vascular plants that are not ferns, covering whisk ferns, clubmosses, spikemosses, horsetails, and quillworts; now abandoned as polyphyletic.
Fern biogeography
Fern biogeography is the study of where ferns and lycophytes occur worldwide and how dispersal, climate, and history shape those patterns, with richness peaking in wet montane tropics.
Fern cultivation
Fern cultivation is the practice of growing ferns as ornamental garden or container plants; most are woodland subjects wanting shade, moisture-retentive well-drained soil, and little feeding.
Fern propagation
Fern propagation is the set of techniques for creating new ferns: sowing spores through a two-generation life cycle, or cloning by rhizome division, bulbils, and runners.
Fern rhizome
A fern rhizome is the fern's stem, usually creeping underground, bearing roots and fronds; in tree ferns it can form a trunk up to 20 m tall.