72,234 articles
Fexapotide
Fexapotide triflutate, formerly NX-1207, is an investigational pro-apoptotic peptide drug developed by Nymox, injected once into the prostate to treat BPH and low-grade localized prostate cancer.
Fexinidazole
Fexinidazole (HOE 239), a 5-nitroimidazole oral drug by DNDi and Sanofi, is the first all-oral 10-day treatment for both stages of gambiense and rhodesiense sleeping sickness, EMA-recommended 2018, FDA-approved 2021.
Fexofenadine
Fexofenadine (Allegra) is a second-generation, nonsedating H1 antihistamine for allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria, approved in 1996 as the active metabolite of the withdrawn drug terfenadine (Seldane).
Ff phages
Ff phages are the near-identical filamentous E. coli phages f1, fd, and M13 (Inoviridae, genus Inovirus): 6,407-nt ssDNA genomes, non-lytic extrusion, F-pilus infection, and the basis of phage display and the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
FFAR1
FFAR1 (FFA1, GPR40) is a G protein-coupled free fatty acid receptor on pancreatic beta-cells that senses medium- and long-chain fatty acids and amplifies glucose-dependent insulin secretion; its lead agonist fasiglifam (TAK-875) was halted in phase III over liver toxicity, and no FFAR1 agonist is approved.
FFAR4
FFAR4 (GPR120) is a G-protein-coupled receptor for medium- and long-chain fatty acids, especially omega-3 PUFAs like EPA and DHA, coupling to Gq/11 and beta-arrestin-2 to regulate GLP-1 secretion, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation.
FG syndrome
FG syndrome (Opitz-Kaveggia syndrome, FGS1) is an X-linked recessive disorder of males causing intellectual disability, hypotonia, broad thumbs, anal anomalies, and macrocephaly, most often caused by MED12 mutations such as R961W.
FG-M701
FG-M701 (ABBV-701) is a fully human anti-TL1A monoclonal antibody for inflammatory bowel disease developed by FutureGen Biopharmaceutical (明济生物) and exclusively licensed to AbbVie in June 2024 for $150 million upfront plus up to $1.56 billion in milestones; distinct from the unrelated M701 EpCAM-CD3 bispecific.
FGF1
FGF1 (acidic fibroblast growth factor, ECGF, HBGF1), gene at 5q31.3, is a signal-peptide-less angiogenic FGF secreted nonclassically and the only FGF activating all FGFR splice variants.
FGF10
FGF10 (fibroblast growth factor 10, KGF2), an FGF7-subfamily paracrine ligand of FGFR2b on chromosome 5p12, drives limb, lung, and gland branching morphogenesis; mutations cause LADD syndrome, ALSG, and lethal lung developmental disorders.
FGF19
FGF19 (fibroblast growth factor 19), human orthologue of murine FGF15, is an endocrine gut hormone signaling via FGFR4–β-Klotho to suppress bile acid synthesis; amplified at 11q13.3 in cancers, notably HCC, and targeted by FGFR4 inhibitors and the analogue aldafermin.
FGF2
FGF2 (basic FGF, bFGF), prototypical member of the 23-member fibroblast growth factor family, signals through heparan sulfate and FGFR via Ras-MAPK and PI3K pathways; drives cancer progression and angiogenesis, yet inhibits TGF-β fibrosis and aids wound repair.
FGF21
FGF21 (fibroblast growth factor 21) is a liver-derived, fasting-inducible endocrine hormone signaling through the FGFR1–β-klotho complex that regulates glucose and lipid metabolism; its long-acting analogues improve liver fat and fibrosis in MASH trials but have minimal glycemic effects in humans.
FGF23
FGF23 (fibroblast growth factor 23) is a bone-derived endocrine hormone, secreted by osteoblasts and osteocytes, that acts on kidney FGFR–α-Klotho receptors to promote phosphate excretion and suppress active vitamin D; excess causes hypophosphatemic rickets, deficiency causes tumoral calcinosis.
FGF3
FGF3 (fibroblast growth factor 3, formerly INT2) is a gene on 11q13.3 encoding a secreted FGF ligand; recessive mutations cause LAMM deafness syndrome, and the locus is co-amplified with FGF4, FGF19, and CCND1 in cancers.
FGF4
FGF4 (HST-1, K-FGF), fibroblast growth factor 4 on chromosome 11 near FGF3: a paracrine FGF signaling via FGFR1c/FGFR2c with heparan sulfate, essential in limb bud and blastocyst patterning, amplified or methylation-activated in cancers including SDH-deficient GIST.
FGF7
FGF7, also called keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), is a mesenchyme-secreted human FGF family growth factor acting specifically on epithelial FGFR2b; key in wound reepithelialization, organogenesis, and the basis of the mucositis drug palifermin.
FGF8
FGF8 (fibroblast growth factor 8, AIGF, KAL6) is a protein-coding gene on human chromosome 10q24.32 encoding an FGF ligand binding FGFR1; essential for embryonic development and GnRH neuron migration, mutated in Kallmann syndrome.
FGF9
FGF9 (fibroblast growth factor 9, glia-activating factor, GAF) is a 208-amino-acid secreted heparin-binding paracrine FGF on chromosome 13q12.11, acting via FGFR IIIc isoforms; loss causes lung hypoplasia, sex reversal, and multiple synostoses syndrome 3.
FGFR4
FGFR4 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 4, CD334, JTK2) is a receptor tyrosine kinase on chromosome 5q35.1, the hepatic FGF19 receptor requiring beta-Klotho, linked to bile acid regulation and cancers, and targeted by covalent inhibitors such as fisogatinib.
FGG
FGG (fibrinogen gamma chain, HGNC:3694, GeneID 2266) is the human 4q32.1 gene encoding the gamma chain of fibrinogen; mutations cause afibrinogenemia, hypofibrinogenemia, dysfibrinogenemia, and thrombophilia.
FH study
The Fetal-Hope (FH) study, NCT05958446, is an Italian multicenter observational trial testing home fetal heart rate monitoring with a handheld Doppler in anti-Ro/SSA-positive pregnant women to detect fetal atrioventricular block early.
FHF complex subunit HOOK interacting protein
FHF complex subunit HOOK interacting protein (FHIP) is a family of eukaryotic proteins that serve as the cargo-recognition subunits of the FTS–Hook–FHIP complex, which links cytoplasmic dynein to intracellular cargo.
FHIT
FHIT (fragile histidine triad) is a human tumor suppressor gene at 3p14.2 spanning the FRA3B fragile site, encoding an Ap3A hydrolase lost in about half of cancers.
FHL1
FHL1 (four and a half LIM domains 1, formerly SLIM) is a human Xq26.3 gene encoding a 32 kDa LIM-domain muscle protein with isoforms FHL1A/B/C; mutations cause Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, reducing body myopathy, and cardiomyopathy. Distinct from complement factor H-like protein 1.
FHL2
FHL2 (four and a half LIM domains 2, also DRAL or SLIM3) is a human LIM-only adaptor protein of four and a half LIM domains, heart-enriched, a negative regulator of cardiac adrenergic hypertrophy, and a tissue-dependent oncoprotein or tumor suppressor; distinct from the FHL2 blood disease.
FHLPA study
FHLPA (Lp(a) and Aortic Valve Calcification), ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02976818, a completed Laval University study led by Patrick Couture on lipoprotein(a), familial hypercholesterolemia, and aortic valve calcification; no results posted.
Fiber FISH
Fiber FISH is a cytogenetic technique that hybridizes fluorescent probes to stretched DNA fibers on slides, resolving gene order at roughly 1 kb, far beyond standard FISH.
Fiber photometry
Fiber photometry is an optical neuroscience method recording bulk fluorescence from genetically encoded indicators in a targeted brain region of a behaving animal through an implanted optical fiber.
Fiber-seq
Fiber-seq is a single-molecule long-read sequencing method, introduced in 2020, that uses methyltransferase labeling to read nucleosome positions, accessibility, and methylation on individual chromatin fibers.