72,234 articles
Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia, also called fibromyalgia syndrome, is a chronic disorder of widespread pain, fatigue, and sleep problems, diagnosed clinically with no biomarker. It affects about 1.5–2% of people, mostly women; exercise is first-line, drugs give only small benefits.
Fibronectin
Fibronectin: dimeric adhesive glycoprotein of blood, cell surfaces, and extracellular matrix; RGD motif, α5β1 integrin receptor, stretch-driven fibrillogenesis, wound healing, and bacterial FnBP target.
Fibronectin glomerulopathy
Fibronectin glomerulopathy (GFND, glomerulopathy with fibronectin deposits): rare autosomal dominant kidney disease from FN1 mutations, with fibronectin deposits in glomeruli, proteinuria, hematuria, hypertension, and end-stage renal disease in 15-20 years.
Fibropapillomatosis
Fibropapillomatosis (FP), sea turtle fibropapilloma disease linked to Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5), causing cutaneous and internal tumors, mainly in green turtles (Chelonia mydas), first described 1938, panzootic since the 1990s.
Fibropolycystic liver disease
Fibropolycystic liver disease (ductal plate malformation, fibrocystic liver disease) is a spectrum of heritable ciliopathy disorders of intrahepatic bile ducts, including congenital hepatic fibrosis, Caroli disease, biliary hamartomas, and polycystic liver disease, causing portal hypertension, cholangitis, and rarely cholangiocarcinoma.
Fibrosarcoma
Fibrosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor of fibroblastic origin arising in deep soft tissue and bone, spanning an aggressive adult form and an infantile form with excellent survival.
Fibrosis
Fibrosis, or fibrotic scarring, is the excessive buildup of scar tissue in organs such as the lung, liver, heart, and kidney after chronic injury, impairing function.
Fibrosis of spleen
Fibrosis of spleen (fibrotic spleen, ICD-11 3B81.9) is excess fibrous connective tissue causing partial or complete splenic degradation, following trauma, toxicity, inflammation, infarction, or neoplasia; confirmed by imaging and elastography.
Fibrosis-neurodegeneration-cerebral angiomatosis syndrome
FINCA syndrome (fibrosis, neurodegeneration, cerebral angiomatosis; OMIM 618278, ORPHA:621758) is a rare autosomal recessive NHLRC2-related infantile multisystem disorder with interstitial lung fibrosis, neurodevelopmental delay, seizures, recurrent infections, and macrocytic anemia.
FibroTest
FibroTest is a blood test combining five serum biomarkers, adjusted for age and sex, into a score estimating liver fibrosis stage, a noninvasive alternative to biopsy.
Fibrothorax
Fibrothorax, or pleural peel, is severe fibrosis fusing the visceral and parietal pleura, usually after empyema, hemothorax, or tuberculous pleuritis, causing restrictive lung disease and treated by decortication.
Fibrous astrocyte
Fibrous astrocyte (Cell Ontology CL:4042008), a white-matter astrocyte subtype with long straight processes parallel to axon bundles; GFAP domain diameter 85.6 μm in mouse, 183.2 μm in human; supports axon tracts and contacts vasculature and nodes of Ranvier.
Fibrous dysplasia of bone
Fibrous dysplasia of bone (FD), also called fibrous dysplasia/McCune-Albright syndrome when syndromic, is a rare benign skeletal disorder from postzygotic GNAS mutations in which fibrous tissue replaces bone, causing pain, deformity, and fractures; monostotic in about 70% of cases.
Fibrous joint
Fibrous joint: a joint where bones are united by fibrous connective tissue with no joint cavity. Three types: skull sutures, tooth-socket gomphoses, and syndesmoses between parallel bones like the radius and ulna.
Fibula
The fibula, also called the calf bone, is the slim lateral bone of the lower leg. It bears no weight but stabilizes the ankle and forms the lateral malleolus.
Fibular aplasia-complex brachydactyly syndrome
Fibular aplasia-complex brachydactyly syndrome, or Du Pan syndrome (ORPHA:2639, OMIM 228900), is an autosomal recessive GDF5-related skeletal disorder with fibular aplasia and complex brachydactyly; fewer than 30 cases reported, no specific treatment.
Fibular hemimelia
Fibular hemimelia (congenital fibular deficiency, postaxial hypoplasia) is a congenital partial or complete absence of the fibula with tibial shortening, foot and ankle deformity, and leg length discrepancy; the most common long bone deficiency, treated by lengthening reconstruction or amputation.
Fibulin-1
Fibulin-1 (FBLN1, Gene ID 2192) is a 90-100 kDa extracellular matrix glycoprotein, the first-discovered fibulin, found in plasma, basement membranes, and elastic fibers, with splice variants C and D, roles in fibronectin-dependent matrix assembly, vessel stability, and lung, cancer, and liver disease.
Ficedula
Ficedula (Brisson, 1760) is the largest genus of Old World flycatchers in Muscicapidae, about 30 species including the pied and collared flycatchers; molecular work shows it is not monophyletic as traditionally defined.
Fick principle
The Fick principle states that an organ's blood flow equals its uptake of a substance divided by the difference in concentration between inflow and outflow blood.
Ficlatuzumab
Ficlatuzumab (AV-299, SCH 900105), AVEO's humanized anti-HGF IgG1 monoclonal antibody blocking HGF/c-Met signaling; combined with cetuximab for HPV-negative recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer, now in the phase 3 FIERCE-HN trial.
Fictional veterinarians as a cultural phenomenon
Fictional veterinarians are a recurring figure in novels, films, and television, usually shown as competent and empathetic, though portrayals lag the real profession's shift toward women and small-animal practice.
Ficus
Ficus (figs), genus Tourn. ex L. in Moraceae, pantropical trees and hemi-epiphytes with syconium inflorescences pollinated by specific Agaonidae wasps; 892 accepted species per Kew POWO; includes edible Ficus carica and strangler figs.
Ficus benghalensis
Ficus benghalensis, the banyan or Indian banyan (national tree of India), is a huge evergreen fig of the Indian subcontinent whose aerial roots become secondary trunks; it starts as a strangler epiphyte and is pollinated by species-specific fig wasps.
Ficus benjamina
Ficus benjamina, the weeping fig (垂叶榕), is an evergreen Moraceae tree native to tropical and subtropical Asia and northern Australia, widely grown indoors and outdoors; known for leaf drop, irritant sap, and Least Concern status.
Ficus elastica
Ficus elastica (rubber plant, India rubber fig), a Moraceae tree native from Nepal to western Malesia; once a rubber source, now a common houseplant, IUCN Least Concern, 2n=26.
Ficus lyrata
Ficus lyrata (fiddle-leaf fig, banjo fig) is a hemiepiphytic Moraceae tree native to west and west-central tropical Africa, a Least Concern species grown as a large-leaved landscape tree and popular but fussy houseplant.
Ficus microcarpa
Ficus microcarpa (Chinese banyan, Indian laurel) is a hemiepiphytic fig tree native from tropical Asia to the western Pacific, pollinated by the wasp Parapristina verticillata, widely planted as an ornamental and bonsai, and a Category I invasive in Florida after its pollinator was introduced.
Ficus racemosa
Ficus racemosa, commonly called the cluster fig or gular, is a large fig tree native from Pakistan to northern Australia and pollinated by the fig wasp Ceratosolen fusciceps.
Ficus religiosa
Ficus religiosa, the sacred fig or aśvattha (peepal, bodhi tree), is a Moraceae strangler fig up to 30 m native to India to southern China, pollinated by Platyscapa quadraticeps, sacred in Hinduism and Buddhism, with the 288 BC Sri Maha Bodhi as the oldest dated plant.