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Fruit- and vegetable-derived vitamin C
Fruit- and vegetable-derived vitamin C is ascorbic acid extracted from produce rather than synthesized; in the US it is covered by FDA GRAS Notice GRN 769 (NutriFusion LLC, no-questions letter, October 2018) as a substitute for other ascorbic acid forms.
Fruitarianism
Fruitarianism, or the fruitarian diet, is a highly restrictive vegan diet of primarily raw fruit (70-80% of calories), excluding cooked food, grains, and animal products; dietitians warn of B12, calcium, and protein deficiencies, diabetes and tooth-decay risks, and generally do not recommend it.
Frullania
Frullania Raddi, 1818: sole genus of Frullaniaceae, largest genus of liverwort order Porellales, 300-375+ species worldwide except Antarctica; epiphytic, reddish, water-sac lobules, eleven subgenera.
Fruticose lichen
Fruticose lichen: a lichen growth form with a three-dimensional, erect or pendulous, shrubby or beard-like thallus (e.g., Usnea, Cladonia), attached at one point, growing 1.5–5 mm per year at the tips, distinct from crustose and foliose forms.
Fryns syndrome
Fryns syndrome (FRNS, OMIM 229850), also called diaphragmatic hernia-facial dysmorphism-distal limb anomalies syndrome, is a rare autosomal recessive multiple congenital anomaly disorder involving congenital diaphragmatic hernia, pulmonary hypoplasia, facial anomalies, and distal limb hypoplasia, caused in some cases by biallelic PIGN variants.
FSCN1
FSCN1 (fascin, fascin-1), gene at 7p22.1, is a 493-amino-acid actin-bundling protein building filopodia for cell migration; re-expressed in carcinomas, it marks poor prognosis and is targeted by the fascin inhibitor NP-G2-044.
FSTL1
FSTL1 (follistatin like 1, FRP, TSC-36) is a secreted 35 kDa matricellular glycoprotein gene on 3q13.33 with context-dependent roles: cardioprotective and pro-angiogenic, pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory in chronic disease, and tumor-promoting or suppressing by cancer type.
FTC-133
FTC-133 (FTC133, CVCL_1219) is a human follicular thyroid carcinoma cell line from a 42-year-old male, TP53 and PTEN mutant, near-homozygous genome, PAX8/TTF-1 positive, and flown in space on Shenzhou-8 and the ISS.
Ftibamzone
Ftibamzone (酞丁安, phthiobuzone, V6133), a thiosemicarbazone topical antiviral developed in China, inhibits viral DNA and early protein synthesis; used for herpes simplex, zoster, trachoma, and condyloma acuminatum, not US-approved.
FTL
FTL (ferritin light chain, HGNC:3999, FTL1/NBIA3) is a human protein-coding gene at 19q13.33 encoding the 19 kDa light subunit of the 24-subunit iron-storage protein ferritin; variants cause hereditary hyperferritinemia-cataract syndrome and neuroferritinopathy.
FTO gene
FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated gene), also called the FTO obesity locus on chromosome 16, was the first GWAS-identified obesity gene (2007) and encodes the first known m6A RNA demethylase; its common risk alleles raise BMI by 0.39 kg/m2 per copy but do not block weight loss.
Fu Bao (panda)
Fu Bao (福宝), female giant panda born 2020 at Everland, South Korea, first panda born in Korea, offspring of Ai Bao and Le Bao; returned to China's Wolong Shenshuping Base in April 2024 amid fan welfare campaigns.
FU study
FU study (Follow-up Visit of High Risk Infants, NCT00009633): NICHD Neonatal Research Network multi-center cohort following surviving extremely low birth-weight infants with neurodevelopmental assessments at 22-26 months corrected age to identify maternal and neonatal risk factors.
Fu Yun Lai Aquarium
Fu Yun Lai Aquarium is an aquarium shop and public aquarium at 68, Jalan Besar, Gunung Rapat, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia, selling guppies, goldfish, aquarium supplies, pet food, and fishing bait, with phone +60 16-593 7512.
Fuberidazole
Fuberidazole (2-(2'-furyl)benzimidazole) is a benzimidazole (MBC, FRAC group 1) seed-treatment fungicide for cereal Fusarium, snow mold, and stinking smut; EU approval expired 2019 and US registration is absent.
FUBP1
FUBP1 (far upstream element binding protein 1, FBP) is a human gene at 1p31.1 encoding a KH-domain single-stranded DNA/RNA-binding helicase that activates MYC transcription via the FUSE element and is overexpressed in many cancers.
Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis
Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis, also called Fuchs uveitis syndrome (FUS), is a chronic, usually unilateral, mild anterior uveitis first described by Ernst Fuchs in 1906, marked by stellate keratic precipitates, iris atrophy, and cataract or glaucoma complications.
Fuchsia
Fuchsia, genus of about 108 flowering plant species in Onagraceae, native from Mexico to tropical South America, New Zealand, and Tahiti; named by Plumier after Leonhart Fuchs; known for pendulous two-tone flowers, edible berries, and thousands of garden hybrids.
Fuciniceras
Fuciniceras (Haas, 1913) is an extinct Pliensbachian ammonoid genus in Hildoceratidae, type species Hildoceras lavinianum; small, evolute, strongly ribbed shells, morphologically but not phylogenetically distinct from Protogrammoceras.
Fucosidosis
Fucosidosis (alpha-L-fucosidase deficiency, OMIM 230000) is an ultra-rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by FUCA1 mutations, with progressive neurodegeneration, coarse facies, angiokeratomas, and recurrent infections.
Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center
Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (复旦大学附属肿瘤医院, FUSCC), founded 1931 as the Sino-Belgian Radium Treatment Hospital, is China's earliest cancer-specialty hospital, a Grade III-A Fudan University affiliate in Shanghai ranked 3rd nationally in oncology.
Fuel wood
Fuel wood (firewood) is unprocessed woody biomass burned for cooking and heating; about 1.87 billion m3 of annual wood harvest is fuel, one-third of households rely on it, and it competes with charcoal, kerosene and LPG.
Fugu (河豚)
Fugu (河豚, fuku) is Japanese pufferfish cuisine containing tetrodotoxin, served only by licensed handlers; 22 of 50+ Japanese species are edible, liver is banned, and poisoning cases still occur yearly.
Fuhrmann syndrome
Fuhrmann syndrome, also called Fuhrmann-Rieger-de Sousa syndrome, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder causing bowed femurs, absent or small fibulae and ulnae, and digit anomalies, caused by WNT7A mutations.
Fuji (apple)
Fuji (ふじ) apple, a Japanese cultivar from a 1939 Ralls Janet × Delicious cross, registered 1962; the world's most-produced apple, sweet, crisp, and storable up to 8 months in controlled atmosphere.
Fukomys
Fukomys, tropical or common mole-rats, is a genus of subterranean African rodents (Bathyergidae) erected in 2006, with 16 recognized species including the Damara mole-rat F. damarensis, eusocial monogamous colonies, and long-lived breeders.
Fukutin-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R13
Fukutin-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R13 (LGMD R13, LGMD2M) is an autosomal recessive dystroglycanopathy caused by FKTN mutations, with infantile hypotonia, proximal weakness, and cardiomyopathy; prevalence under 1 in 1,000,000.
Fulgoridae
Fulgoridae, commonly called lanternflies, is a family of about 770 planthopper species, mostly tropical, including some of the largest at up to 95 mm and the pest spotted lanternfly.
Fulguration
Fulguration is a non-contact electrosurgery technique in which an electrode held slightly off the skin throws sparks that destroy abnormal tissue superficially, named for the Latin word for lightning.
Fuligo septica
Fuligo septica, dog vomit or scrambled egg slime mold, is a plasmodial slime mold (Physaraceae, Amoebozoa, not a fungus) forming large bright yellow foamy masses on mulch in warm humid weather, with pinkish-brown spores and a 9th-century Chinese record.