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Earth sciences

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List of diamond mines

The list of diamond mines covers the world's major producing mines by country, led in 2024 by Russia, Botswana, Angola, Canada, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

List of diamonds

The list of diamonds catalogs notable named stones, including the 3,106-carat Cullinan, the Hope Diamond, the Koh-i-Noor, and record Botswana rough finds, by weight, color, and ownership.

List of earthquakes in 2026

The list of earthquakes in 2026 covers notable worldwide quakes, led by a June magnitude 7.2 and 7.5 doublet in Venezuela that killed thousands and caused $19.6 billion in damage.

List of earthquakes in New Zealand

The list of earthquakes in New Zealand covers notable events in a country recording over 20,000 earthquakes a year, including the deadly 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake.

List of earthquakes in the Levant

The list of earthquakes in the Levant covers earthquakes recorded in Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, and Jordan, most generated by the roughly 1,000-km-long Dead Sea Transform fault.

List of European tornadoes in 2026

A list of confirmed European tornadoes in 2026, documenting events including the August tornado that damaged about 300 houses in Pomas, France, and an October tornado in western Sicily.

List of extreme weather records in Pakistan

The list of extreme weather records in Pakistan covers the country's verified temperature and rainfall extremes, led by Turbat's 53.7 °C heat record and the record 2022 monsoon.

List of F3, EF3, and IF3 tornadoes (2020–present)

The list of F3, EF3, and IF3 tornadoes (2020–present) covers tornadoes rated in the third-strongest category of the Fujita scales, with EF3 winds of 136–165 mph.

List of F5 and EF5 tornadoes

The list of F5 and EF5 tornadoes catalogs tornadoes rated the highest intensity on the Fujita and Enhanced Fujita scales, 53 in the United States since 1950.

List of Florida hurricanes

The list of Florida hurricanes covers tropical cyclones that struck Florida since records began in 1851, including the 1928 Lake Okeechobee hurricane, Hurricane Andrew in 1992, and Ian in 2022.

List of Florida hurricanes (2000–present)

A list of hurricanes that struck Florida from 2000 to the present, including the four-storm seasons of 2004 and 2005 and Ian, the state's costliest hurricane in 2022.

List of gemstones by species

A list of gemstones by species organizes gem materials by mineral species rather than trade name, so ruby and sapphire are both varieties of corundum and emerald is beryl.

List of glaciers

The list of glaciers describes the world's more than 275,000 glaciers and the global inventories, chiefly the WGI, GLIMS, and Randolph Glacier Inventory, that catalog them.

List of heat waves

The list of heat waves covers notable heat wave events worldwide, with their definitions and death tolls, led by the 2003 European event that killed 70,000 people.

List of highest points of South American countries

The highest points of South American countries are each nation's greatest elevations, from Aconcagua in Argentina at 6,960.8 m down to Uruguay's Cerro Catedral at about 514 m.

List of Indian tornadoes

The list of Indian tornadoes covers tornadoes documented in India since 1838, concentrated in pre-monsoon months over West Bengal, including a Calcutta tornado that killed 215 people.

List of Iowa tornadoes

Tornadoes in Iowa have been recorded since 1950, averaging about 48 a year, with a record 125 in 2024 and four F5/EF5 tornadoes among Iowa's most violent.

List of largest volcanic eruptions

The list of largest volcanic eruptions ranks eruptions by ejecta volume on the Volcanic Explosivity Index, from Tambora in 1815 to the VEI 8 supereruptions.

List of lightning phenomena

List of lightning phenomena: the distinct forms of atmospheric electrical discharge, including cloud-to-ground and intra-cloud lightning, sprites, blue jets, and the poorly understood ball lightning.

List of lights

A list of lights, or light list, is an official nautical publication tabulating lights, fog signals, and aids to navigation in detail charts cannot show, arranged by geographic region.

List of local winds

The list of local winds covers named winds that differ from the large-scale pressure pattern over a small area, like the mistral, bora, and chinook.

List of Louisiana hurricanes (2000–present)

The list of Louisiana hurricanes (2000–present), also called the list of hurricanes in Louisiana, catalogs every hurricane to strike the state since 2000, from Katrina's devastation to 2024's Francine.

List of meteorological photos and videos

The list of meteorological photos and videos, also known as the list of iconic weather photos, covers landmark images from Ronalds's 1845 recording camera to GOES-19 imagery.

List of Mexico hurricanes

The list of Mexico hurricanes, also called Hurricanes in Mexico, covers tropical cyclones striking both coasts, averaging about 4.5 direct impacts yearly, with Hurricane Patricia the strongest on record.

List of Michigan tornadoes

The list of Michigan tornadoes covers tornadoes recorded in Michigan since 1950, over 1,100 in all, including the Flint-Beecher tornado of June 1953, the deadliest in state history.

List of minerals

The list of minerals is an inventory of mineral species recognized by mineralogists, chiefly the International Mineralogical Association's master list of 6,226 approved species in July 2026.

List of Mississippi hurricanes

The list of Mississippi hurricanes covers tropical cyclones that struck the state since records began in 1851, including Hurricane Camille in 1969 and Hurricane Katrina in 2005.

List of most polluted rivers

The list of most polluted rivers covers rankings by pollutant, since no official world ranking exists, with Asian rivers like the Yangtze, Ganges, Pasig, and Citarum dominating plastic and sewage metrics.

List of natural disasters by death toll

A list of natural disasters by death toll ranks events like earthquakes and floods by deaths; the deadliest listed is the 1556 Shaanxi earthquake, with about 830,000 deaths.

List of natural disasters in the United States

The list of natural disasters in the United States covers hurricanes, floods, wildfires, and earthquakes, including the deadliest events like the 1900 Galveston hurricane and Hurricane Katrina.